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Developing next-generation climate change scholars: The DISCCRS experience

Journal of environmental Studies and sciences 2011年第1期1卷 54-62页

作者： Mitchell, Ronald B. Weiler, C. Susan Department of Political Science and Environmental Studies Program University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403-1284 United States Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences Division Cross-Directorate and Interdisciplinary Programs National Science Foundation Arlington VA 22230 4201 Wilson Boulevard United States

Addressing climate change successfully will require an interdisciplinary network of climate change scholars who can communicate effectively with scholars from other disciplines and with the many audiences beyond the ivory tower. Those scholars will need teamwork skills that foster sustained interdisciplinary collaborations and the specific professional skills and training needed for interdisciplinary scholars to navigate successfully in a disciplinary academic world. Yet, at present, our institutions of higher education are not providing these skills to new Ph. D. s. Most graduate students receive extensive disciplinary training but little, if any, training in doing interdisciplinary research, communicating effectively, or building their careers. The authors have developed DISCCRS-the Dissertations Initiative for the Advancement of Climate Change Research-to build this network of climate change scholars and to target these shortcomings in current training of climate change scholars. This article describes the institutional obstacles and disincentives that hinder the training of graduate students, and the career progress of faculty, interested in conducting interdisciplinary climate change research. The DISCCRS initiative's annual Symposia, Dissertation Registry, website, and weekly electronic newsletter are described as ways to build an interdisciplinary network of scholars and to improve that network's communication, team building, and early-career development skills. DISCCRS has developed a model that can be used, in whole or in part, as more universities take up the challenge of developing the next generation of climate change scholars. © 2011 AESS.

关键词： Climate change Climate change scholars DISCCRS interdisciplinary programs Team building

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Capstones and practica in environmental studies and sciences programs: Rationale and lessons learned

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Journal of environmental Studies and sciences 2011年第3期1卷 181-188页

作者： Camill, Philip Phillips, Kathleen Environmental Studies Program Earth and Oceanographic Science Department Bowdoin College Brunswick ME 04011 6700 College Station United States Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources School of Earth Sciences Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 473 Via Ortega United States

environmental science and Studies (ESS) programs grapple with the need to address several important, and sometimes competing, goals in curricula, such as understanding coupled human-natural systems, interdisciplinary approaches, problem solving, science literacy, informed citizenship, and career preparation. Hands-on projects that allow students to apply their academic learning to the real world in the form of capstone projects and practica offer the potential to meet many of these goals. In June 2010, a session was convened at the Association for environmental Studies and sciences (AESS) annual conference at Lewis and Clark College in Portland, Oregon, to discuss the benefits of these projects for student learning and to share practical experience of facilitating these types of projects and associated courses on different campuses across the country. This special issue of JESS features eight case studies of ESS capstone course projects at various institutions, from small liberal arts colleges to large research institutions. These examples serve as templates for instructors hoping to start similar programs at other institutions or to adapt new projects in existing capstone courses. This paper synthesizes the collective lessons learned from these case studies. We found that that while these case studies help instructors achieve some similar learning goals, several important differences exist, suggesting that curricula and the demands faced by instructors in the emerging field of ESS are still quite varied. © 2011 AESS.

关键词： Assessment Capstone Community Curriculum Education environmental studies and sciences Experiential learning Pedagogy Practicum Student-centered learning

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Evaluation of Urban Ozone Formationby Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential Indices and Generalized Additive Model

Evaluation of Urban Ozone Formationby Photochemical Ozone Cr...

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International Conference on Biological, Civil and environmental Engineering (BCEE-2015, Bali)

作者： Sirithorn Saengsai Wanida Jinsart Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (International Program) Graduate SchoolChulalongkorn University Department of Environmental Science Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn University

Ozone formation potential(OFP) of 43 VOCs species were analyzed usingthe ambient concentrations data from 2008 to 2013 and the Photochemical ozone creation potential indices,the indicator of a VOCs' capacity to contribute to the photochemical ozone formation).The ozone production potential contribution(OPC) can then be calculated as the percentage of individual OFP to the summation of all VOCs' *** predicted ozone formation potential species were verified by Generalized Additive Model(GAM).The impacts of the photochemical ozone creation potential to surface ozone level were *** hydrocarbons were found to be the main group that affected to the ozone production40.2% with the overall mean of response and r2 changes(9.4%).Althoughfrom the calculation,the OFP level of Hydrocarbons(59.5%) and oxygenated hydrocarbons(39.4%) were high but from GAM results,their effects to ozone production(6.0% and 1.6%) were lower than those of halogenated hydrocarbons.

关键词： generalized additive model ozone formation potential photochemical ozone creation potential volatile organic compound

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Observing super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate at an agro-forest site in Thailand

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environmental science and Pollution Research 2024年第55期31卷 63718-63733页

作者： Bridhikitti, Arika Kumsawat, Chananphat Phitakpinyo, Nutthanaphat Sontisaka, Sirawich Naksaro, Ratipong Sawangproh, Weerachon Nakayama, Tomoki Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management Program School of Interdisciplinary Studies Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Mahidol-York Interdisciplinary Living Research Excellence Center Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Conservation Biology Program School of Interdisciplinary Studies Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Faculty of Environmental Science Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi Nagasaki Nagasaki City8528521 Japan

Coarse aerosol particles containing chloride in tropical forests are significant for understanding biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric processes, with implications for environmental health and climate change mitigation. This study explored the sources of super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate. Aerosol samples were collected from an agro-forest site in Thailand during the dry season and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. By examining the morphology and elemental compositions of individual aerosol particles, along with employing Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and backward trajectory analysis, potential sources were identified. The findings revealed two primary sources for the super-coarse aerosol particles: a mixture of biomass burning smoke and inorganic salts (likely from saline soil and sea salt), as well as halophilic fungal spores. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of compounds linked to biomass burning and clay minerals, influenced by prevailing northeast and southeast winds. Recommendations for future research include continued monitoring, correlation with meteorological parameters, and the application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for more detailed visualization and confirmation of aerosol sources. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Geophysical Constraints on Decarbonized Systems—Building Spatio-Temporal Uncertainties into Future Electricity Grid Planning

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Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2023年第4期10卷 218-233页

作者： Chowdhury, Afm Kamal Wild, Thomas Deshmukh, Ranjit Iyer, Gokul Galelli, Stefano Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland College ParkMD20740 United States College ParkMD20740 United States Environmental Studies Program University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States School of Civil and Environemntal Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

Purpose of Review: Future electricity grids will be characterized by the high penetration of renewables to support the decarbonization process. Yet, this transition will further expose grids to a broad spectrum of geophysical forces, such as weather and climate or the availability of land and minerals. Here, we synthesize the current body of knowledge on the relationship between geophysical constraints and electricity grid planning. Recent Findings: We show that there have been promising advances in the data, methods, and modelling tools needed to incorporate the effect of geophysical constraints on demand, resource availability, and grid operations. However, current research efforts are typically focused on the effect of a single constraint, thereby lacking a broader view of the problem. Summary: More system-specific and finer-scale analyses are necessary to better understand how spatio-temporal variability in geophysical forces affects grid planning. Moreover, we need a broader focus on the multi-sectoral implications of decarbonization efforts, including the societal consequences of grid management decisions. Importantly, all these efforts are challenged by the computational requirements of existing power system models, which often limit our ability to characterize uncertainty and scale analyses across larger domains. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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Dynamics of one-dimensional spin models via complex-time evolution of tensor networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cha, Jeong Hyeok Lee, Hyun-Yong Kim, Heung-Sik Department of Semiconductor Physics Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Earth Environmental System Science and Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Division of Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Institute of Quantum Convergence Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of

Studying the real-time dynamics of strongly correlated systems poses significant challenges, which have recently become more manageable thanks to advances in density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and tensor network methods. A notable development in this area is the introduction of a complex-time evolution scheme for tensor network states, originally suggested for solving Anderson impurity model and designed to suppress the growth of entanglement under time evolution. In this study, we employ the complex-time evolution scheme to investigate the dynamics of one-dimensional spin systems, specifically the transverse-field Ising model (TFIM) and the XXZ model. Our analysis revisits the dynamic critical exponent z of the TFIM and explores the dynamical structure factor in both gapped and gapless states of the XXZ model. Importantly, the complex-time evolution reproduces the results of real-time evolution while mitigating the rapid growth of quantum entanglement typically associated with the latter. These results demonstrate that the combination of complex-time evolution and extrapolation provides a robust and efficient framework for studying the dynamics of complex quantum systems, enabling more comprehensive insights into their behavior. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Cadmium Uptake by Rice Grown in Contaminated Soil

Effect of Organic Fertilizer on Cadmium Uptake by Rice Grown...

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International Conference on environmental and Agriculture Engineering（ICEAE 2011）

作者： Pantawat Sampanpanish Panus Pongpaladisai Environmental Research Institute Chulalongkorn University National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management Chulalongkorn University Interdisciplinary Program of Environmental Science Graduate School Chulalongkorn University

Organic fertilizer effects on cadmium uptake by rice grown in contaminated soil was studied and tracked throughout the experiment which was conducted in a plant nursery house. Five samples of soil in planting containers were prepared by filling with soil using uncontaminated and organic fertilizer free, contaminated and organic fertilizer free, contaminated and organic fertilized at 500 kg/rai (6.25 rai = 1 hectare) , contaminated and organic fertilized at 1000 kg/rai and contaminated and organic fertilized at 2000 kg/rai. Then 4 varieties of Thai rice as follows: Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105), RD6, Phitsanulok3 and Niaw San-Pa-Tong were cropped in each container. Afterwards, samplings of the soil and successfully grown rice were taken every 30, 60, 90 and 120 days. These consisted of above soil surface growth;below soil surface growth, husk and grain these were to determine the amount of Cadmium uptake in each part. The experimental results show that Niaw San-Pa-Tong cropped in contaminated soil with organic fertilizer at 2000 kg/rai, after 120days displayed accumulated cadmium uptake in above soil surface was lowest at 4.1 mg/kg. At the same time interval, Phitsanulok3 grown in contaminated soil and fertilized at 1000 kg/rai, revealed cadmium uptake in below soil surface was lowest at 9.19 mg/kg. Cadmium uptake by Phitsanulok3 grain reached to its lowest at 0.06 mg/kg in soil contaminated and fertilized at 2000 kg/rai. These results suggest that, regarding accumulative cadmium uptake, a concentration of organic fertilizer in the level ranging between 1000-2000 kg/rai will be most successful in the future.

关键词： Organic Fertilizer, Cadmium, Uptake, Rice, Soil

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Development of high-accuracy particle concentration prediction model. An application of remote sensing and machine learning 18

Development of high-accuracy particle concentration predicti...

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18th Healthy Buildings Europe Conference 2023: Beyond Disciplinary Boundaries

作者： Moni, Mufaddal Sahu, Manoranjan Aerosol and Nanoparticle Technology Laboratory Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India Centre for Machine Intelligence and Data Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781713877158

Indoor air is a dominant exposure for humans as more than half of the body’s intake during a lifetime is air inhaled indoors. Most of the buildings in developing nations are openly ventilated, and there is no significant difference between the outside and indoor air. Efforts are being made by authorities to build well-controlled indoor environments. The lack of air pollution monitoring systems is one of the major challenges in identifying high-risk zones where the development of healthy buildings is critical. Ground-based monitoring systems are sparsely distributed in major cities only. Whereas low-cost sensors come with challenges related to calibration, accuracy, and reliability. Satellites provide continuous global coverage with high-resolution AOD data. Though significant work has been done correlating AOD and PM2.5, still the models lack accuracy and transferability. The vertical distribution profile of the aerosols significantly affects the surface level concentration which is not accounted for by the majority of the studies done for AOD-PM2.5 modeling. This study emphasizes the use of high-resolution AOD from CHRISTINE code and aerosol vertical distribution profile, along with meteorological parameters and factors affecting particle size distribution, to develop a step-down methodology for more accurate PM2.5 prediction and transferable a larger geographical range. © Healthy Buildings Europe 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Air quality

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Wisdom of Crowds for Supporting the Safety Evaluation of Nanomaterials

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Saarimäki, Laura Aliisa Fratello, Michele del Giudice, Giusy Di Lieto, Emanuele Afantitis, Antreas Alenius, Harri Chiavazzo, Eliodoro Gulumian, Mary Karisola, Piia Lynch, Iseult Mancardi, Giulia Melagraki, Georgia Netti, Paolo A. Papadiamantis, Anastasios G. Peijnenburg, Willie Santos, Hélder A. Serchi, Tommaso Shahbazi, Mohammad-Ali Stoeger, Tobias Valsami-Jones, Eugenia Vivo, Paola Vrček, Ivana Vinković Vogel, Ulla Wick, Peter Winkler, David A. Serra, Angela Greco, Dario Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere33520 Finland Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki00790 Finland NovaMechanics Ltd Nicosia Cyprus Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm171 77 Sweden Research Program Medical Faculty University of Helsinki Helsinki00290 Finland Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino10129 Italy National Institute for Occupational Health National Health Laboratory Services Johannesburg South Africa School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Division of Physical Sciences and Applications Hellenic Military Academy Vari Greece Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials-CRIB University of Napoli Federico II P.le Tecchio 80 Napoli80125 Italy Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden University Leiden Netherlands National Institute of Public Health and the Environment Center for Safety of Products and Substances Bilthoven Netherlands University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology 5 Avenue des Hauts Fourneaux Eschsur-Alzette4362 Luxembourg Munich Germany Solar Cells Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University P.O. Box 541 TampereFI-33014 Finland Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Zagreb Croatia National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen ODK-2100 Denmark Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen9014 Switzerland La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora3086 Australia Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville3052 Australia School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham NottinghamNG7 2QL United Kingdom Tampere Institute for Advanced Study

The development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) to replace current in vivo testing for the safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is hindered by the scarcity of validated experimental data for a broad range of ENMs. We introduce a framework to address this challenge by harnessing the collective expertise of professionals from multiple complementary and related fields (‘wisdom of crowds’ or WoC). By integrating expert insights, we aim to fill data gaps and generate consensus concern scores for diverse ENMs, thereby enhancing the predictive power of nanosafety computational models. Our investigation reveals an alignment between expert opinion and experimental data, providing robust estimations of concern levels. Building upon these findings, we employ predictive machine learning models trained on the newly defined concern scores, ENM descriptors, and gene expression profiles, to quantify potential harm across various toxicity endpoints. These models further revealed key genes potentially involved in underlying toxicity mechanisms. Notably, genes associated with metal ion homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress emerge as predictors of ENM toxicity across diverse endpoints. This study showcases the value of integrating expert knowledge and computational modeling to address the complexity of nanomaterial safety. Our work suggests that this interdisciplinary approach enhances the accuracy and efficiency of safety assessment in the rapidly evolving landscape of nanotechnology. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoclay

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Study of Aerosol Direct and Indirect Effects and Auto-conversion Processes over the West African Monsoon Region Using a Regional Climate Model

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2018年第2期35卷 182-194页

作者： Zeinab SALAH Ahmed SHALABY Allison L. STEINER Ashraf S. ZAKEY Ritesh GAUTAM Mohamed M. ABDEL WAHAB The Egyptian Meteorological Authority Cairo 11784 Egypt University of Michigan Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering Ann Arbor M148109-2143 USA Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering and Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Bombay 400076 India Cairo University Department of Astronomy Space Science and Meteorology Giza 12613 Egypt Environmental Defense Fund Washington DC 20009 USA

This study assesses the direct and indirect effects of natural and anthropogenic aerosols （e.g., black carbon and sulfate） over West and Central Africa during the West African monsoon （WAM） period （June-July-August）. We investigate the impacts of aerosols on the amount of cloudiness, the influences on the precipitation efficiency of clouds, and the associated radiative forcing （direct and indirect）. Our study includes the implementation of three new formulations of auto-conversion parameterization [namely, the Beheng （BH）, Tripoli and Cotton （TC） and Liu and Daum （R6） schemes] in RegCM4.4.1, besides the default model＇s auto-conversion scheme （Kessler）. Among the new schemes, BH reduces the precipitation wet bias by more than 50% over West Africa and achieves a bias reduction of around 25% over Central Africa. Results from detailed sensitivity experiments suggest a significant path forward in terms of addressing the long-standing issue of the characteristic wet bias in RegCM. In terms of aerosol-induced radiative forcing, the impact of the various schemes is found to vary considerably （ranging from -5 to -25 W m-2）.

关键词： aerosol, cloud West African monsoon auto-conversion RegCM

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