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Chitosan-Unripe banana peel powder (UBPP) as a candidate for antibacterial wound dressing

AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2536卷

作者： Andi Bagus Rahmawan Prihartini Widiyanti Dyah Hikmawati Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Faculty of Advance Technology and Multidiscipline Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Physics Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Wound infections have spread seriously worldwide, especially in Indonesia. Based on the Basic Health Survey conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, shows that the prevalence of injuries tends to be high in Indonesia. Therefore, proper wound care is needed to prevent the wound from infection or other unwanted things. Various studies have been conducted to optimize the wound healing process. It is expected that materials that meet the standards for wound dressings will be produced using natural materials such as chitosan and banana peel. The purpose of this study is to confirm the change of unripe banana peel powder (UBPP) in the chitosan/UBPP dressing film. The changes in the concentration used were 0, 9, 10, and 11% wt. Membrane results were characterized by FTIR, SEM, tensile strength, cytotoxicity, swelling, and antibacterial tests. Based on tests in the functional group of FTIR, at a concentration of 10% wt UBPP showed an interaction between banana peel powder and chitosan at a wavelength of 3174.83 cm−1. The results of the SEM form of the 10% wt chitosan/UBPP sample showed a good interfacial appearance. Based on the tensile strength test, it can be seen that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value increases with the addition of the concentration of unripe banana peel powder (UBPP) and it can be seen that the UTS value has met the tensile strength standard. Cytotoxicity studies have shownthat all four samples are non-toxic, with more than 60% of live cells in the four samples. The addition of unripe banana peel powder reduces the swelling properties of water from the wound dressing. Antibacterial test results Synergistic results were shown for the highest antibacterial activity at a concentration of UBPP 11% wt.

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An Immersed Interface Method for Incompressible Flows and Geometries with Sharp Features

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Facci, Michael J. Kolahdouz, Ebrahim M. Griffith, Boyce E. Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Flatiron Institute Simons Foundation New YorkNY United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel HillNC United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel HillNC United States McAllister Heart Institute University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel HillNC United States

The immersed interface method (IIM) for models of fluid flow and fluid-structure interaction imposes jump conditions that capture stress discontinuities generated by forces that are concentrated along immersed boundaries. Most prior work using the IIM for fluid dynamic applications has focused on smooth interfaces, but boundaries with sharp features such as corners and edges can appear in practical analyses, particularly on engineered structures. The present study builds on our work to integrate finite element-type representations of interface geometries with the IIM. Initial realizations of this approach used a continuous Galerkin (CG) finite element discretization for the boundary, but as we show herein, these approaches generate large errors near sharp geometrical features. To overcome this difficulty, this study introduces an IIM approach using discontinuous Galerkin (DG) representation of the jump conditions. Numerical examples explore the impacts of different interface representations on accuracy for both smooth and sharp boundaries, particularly flows interacting with fixed interface configurations. We demonstrate that using a DG approach provides accuracy that is comparable to the CG method for smooth cases. Further, we identify a time step size restriction for the CG representation that is directly related to the sharpness of the geometry. In contrast, time step size restrictions imposed by DG representations are demonstrated to be insensitive to the presence of sharp *** Codes 76-10 (Primary) 76D05 (Secondary) © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Incompressible flow

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Revitalization of the ergo-spiritual oriented Melukat place improves physiological fitness and community care attitude on the maintenance and conservation of water resources

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3132卷

作者： I. Made Sutajaya I. Wayan Sukra Warpala Ni Putu Sri Arnita Ni Luh Putu Mia Lestari Devi Ni Made Gandhi Sanjiwani Ni Made Citra Aryani Biology Education Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja Bali Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Bali Dwipa University Denpasar Bali Indonesia Occupational Health and Safety Study Program Bali International University Denpasar Bali Indonesia

The purpose of the study was to prove that the revitalization of the ergo-spiritually oriented Melukat place can improve the physiological fitness and caring attitude of the community towards the maintenance and preservation of Water Resources in Peliatan Village. The method used is a quasi-experimental and the research design is a posttest only group design. The independent variables, revitalization of the Melukat site ergo-spiritually oriented and the dependent variables: (1) physiological fitness with indicators of pulse rate, musculoskeletal complaints, and respiration frequency; (2) community understanding of water resources maintenance strategies; and (3) community care attitude towards water resources maintenance strategy. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively by looking for the percentage change and continued with the paired t difference test because the data were normally distributed at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that: (1) there was a significant increase in physiological fitness (p<0.05) seen from the improvement in physiological responses to: (a) pulse rate as a physiological load parameter by 15.3%, (b) musculoskeletal system by 17.2%, and (c) respiratory frequency of 11.5%, (2) attitude of caring for the community towards the maintenance strategy of 27.8%, and (3) preparedness of community care for the preservation of Water Resources by 23.6% between before and after revitalization. The conclusion, that the revitalization of the ergo-spiritually oriented Melukat place can improve physiological fitness and people's caring attitudes towards the maintenance and preservation of Water Resources.

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M2FN: Multi-step modality fusion for advertisement image assessment

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Park, Kyung-Wha Ha, Jung-Woo Lee, JungHoon Kwon, Sunyoung Kim, Kyung-Min Zhang, Byoung-Tak Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience Seoul National University Korea Republic of NAVER AI LAB NAVER CLOVA Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil University Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Surromind Robotics

Assessing advertisements, specifically on the basis of user preferences and ad quality, is crucial to the marketing industry. Although recent studies have attempted to use deep neural networks for this purpose, these studies have not utilized image-related auxiliary attributes, which include embedded text frequently found in ad images. We, therefore, investigated the influence of these attributes on ad image preferences. First, we analyzed large-scale real-world ad log data and, based on our findings, proposed a novel multi-step modality fusion network (M2FN) that determines advertising images likely to appeal to user preferences. Our method utilizes auxiliary attributes through multiple steps in the network, which include conditional batch normalization-based low-level fusion and attention-based high-level fusion. We verified M2FN on the AVA dataset, which is widely used for aesthetic image assessment, and then demonstrated that M2FN can achieve state-of-the-art performance in preference prediction using a real-world ad dataset with rich auxiliary attributes. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Marketing

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Load Factor Improvement of the Electricity Grid Considering Distributed Resources Operation and Regulation of Peak Load

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Cerna, Fernando Vladimir Naderi, Ehsan Marzband, Mousa Contreras, Javier Coêlho, John K. Fantesia, Maurício P. Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Roraima Boa Vista69310-000 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources Research Area in Management and Dynamics of Natural Resources – Renewable Energies Federal University of Roraima Av. Nova Iorque – Aeroporto Boa Vista69310-000 Brazil School of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Southern Illinois University CarbondaleIL62901 United States Department of Mathematics Physics and Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Environment Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneNE1 8ST United Kingdom School of Industrial Engineering University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real13071 Spain

The load factor (LF) of an electricity network (EN) is an indicator related to the efficient electricity usage within a time horizon (e.g., day, month, year, etc.). LF improvement can be achieved through an efficient operational scheme that combines several strategies. Among them, peak load regulation in the demand profile of all the consumers together with the operation of distributed resources (DREs), such as renewable sources (RSs) and capacitor banks (CBs) represents a promising alternative. To address this efficient scheme, this work proposes a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that aims to increase the LF through the bulk scheduling of residential, commercial, and industrial electrical appliances during the day, considering a baseline demand and an hourly rate. At the same time, voltage fluctuations and technical losses are mitigated by the presence of DREs in the EN. Operational constraints related to the performance of EN, RSs, and CBs are considered. Uncertainties in the habitual demand profiles and solar radiation incidence during the day are represent through simulation algorithms. In order to evaluate our proposal, a modified 14-node IEEE EN was used. The results corroborate the applicability of this proposed MILP model, reducing electricity waste and ensuring the efficient EN operation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Integer programming

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Load Factor Improvement of the Electricity Grid Considering Distributed Resources Operation and Regulation of Peak Load

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

关键词： Integer programming

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The effects of UV light wavelength and distance differences in viral genetic material integrity

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3155卷

作者： Arya Adiningrat Ahmad Ghitha Fadhlurrahman Yuli Rismawanto Tony Khristanto Hariadi Maria Ulfa Rama Okta Wiyagi Muhammad Yusvin Mustar Molecular Medicine and Therapy Laboratory Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia Master of Hospital Administration Postgraduate Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Bantul Indonesia

The pandemic has shown viral capacity in massive spreading and environmental adaptability for years. It has infected millions of people with several symptoms leading to millions of mortality worldwide. Its fast-spreading capacity, unpredictability prognosis and variants appearance are leading big threats, particularly to the health facilities. Therefore, appropriate health protection equipment, including adequate and safe decontamination procedures, is required to support the facilities in overcoming potential future contaminating pathogens. Unfortunately, only a few studies evaluated the utilization of medical decontamination devices. Rapid and massive manufacturing of decontamination devices without further and adequate post-monitoring may have several side effects. Therefore, careful and continuing consideration and evaluation studies are necessary to maintain the devices’ quality and performance. This study aims to evaluate the ability of UV lights as laboratory devices to impair viral components. Clinical RNA samples were provided by the COVID-19 laboratory examiner as blinded samples without any subject information. SARS-CoV2 RNA (a viral representative RNA material) extract was exposed to 5 different UV lights, with different distances and exposure duration. The exposed RNA was then sequentially used as a cDNA template and DNA amplification. Amplification products were visualized by electrophoresis and densitometry analysis. Visualization and densitometry analysis showed that the UV-LED Nichia NCSU 334 had the most significant disruptive ability among the tested lights. The exposure duration and distance altered the effectiveness of UV light in damaging viral genetic material. UV-LED Nichia NCSU 334 could be suggested as an alternative UV source in a UV light-based disinfection system. This study proposed direct evidence for evaluating decontamination devices to ensure the effectiveness of the decontamination process.

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Radiation tolerance study of scintillation properties with 6 MeV electron beam on inorganic scintillators

Radiation tolerance study of scintillation properties with 6...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： C. Park S. Kim J. Seo M. Alima H. Kim H. Park K. Lee S. Cho J.-Y. Yeom Global Health Technology Research Center Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Dong-Gu Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seongbuk-Gu Republic of Korea

The radiation tolerance of several inorganic scintillators was investigated to ensure their reproducibility in electron beam exposure. LuAG:Pr, GPS:Ce, LYSO:Ce, GAGG:Ce single, and GAGG:Ce ceramic scintillators were prepared with all faces polished mechanically and thermally annealed. Electron beam exposures at 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 3000 Gy were conducted using a 6 MeV clinical electron beam from a Varian Novalis Tx linear accelerator with a 270-degree bending magnet. Energy spectra were acquired by exciting a 137 Cs source coupled to a photomultiplier tube (PMT) kept in the dark box with a biased high voltage of -900 V. The relative light output of GPS:Ce and LuAG:Pr compared to the baseline decreased steadily after electron beam exposure, recording 66.2% and 56.9%, respectively, at a dose of 3 kGy. The transmittance and photoluminescence of these scintillators also deteriorated with increasing crystallographic defects. In contrast, LYSO:Ce and GAGG:Ce scintillators demonstrated high tolerance to electron beams. Thermal annealing was shown to restore the scintillation properties of the degraded scintillators. These findings provide valuable insights into the radiation tolerance of inorganic scintillators and have implications for the design of radiation detectors for various applications, including radiation therapy and aerospace. Using inorganic scintillators in radiation therapy is particularly critical for estimating radiation exposure. The potential of these scintillators in aerospace applications will also be explored based on the promising results of this study.

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The effect of catalyst concentration in poly lactic acid synthesis from L-lactide using Candida rugosa lipase and DMA (dimethylacetamide) solvent through ring-opening polymerization (ROP)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2493卷

作者： Cynthia Laurent Santoso Catia Angli Curie Yusuf Arya Ramadhan Muhammad Arif Darmawan Misri Gozan 1Bioprocess Engineering Program Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia 2Research Centre for Biomedical Engineer Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru Depok 16424 Indonesia

Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) is a polymer that can be used as an alternative to fossil-based plastics. PLA is the right solution because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and processability. PLA synthesis process is more often carried out using the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) pathway since it allows to produce a high molecular weight PLA. This study used Candida rugosa lipase as a green catalyst and DMA (Dimethylacetamide) as the solvent in the ROP of L-lactide. The observations were made by varying the catalyst ratio at 2, 5, and 10% w/w. The obtained PLA was characterized using H-NMR (H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) to estimate the average number molecular weight (Mn) and monomer conversion, and GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) was also used to determine the number average and weight average molecular weight (Mn and Mw) of the PLA. It was found that the optimal catalyst ratio when the polymerization was performed at 80℃ for 3 days was 5%w/w.

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Left atrial wall thickness and its relationship with reconnection after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation evaluated using a three-dimensional wall thickness map

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International Journal of Arrhythmia 2021年第1期22卷 1-13页

作者： Oh, Seil Joo, Yoon Ha Lee, Euijae Lee, So-Ryoung Cha, Myung-Jin Choi, Eue-Keun Lee, Jung Chan Lee, Whal Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Department of Radiology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea

The major cause of recurrence after pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is PV reconnection, and thicker wall could be associated with reconnection. This study aimed to evaluate the wall thickness of the PV antrum in reconnection sites using a three-dimensional (3D) wall thickness map. A total of 91 patients who underwent a second ablation procedure due to AF recurrence were evaluated. The locations of the PV reconnection sites were confirmed in electroanatomical maps. A 3D atrial wall thickness (AWT) map was created using computed tomography scan data. The AWT values of the ablation lines of the index procedure were graded in each segment of the PV antrum: grade 1, 0.5 < AWT ≤ 1.0 mm; grade 2, 1.0 < AWT ≤ 1.5 mm; grade 3, 1.5 < AWT ≤ 2.0 mm; grade 4, 2.0 < AWT ≤ 2.5 mm; grade 5, AWT > 2.5 mm. A total of 281 PV reconnection sites among 1256 segments of the PV antrum in 79 patients were detected. The average AWT grades were 2.7 ± 1.0 and 2.2 ± 1.0 in the reconnected and non-reconnected segments, respectively (P < 0.01). Higher AWT grades were observed in the reconnected superior segments of the left superior PV, carina and inferior segments of the left inferior PV, superior and posterior segments of the right superior PV, and posterior and inferior segments of the right inferior PV. The reconnected segments of the PV antrum showed thicker myocardium than the non-reconnected ones in patients with recurrent AF after catheter ablation. A wall thickness map for PV isolation could be considered for customized ablation in order to reduce PV reconnection.

关键词： Catheter ablation Atrial fibrillation Pulmonary vein Wall thickness

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