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Mutation of a gene with PWWP domain confers salt tolerance in rice

Plant Molecular Biology 2025年第3期115卷 1-19页

作者： Seo, Hyeon Ung Jang, Cheol Seong Plant Genomics Laboratory Graduate School Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea

Salinity is a major problem due to the continuous increase in the salinization of agricultural lands, particularly, paddy fields. Using a forward genetics approach, salt-insensitive TILLING line 3, sitl3, was selected from a core population induced by gamma-ray irradiation. Under salt stress, sitl3 had greater fresh weight and chlorophyll content, and lower H₂O₂ and Na⁺ contents than the wild-type. In the gene (LOC_Os07g46180) with two PWWP domains (named Oyza sativa PWWP4, OsPWWP4) of sitl3, a premature stop was caused by an SNP, and was named ***462* (a stop gain occurred from the 462th amino acid residue). The OsPWWP4 and substrate proteins (OsEULS2, OsEULS3, and OsEULD2) were identified using yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, in vitro pull-down, and in vitro methyltransferase assays. Subcellular localization of OsPWWP4 and ***462*GFP-tagged proteins revealed they were both localized in the nucleus, while OsEULS2, OsEULS3, and OsEULD2 GFP-tagged proteins were found in the nucleus and cytosol of rice protoplasts. The expression levels of OsEULS2, OsEULS3, OsEULD2 under salt stress were higher in sitl3 than in wild-type plants. In contrast, OsPWWP4 expression was higher in the latter. Genes involved in the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway showed higher expression in the aerial tissues of silt3 than in the wild-type. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated OsPWWP4 knock-out transgenic plants showed salt tolerance phenotypes with low Na⁺ contents and low Na⁺/K⁺ ratios. The data suggest that sitl3 is a valuable genetic resource for understanding protein post-translational regulation-related salinity tolerance mechanisms such as methyltransferase activities, and for improving salt tolerance in rice through breeding. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.

关键词： Gamma-ray irradiation OsEUL family OsPWWP4 Premature stop Salt stress

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Comparative transcriptomics of transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing Miscanthus sinensis BTF3

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BMC Genomics 2025年第1期26卷 1-9页

作者： Seo, Ji Won Ham, Da Ye Lee, Jae Geun Kim, Hee Young Choi, Ik Young Kim, Myong Jo Seong, Eun Soo Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Science Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea Research Institute of Biotechnology Hwajin Cosmetics Hongcheon 25142 South Korea Department of Smart Farm Chungnam State University Cheongyang 33303 South Korea Department of Agriculture and Life Industry Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea Department of Applied Plant Sciences Division of Bioresource Sciences Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea

Background: Plant basic transcription factor3 (BTF3) plays an important role in photosynthesis rate and plant growth and development. In addition, it is involved in resistance mechanisms related to abiotic and biotic stress and has a significant impact on plant growth phenotype. This study was conducted to expand our understanding on plant transcriptome changes as there are no reports on plant transcriptome changes in normal environments due to the overexpression of Miscanthus sinensis BTF3 gene. Results: The amino acid sequence length of the BTF3 gene isolated from M. sinensis was 158 aa, and it showed the highest homology (97.47 %) with that of Paniocum virgatum (PvBTF3). Nicotiana benthamiana (Nb) transgenic plant was produced by transforming a binary vector into which the MsBTF3 gene was inserted into Agrobacterium. Up- and down-regulatory factors were classified through transcriptome analysis using transgenic plants overexpressing MsBTF3. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of up-regulated transcripts showed that the most expressed transcripts were involved in biological processes. Analysis of down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that they were involved in metabolic processes that corresponded to biological processes. Blast analysis revealed that Nb03180T (chloroplast photosystem II 22 kDa component), Nb04871T (basic transcription factor 3-like), Nb13433T (expansin-B15- like), Nb15392T (receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase SD1-8 isoform X3), Nb17216T (3-bata-glucan endohydrolase), and Nb20214T (probable rhamnogalacturonate lyase B) were among the DEGs whose transcript expression was up-regulated more than 2-fold compared to the wild type. In particular, the reference gene, that is the NbBTF3 gene, showed the highest expression owing to the overexpression of MsBTF3. Conclusions: Transcriptome changes in tobacco plants through MsBTF3 overexpression revealed that MsBTF3 caused broad-spectrum changes in the biological processes of plants. Ms

关键词： Basic transcription factor3 Differentially expressed genes Gene ontology Miscanthus sinensis NbBTF3 Nicotiana benthamiana transgenic plant Transcriptome analysis

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Zinc Oxide@Tetracycline Spiky Microparticles Design for Persistent Antibacterial Therapy

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Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A 2025年第5期113卷

作者： Seol, Youjin Ganguly, Keya Patil, Tejal V. Dutta, Sayan Deb Park, Hyeonseo Lee, Jieun Randhawa, Aayushi Kim, Hojin Lim, Ki-Taek Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon University Gangwon-do Chuncheon Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Gangwon-do Chuncheon Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA United States Institute of Forest Science Kangwon National University Gangwon-do Chuncheon Korea Republic of

Antibiotics have revolutionized medical treatment by effectively combating bacterial infections, particularly those associated with chronic wounds and implant complications. Nevertheless, the persistent use of these drugs has resulted in an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria and biofilm infections, highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapies. This study presents an approach for combating persistent bacterial and biofilm infections through the integration of biomimetic design and advanced nanotechnology. Inspired by the natural defense mechanisms of pollen grains and lotus leaves, we engineered zinc oxide spiky microparticles combined with tetracycline-loaded beads mimicking the structure of lotus leaf papillae. This biomimetic design exhibits a multifaceted antimicrobial strategy, leveraging hierarchical micro/nanostructures and the inherent antibacterial properties of their natural counterparts. ZnO microparticles, which mimic the morphology of pollen grains, provide topological cues to rupture adhered bacteria, whereas tetracycline beads, inspired by lotus leaf papillae, deliver a controlled release of antibiotics to target persistent bacteria. Using a synergistic multimodal approach, our biomimetic materials demonstrated exceptional efficacy in eradicating persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infections, offering promising prospects for the development of advanced antibacterial therapies. This study not only underscores the importance of biomimicry in material design but also highlights the potential of integrating nature-inspired strategies with nanotechnology for biomedical applications. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Medical nanotechnology

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Mesenchymal stem cells,the secretome and biomaterials:Regenerative medicine application

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BIOCELL 2022年第10期46卷 2201-2208页

作者： KI-TAEK LIM TEJAL V.PATIL DINESH KPATEL SAYAN DEB DUTTA KEYA GANGULY AAYUSHI RANDHAWA Department of Biosystems Engineering Interdisciplinary Program in Smart AgricultureKangwon National UniversityChuncheon341Korea

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent cells usually isolated from bone marrow,endometrium,adipose tissues,skin,and dental *** played a crucial role in regenerative therapy and have been introduced as an interdisciplinary field between cell biology and material ***,MSCs have been widely explored for their application in regenerative medicine and COVID-19 *** approaches to evaluate the future of biomaterials and stem cell properties have been ***,misconceptions and ethical issues still exist,such as MSCs being non-angiogenic,anti-apoptotic,and immunoregulatory *** stem cells isolation primarily requires the consent of donors and can include the killing of fertilized *** issues generate questions related to ethical and moral ***,MSCs have gained considerable attention for tissue regeneration owing to their differentiation ability with immunomodulatory *** are capable of secreting a broad range of biomolecules such as proteins,nucleic acids,exosomes,microRNAs,and membrane vesicles,collectively known as *** are released in response to the surrounding *** this article,we briefly address topics related to the therapeutic potential of MSCs as an advanced approach in the field of regenerative medicine and various perspectives.

关键词： Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Biomaterials Regenerative Medicine

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Investigating growth, root development, and chlorophyll fluorescence of tomato scions and rootstocks under UV-B stress in a plant factory with artificial lighting

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Scientia Horticulturae 2025年 347卷

作者： Yang, Hwichan Kim, Youngho Bae, Yunhyeong Hyeon, Soonjae Choi, Minseong Jang, Dongcheol Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea Department of Horticulture Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea

Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) provide a controlled environment for seedling production, helping overcome challenges posed by fluctuating weather conditions. UV-B irradiation enhances plant physiology by increasing flavonoid accumulation, strengthening disease resistance, and improving seedling vigor. However, because of species specific and context dependent responses, researchers must further investigate the appropriate timing and dosage of UV-B exposure. Herein, we aimed to determine the optimal UV-B irradiation timing and dose for tomato scions and rootstocks in PFALs. We categorized the irradiation period into three stages ST1 {3–7 days after sowing (DAS)}, ST2 (8–12 DAS), and ST3 (13–17 DAS) and tested doses of 1.44, 2.88, and 5.76 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹. At ST2, the 5.76 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹ dose reduced plant height by 2.3 cm (28 %) in scions and 4.5 cm (34 %) in rootstocks compared with the control. In the rhizosphere, higher UV-B doses inhibited root development, whereas ST3 1.44–2.88 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹ promoted growth. Scions exposed to ST2 5.76 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹ showed a 2.3 % increase in dry matter content compared to the control, reaching 9.5 %. The compactness of the rootstock increased to 6.4 mg·cm⁻¹ under conditions of ST2 2.88 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹, 1.9 mg·cm⁻¹ (42 %) increase compared to the control 4.5 mg·cm⁻¹. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflected stress responses: F_V/F_M and PI_ABS significantly decreased at ST3 5.76 kJ·m⁻²·d⁻¹, whereas DI₀/RC significantly increased. These results demonstrate that carefully adjusting UV-B timing and dosage can help reduce plant damage and regulate growth, supporting the production of high-quality tomato seedlings in PFALs. © 2025

关键词： Chlorophyll fluorescence Growth inhibition Root development Seedling quality Stress

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Bioimplant-on-a-Chip for Facile Investigation of Periodontal Ligament Formation on Biogenic Hydroxyapatite/Ti6Al4 V Implants

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ACS applied materials & interfaces 2025年第21期17卷 2025 May 13页

作者： Sangbae Park Jae Eun Kim Juo Lee Woochan Kim Woobin Choi Myung Chul Lee Jae Woon Lim Kyoung-Je Jang Hoon Seonwoo Jangho Kim Jong Hoon Chung Department of Biosystems Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea. Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Integrated Major in Global Smart Farm College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Department of Convergent Biosystems Engineering College of Life Science and Natural Resources Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea. Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea. Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea. Medicinal Materials Research Center Biomedical Research Division Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Seoul 02792 Republic of Korea. Department of Bio-Systems Engineering Institute of Smart Farm Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea. Institute of Agriculture & Life Science Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Republic of Korea. Institute of Nano-Stem Cells Therapeutics NANOBIOSYSTEM Co. Ltd Gwangju 61008 Republic of Korea. ELBIO Inc Seoul 08812 Republic of Korea.

Highly osseointegrative dental implants surrounded by reconstructed periodontal tissues represent a promising strategy for functional tooth replacement, as they mimic the structural and physiological characteristics of natural teeth. However, there is currently a lack of in vitro platforms that can effectively evaluate the integration of engineered periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues with bioimplants. In this study, we developed a bioimplant-on-a-chip (BoC) platform designed to recapitulate the native PDL-cementum interface and assess the early stage biological performance of bioimplants in vitro. The BoC consists of a dental implant, a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) insert, a nanopatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, and PDL-like tissue derived from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). To establish viable culture conditions within the platform, surface coatings and cell seeding densities were optimized to support the formation of PDL-like tissue. Nanogrooved substrates were incorporated to guide cellular alignment, which was assessed through orientation analysis. Collagen fiber organization and matrix deposition were further examined as indicators of ligamentous tissue maturation. Cementogenic activity was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining of cementum protein-1 (CEMP-1) in response to varying biogenic hydroxyapatite (bHA) contents in the bioimplants. The results demonstrated successful reproduction of a PDL-like tissue interface and material-dependent differences in CEMP-1 expression. This platform provides a modular and reproducible tool for the comparative evaluation of bioimplants in a physiologically relevant setting and may be useful in advancing regenerative strategies in dental implantology.

关键词： bioimplant-on-a-chip bioimplants in vitro model periodontal ligament tissue engineering

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Factorial Experiment for the Collecting Device of an Agricultural By-product Collector

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Journal of Biosystems Engineering 2020年第4期45卷 422-431页

作者： Hwang, Seok-Joon Kim, Jeong-Hoon Nam, Ju-Seok Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Chuncheon Korea Republic of

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the optimum operating conditions for the collecting device of agricultural by-product collector. Methods: A factorial experiment was performed using a test equipment with the collecting device. By targeting apple pruning branches, the collecting ratio for the branches was measured according to the rotational speed (100, 200, and 300 rpm), clearance from the soil surface (− 10, 0, and 10 mm), and forward-moving speed (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 m/s) of the collecting device. The results were analyzed using mean collecting ratio of the triplicate experiment for each condition. Therefore, the total number of experiment is 81. Results: Experimental results show that the collecting ratio was the highest when the collecting device was operated at 200 rpm rotational speed, 0 mm clearance from the soil surface, and 0.6 m/s moving speed. The conditions that ensured a ≥ 99% collecting ratio were 0.6 m/s and 0.8 m/s moving speed, 200 rpm rotational speed, and 0 mm clearance from the soil surface. Conclusions: Regarding the field capacity, the optimum operating conditions for the collecting device were determined as 0.8 m/s moving speed, 200 rpm rotational speed, and 0 mm clearance from the soil surface. © 2020, The Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery.

关键词： Equipment testing

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Understanding cell-extracellular matrix interactions for topology-guided tissue regeneration

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BIOCELL 2023年第4期47卷 789-808页

作者： AAYUSHI RANDHAWA SAYAN DEB DUTTA KEYA GANGULY TEJAL V.PATIL RACHMI LUTHFIKASARI KI-TAEK LIM Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Korea

Tissues are made up of cells and the extracellular matrix(ECM)which surrounds *** cells and tissues are actively adaptable to enduring significant stress that occurs in daily *** astonishing mechanical stress develops due to the interaction between the live cells and the non-living *** in the matrix microenvironment can sense the signals and forces produced and initiate a signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in the body’s normal functioning and influences various properties of the native cells,including growth,proliferation,and ***,the matrix’s characteristic features also impact the repair and regeneration of the damaged *** current study reviewed how the cell-ECM interaction regulates cellular behavior and physicochemical ***,we have described the response of cells to mechanical stresses,the importance of substrate stiffness and geometry in tissue regeneration,and the development of scaffolds to mimic the nature of native ECM in 3D for tissue engineering applications has also been ***,the study summarizes the conclusions and promising prospects based on the cell-ECM interplay.

关键词： ECM Stress Mechanical force Scaffold Mechanotransduction Tissue engineering

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One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Kimchi Cabbage Downy Mildew Detection Using Aerial Hyperspectral Images

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Remote Sensing 2025年第9期17卷 1626-1626页

作者： Lyu, Yang Kuswidiyanto, Lukas Wiku Wang, Pingan Noh, Hyun-Ho Jung, Hee-Young Han, Xiongzhe Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shandong Water Conservancy Vocational College Rizhao276826 China Residual Agrochemical Assessment Division Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection National Institute of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Jeonju55365 Korea Republic of Department of Plant Pathology College of Agricultural and Life Science Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Department of Biosystems Engineering College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of

Downy mildew poses a significant threat to kimchi cabbage, a vital agricultural product in Korea, adversely affecting its yield and quality. Traditional disease detection methods based on visual inspection are labor intensive and time consuming. This study proposes a non-destructive, field-scale disease detection approach using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based hyperspectral imaging. Hyperspectral images of the kimchi cabbage field were preprocessed, segmented at the pixel level, and classified into four categories: background, healthy, early-stage disease, and late-stage disease. Spectral analysis of the late and early stages of downy mildew infection revealed notable differences in the red-edge band, with infected plants exhibiting increased red-edge reflectance. To automate disease detection, various machine learning models, including Random Forest (RF), 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN), 1D Residual Network (1D-ResNet), and 1D Inception Network (1D-InceptionNet), were developed. These models were trained based on a 0.2 sampling dataset, achieving overall accuracy scores of 0.907, 0.901, 0.909, and 0.914, along with F1 scores of 0.876, 0.845, 0.897, and 0.899, respectively. Overall, the results of this study revealed that the red-edge band reliably signaled the presence of downy mildew, and the 1D-InceptionNet model demonstrated the most effective performance for automatic disease detection. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Drones

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Unraveling the potential of 3D bioprinted immunomodulatory materials for regulating macrophage polarization:State-of-the-art in bone and associated tissue regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 284-310页

作者： Sayan Deb Dutta Tejal V.Patil Keya Ganguly Aayushi Randhawa Ki-Taek Lim Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Republic of Korea Institute of Forest Science Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Republic of Korea

Macrophage-assisted immunomodulation is an alternative strategy in tissue engineering, wherein the interplay between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophage cells and body cells determines the fate of healing or inflammation. Although several reports have demonstrated that tissue regeneration depends on spatial and temporal regulation of the biophysical or biochemical microenvironment of the biomaterial, the underlying molecular mechanism behind immunomodulation is still under consideration for developing immunomodulatory scaffolds. Currently, most fabricated immunomodulatory platforms reported in the literature show regenerative capabilities of a particular tissue, for example, endogenous tissue (e.g., bone, muscle, heart, kidney, and lungs) or exogenous tissue (e.g., skin and eye). In this review, we briefly introduced the necessity of the 3D immunomodulatory scaffolds and nanomaterials, focusing on material properties and their interaction with macrophages for general readers. This review also provides a comprehensive summary of macrophage origin and taxonomy, their diverse functions, and various signal transduction pathways during biomaterial-macrophage interaction, which is particularly helpful for material scientists and clinicians for developing next-generation immunomodulatory scaffolds. From a clinical standpoint, we briefly discussed the role of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and/or nanomaterial composites for macrophage-assisted tissue engineering with a special focus on bone and associated tissues. Finally, a summary with expert opinion is presented to address the challenges and future necessity of 3D bioprinted immunomodulatory materials for tissue engineering.

关键词： Macrophage Immunomodulation Biomaterials 3D bioprinting Tissue engineering

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