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SSRN 2022年

作者： Park, Sangjin Sohn, Wonmin Piao, Yong Lee, Dongkun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture & Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of School of Planning Design and Construction Michigan State University MI48826 United States College of Agriculture and Life Science Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Climate change is contributing to an increasing frequency and intensity of floods in Korea. This study predicts areas with a high probability of flooding in coastal areas of South Korea owing to future climate change, which is likely to cause extreme rainfall and sea-level rise, using a spatiotemporal downscaled future climate change scenario with random forest, artificial neural network, and k-nearest neighbor techniques. In addition, the change in coastal flooding risk probability according to the application of different adaptation strategies (green spaces and seawalls) was identified. The results showed a clear difference in the risk probability distribution in the absence and presence of either adaptation strategy. Their effectiveness in moderating future flooding risks is subject to change owing to strategy type, geographic region, and urbanization intensity and the results show that green spaces are slightly more effective than seawalls when forecasting for 2050. This demonstrates the importance of a nature-based strategy. Moreover, this study highlights the need to prepare adaptation measures according to regional characteristics to mitigate the impact of climate change. Korea is surrounded by seas on three sides that have independent geophysical and climate characteristics. The south coast has a higher risk of coastal flooding than the east and west coasts. In addition, a higher urbanization rate is associated with a higher risk probability. This implies that climate change response strategies for coastal cities are necessary as the population and socioeconomic activities of coastal urban areas are likely to increase in the future. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Canna edulis accessions in Vietnam revealed by ISSR markers

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Vegetos 2024年第3期37卷 1009-1018页

作者： Le, Thi-Loan Jang, Dong-Cheol Pham, Le-Anh-Minh Le, Hoang-Duc Nguyen, Thi-Huong Nguyen, Van-Kien Nguyen, Thi-Hoa Hoang, Thi-Nga Vu, Dang-Toan Bui, The-Khuynh Vu, Thi-Thuy-Hang Dinh, Thai-Hoang Tran, Anh-Tuan Phan, Thi-Thu-Hien Tong, Van-Giang Le, Thi-Tuyet-Cham Vu, Ngoc-Thang Plant Resources Center Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hanoi Viet Nam Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea Department of Horticulture Kangwon National University Chuncheon 24341 South Korea Faculty of Biotechnology Vietnam National University of Agriculture Hanoi Viet Nam Institute of Biotechnology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Viet Nam Faculty of Agronomy Vietnam National University of Agriculture Hanoi Viet Nam Faculty of Biology and Agricultural Engineering Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 Vinh Phuc Province Phuc Yen City Viet Nam Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries Hong Duc University Thanh Hoa Viet Nam

Discovery of the genetic diversity of Canna edulis accessions is valuable for germplasm conservation, improvement, and utilization of this crop as an ornamental garden plant or a food source in the future. This study employed 14 ISSR markers and morphological characters to assess genetic relationships among 52 accessions of Canna edulis (denoted as C1 to C52) collected in 9 provinces of three agroecological regions of Vietnam. A total of 75 loci with an average of 5.2 loci per marker and sizes ranging from 300 to 1900 bp were obtained. Most of the loci were polymorphic with an average polymorphism of 81.88% and a PIC value of 0.735. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficients were in the range of 0.42 and 0.98. The UPGMA analysis grouped the 52 accessions into two groups at the cut-off value of 0.54 with 13 and 39 accessions respectively. Population structure analysis also indicated a similar pattern of grouping for two sub-populations. Genetic variation occured within the population (90%). Additionally, the leaf width and the plant height were the two key morphological traits explaining the differences between the two sub-populations, suggesting for use of these traits in the classification and taxonomy of Canna edulis in Vietnam. © 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Society for Plant Research.

关键词： Canna edulis Conservation Genetic diversity ISSR Marker

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6-Methoxyquinoline Immobilized Nylon Sensor for Monitoring Chloride Concentration in Reinforced Concrete

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jeong, Hoseong Jung, Byung Jun Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Kang Su Department of Architectural Engineering and Smart City Interdisciplinary Major Program University of Seoul 163 Seoulsiripdaero Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Seoul 163 Seoulsiripdaero Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Architectural Engineering University of Seoul 163 Siripdae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of

An excess in the threshold concentration of chloride in concrete leads to the initiation of reinforcement corrosion, which in turn results in a reduction in the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete(RC) structures. Accordingly, the chloride concentration of RC is periodically investigated via a destructive method, but this process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. In order to overcome the limitations, this study sought to develop an optical chloride sensor that can be used in structural health monitoring. To this end, nylon was functionalized using formaldehyde and epichlorohydrine, after which 6-methoxy quinoline was covalently immobilized to manufacture a sensor. The developed sensor was found to be capable of measuring chloride concentrations (0~5,000mM) and exhibited rapid responsiveness and reversibility. In addition, the developed sensor also showed a stable response even when exposed to the pH 13.4 environment for three months, and it could detect changes in chloride concentration even inside the mortar. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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The Impact of Greening Strategies on Temperature Reduction at Bus Stop Utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (Cfd) Analysis

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kim, Na Youn Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seokhwan Lee, Dong Kun Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

This study analyzed the effectiveness of a vegetation strategy for mitigating heat within a bus stop shelter by implementing vegetation wind permeability and transpiration cooling processes using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. In scenario 1, a pot-type vertical greening system (VGS) without wind permeability had no significant effect on temperature reduction in the bus stop shelter. In contrast, scenario 2, with a mesh VGS allowing wind permeability, resulted in an average temperature reduction of 0.16°C within the interior area of the bus stop shelter, accompanied by shelter improved ventilation. Scenario 3, which entailed the removal of the shelter and the planting of trees, resulted in the least reduction in wind speed and an average temperature reduction of 0.14°C in the bus waiting area. Scenario 2 demonstrated the most effective temperature reduction for interior and surrounding area of the bus stop. Considering the normal effective temperature (NET), Scenario 3 provided the lowest sensation temperature. This indicates that the improved ventilation in Scenario 3 had a substantial impact on NET. Considering the effects of the vegetation strategies proposed in this study, it is essential to select suitable strategies for heat mitigation in bus-stop shelters based on regional and spatial considerations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Developing a Proximate Component Prediction Model of Biomass Based on Element Analysis

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Park, Sunyong Kim, Seok Jun Oh, Kwang Cheol Cho, Lahoon Jeon, Young Kwang Lee, Chung Geon Lee, DaeHyun Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of

Interest in biomass has increased due to the current environmental issues, and biomass calculation is usually performed using element and proximate analyses to ascertain its fuel characteristics. Mainly, element component prediction models were developed based on proximate analysis, and few studies were conducted for predicting proximate components based on element analysis. Hence, this study developed the proximate component prediction model following the calorific value calculation. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that volatile matter (VM) and fixed carbon (FC) were positively correlated with hydrogen and oxygen, and with carbon, respectively. Thus, the model correlation was developed using a combination of the ‘stepwise’ and ‘enter’ methods along with linear or nonlinear regressions. Optimal model was developed for VM and ash content (Ash). The optimal model for VM showed R2 0.9402, RMSE 7.0063, AAE 14.8170%, and ABE -11.7862%. For Ash, the values were: R2 0.9249, RMSE 2.9614, AAE 168.9028%, and ABE 167.2849%, and the values for FC were: R2 9505, RMSE 6.3214, AAE 18.3199%, and ABE 15.0094%. This study can predict the proximate component by element analysis. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomass

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Development of novel gene carrier using modified nano hydroxyapatite derived from equine bone for osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第9期6卷 2742-2751页

作者： Myung Chul Lee Hoon Seonwoo Kyoung Je Jang Shambhavi Pandey Jaewoon Lim Sangbae Park Jae Eun Kim Yun-Hoon Choung Pankaj Garg Jong Hoon Chung Department of Biosystems&Biomaterials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Biosystems Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Industrial Machinery Engineering Sunchon National University315 Maegok-dongSunchon57922Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Sunchon National UniversitySuncheon57922Republic of Korea Division of Agro-system Engineering Gyeongsang National University501 Jinju-daeroJinju52828Republic of Korea Institute of Agriculture&Life Science Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju52828Republic of Korea Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Otolaryngology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon16499Republic of Korea Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine Bk21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical SciencesSuwon16499Republic of Korea BK21 Global Smart Farm Educational Research Center Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea

Hydroxyapatite(HA)is a representative substance that induces bone *** research team extracted nanohydroxyapatite(EH)from natural resources,especially equine bones,and developed it as a molecular biological ***(PEI)was used to coat the EH to develop a gene *** verify that PEI is well coated in the EH,we first observed the morphology and dispersity of PEI-coated EH(pEH)by electron *** pEH particles were well distributed,while only the EH particles were not distributed and ***,the existence of nitrogen elements of PEI on the surface of the pEH was confirmed by EDS,calcium concentration measurement and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).Additionally,the pEH was confirmed to have a more positive charge than the 25 kD PEI by comparing the zeta *** a result of pGL3 transfection,pEH was better able to transport genes to cells than 25 kD *** verification as a gene carrier for pEH,we induced osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs by loading the BMP-2 gene in pEH(BMP-2/pEH)and delivering it to the *** a result,it was confirmed that osteogenic differentiation was promoted by showing that the expression of osteopontin(OPN),osteocalcin(OCN),and runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2)was significantly increased in the group treated with BMP-2/*** conclusion,we have not only developed a novel nonviral gene carrier that is better performing and less toxic than 25 kD PEI by modifying natural HA(the agricultural byproduct)but also proved that bone differentiation can be effectively promoted by delivering BMP-2 with pEH to stem cells.

关键词： Nanocomposites Biomedical applications Hydroxyapatite Polyethyleneimine Gene carrier Osteogenic differentiation

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Sequential Action-Based Dynamic Decision-Support Model for Urban Ecological Planning

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Kim, Ji Yeon Thorne, James H. Hyun, Jung Hee Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution Team SK forest Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California One Shields Ave DavisCA95616 United States Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Decision-makers often encounter the challenge of efficient long-term ecological planning to consider economic and environmental trade-offs. However, tools to support stepwise mitigation strategies that account for dynamic ecological responses to continuing urban development are limited. Therefore, we developed a sequential action-based dynamic decision-making model to simulate stepwise mitigation measures in space over time using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. We focused on exploring the ecological corridors and habitat creation as mitigation measures through four decades to identify trade-offs and optimal plans that minimize landscape connectivity and edge density as ecological responses to urban development and minimize implementation costs per action. The results showed that adopting an initial low-investment strategy with sequential planning significantly enhanced potential ecological benefits beyond the 2000s compared with one-action planning. In contrast, the initial high-cost investment exhibited a gradual decline in the ecological benefits over time from 1995. The initial low-cost investment presented an opportunity to enhance ecological benefits by implementing early mitigation measures in locations capable of sustaining long-term ecological functions. The results suggest that sequential planning offers valuable insights into effective urban ecological planning by analyzing time-series data. This study enables step-by-step scenario testing, thereby supporting the facilitation of urban and regional sustainability planning. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Landscape Design for Improved Thermal Environment: An Optimized Tree Arrangement Design for Climate-Responsive Outdoor Spaces in Residential Buildings

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Ji Yeon Park, Chae Yeon Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Sang Hyuck Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution team SK forest Seoul Korea Republic of National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8506 Japan Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

The heat reduction effect of trees has been investigated through numerical simulations;however, there are still challenges to applying the scientific results to the planning process due to the model's complexity and the computational resources required. This study investigates a rapid spatial evaluation method for heat stress potential, measured by mean radiant temperature (MRT), by decomposing radiation into sub-radiation using a multilayer MRT model. This method also enables the reproduction of optimized layouts considering the effect of tree arrangement in residential buildings. Multi-objectives were achieved through an evolutionary algorithm, resulting in more effective design layouts combining tree types and arrangements, all within a standard budget. By adopting this study's approach, landscape designers can create climate-responsive tree layouts with reduced heat exposure and generate customized planting designs tailored to their preferences. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Development of a Greenhouse Environmental Forecasting Model Using Machine Learning to Optimize Energy Consumption

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Oh, Kwang Cheol Park, Sun Yong Kim, Seok Jun Cho, La Hoon Lee, Chung Geon Kim, Dae Hyun Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National University Hyoja 2 Dong 192-1 Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Jeonju54874 Korea Republic of

In this study, we developed a simulation model of the internal environment of greenhouses using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The research was conducted to optimize energy consumption through smart agriculture applications. A prediction model was established using a basic machine learning time-series algorithm, followed by the development of forecasting models through gap-labeling feature analysis. Data were collected from greenhouses equipped with heating systems over 55 days. Iterative learning was conducted using 7 days of training data and 1day d of validation data, resulting in 48 models (average r2 = 0.77, RMSE = 1.43). Implementing data-driven predictive control with the developed forecasting model can help achieve energy savings of approximately 15%. An effective energy management in greenhouse environments can be realized through control using AI-based forecasting models. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Prediction models

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Research and Technology Trend Analysis by Big Data-Based smart Livestock Technology: a Review

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Journal of Biosystems Engineering 2021年第4期46卷 386-398页

作者： Kim, Min-Jee Mo, Changyeun Kim, Hyeon Tae Cho, Byoung-Kwan Hong, Soon-Jung Lee, Dae Hyun Shin, Chang-Seop Jang, Kyoung Je Kim, Yong-Hyeon Baek, Insuck Department of Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Kangwon National University 1 KNU Ave. Gangwon Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National University 1 KNU Ave. Chuncheon24314 Korea Republic of Gyeongsangnam-do Jinju52828 Korea Republic of Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering College of Agricultural and Life Science Chungnam National University 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries 1515 Kongjwipatjwi-ro Deokjin-gu Jeollabuk-do Jeonju-si54874 Korea Republic of Department of Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture Life & Environment Science Chungbuk National University 1 Chungdae-ro Seowon-gu Chungbuk Cheongju28644 Korea Republic of Department of Bioindustrial Machinery Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Jeonbuk National University Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu Jeollabuk-do Jeonju-si54896 Korea Republic of USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory Beltsville Agricultural Research Center BeltsvilleMD20705 United States

Purpose: This study introduces the global research and technological trends related to various kinds of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) used and applied in the livestock industry by improving productivity via breeding, disease and optimal environment control, and smart business management. Method: Prior research data was collected using "ICT," "IoT," "information technology (IT)," "ubiquitous technology," "smart livestock," and "big data" as main keywords. Results: Most livestock farms in Korea adopt smart livestock technology that are mostly used in the 1st or 1.5th generations, while continuous developments are being carried out for technologies of the 2nd and 3rd generations. In the livestock house, camera vision, radio-frequency identification (RFID), beacon sensors, and environmental sensors are used in livestock farms and houses to collect information compiled into a database to introduce an automated system for livestock management. Conclusion: The data collected from each individual and farm can enable precise breeding and ultimately improve the productivity and efficiency of smart livestock systems. It is necessary to prepare a systematic system at the national level for data collection, ownership, and sharing to improve the productivity and efficiency of the smart livestock system. © 2021, The Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery.

关键词： Environmental management

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