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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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Adverse events following the first, second and third doses of a COVID-19 vaccine in hemodialysis patients

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Renal failure 2023年第1期45卷 2172432页

作者： Mei-Fen Pai Kuei-Ting Tung Shih-Ping Hsu Yu-Sen Peng Wan-Yu Lin Ju-Yeh Yang Hon-Yen Wu Yen-Ling Chiu Kai-Hsiang Shu Wan-Chuan Tsai Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan. Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine Taipei City Taiwan. School of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei City Taiwan. Department of Applied Cosmetology Lee-Ming Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan. Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan. Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan. Center for General Education Lee-Ming Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan. Faculty of Medicine School of Medicine National Yang-Ming University Taipei City Taiwan. Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan.

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to identify adverse events following the first three doses of COVID-19 vaccines in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Risk factors associated with postvaccination adverse events were explored. METHODS:Postvaccination adverse events in 438 HD patients who received 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccines were prospectively assessed. The adverse events among three doses were compared using generalized linear mixed models. Factors associated with adverse events were assessed with multivariate analyses. RESULTS:The vast majority of participants received Oxford/AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 as their first two doses and Moderna mRNA-1273 as their third dose. Overall, 79%, 50% and 84% of the participants experienced at least one adverse event after their first, second, and third doses, respectively. These adverse events were mostly minor, short-lived and less than 5% reported daily activities being affected. Compared with the first dose, the second dose caused a lower rate of adverse events. Compared with the first dose, the third dose elicited a higher rate of injection site reactions and a lower rate of systemic reactions. Multivariate analyses showed that every 10-year increase of age (odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence intervals 0.57-0.79) was associated with decreased risk of adverse events, while female sex (2.82, 1.90-4.18) and arteriovenous fistula (1.73, 1.05-2.84) were associated with increased risk of adverse events. Compared with Oxford/AstraZeneca ChAdOx1, Moderna mRNA-1273 was associated with an increased risk of injection site reactions. CONCLUSIONS:COVID-19 vaccination was well tolerated in HD patients. Age, sex, dialysis vascular access and vaccine types were associated with postvaccination adverse events.

关键词： COVID-19 ChAdOx1 Hemodialysis adverse event mRNA-1273 vaccination

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AIRR community curation and standardised representation for immunoglobulin and T cell receptor germline sets

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Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2023年 10卷 100025页

作者： William D Lees Scott Christley Ayelet Peres Justin T Kos Brian Corrie Duncan Ralph Felix Breden Lindsay G Cowell Gur Yaari Martin Corcoran Gunilla B Karlsson Hedestam Mats Ohlin Andrew M Collins Corey T Watson Christian E Busse Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology Birkbeck College London England. Human-Centered Computing and Information Science Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal. Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA. Bioengineering Program Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics School of Medicine University of Louisville KY USA. Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA USA. Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health Department of Immunology School of Biomedical Sciences UT Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA. Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Swede. Department of Immunotechnology and SciLifeLab Lund University Lund Sweden. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia. Division of B Cell Immunology German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany.

Analysis of an individual's immunoglobulin or T cell receptor gene repertoire can provide important insights into immune function. High-quality analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing data depends upon accurate and relatively complete germline sets, but current sets are known to be incomplete. Established processes for the review and systematic naming of receptor germline genes and alleles require specific evidence and data types, but the discovery landscape is rapidly changing. To exploit the potential of emerging data, and to provide the field with improved state-of-the-art germline sets, an intermediate approach is needed that will allow the rapid publication of consolidated sets derived from these emerging sources. These sets must use a consistent naming scheme and allow refinement and consolidation into genes as new information emerges. Name changes should be minimised, but, where changes occur, the naming history of a sequence must be traceable. Here we outline the current issues and opportunities for the curation of germline IG/TR genes and present a forward-looking data model for building out more robust germline sets that can dovetail with current established processes. We describe interoperability standards for germline sets, and an approach to transparency based on principles of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability.

关键词： AIRR-seq Immune receptor Immune receptor germline Immune receptor repertoire Rep-seq

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Automatic detection of ischemic stroke based on scaling exponent electroencephalogram using extreme learning machine 5

Automatic detection of ischemic stroke based on scaling expo...

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5th International Conference on Science and engineering in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics 2017, ScieTech 2017

作者： Adhi, H.A. Wijaya, S.K. Prawito Badri, C. Rezal, M. Biomedical Engineering Master Program Universitas Indonesia Jakarta Indonesia Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Indonesia West Java Indonesia

Stroke is one of cerebrovascular diseases caused by the obstruction of blood flow to the brain. Stroke becomes the leading cause of death in Indonesia and the second in the world. Stroke also causes of the disability. Ischemic stroke accounts for most of all stroke cases. Obstruction of blood flow can cause tissue damage which results the electrical changes in the brain that can be observed through the electroencephalogram (EEG). In this study, we presented the results of automatic detection of ischemic stroke and normal subjects based on the scaling exponent EEG obtained through detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) using extreme learning machine (ELM) as the classifier. The signal processing was performed with 18 channels of EEG in the range of 0-30 Hz. Scaling exponents of the subjects were used as the input for ELM to classify the ischemic stroke. The performance of detection was observed by the value of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The result showed, performance of the proposed method to classify the ischemic stroke was 84 % for accuracy, 82 % for sensitivity and 87 % for specificity with 120 hidden neurons and sine as the activation function of ELM. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Acoustic Microflows: Dancing with the Cells: Acoustic Microflows Generated by Oscillating Cells (Small 9/2020)

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Small 2020年第9期16卷

作者： Alinaghi Salari Sila Appak-Baskoy Maya Ezzo Boris Hinz Michael C. Kolios Scott S. H. Tsai Institute for Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology (iBEST) Toronto ON M5B 1T8 Canada Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Ryerson University Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada Department of Chemistry and Biology Ryerson University Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1G6 Canada Faculty of Dentistry Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) University of Toronto Toronto ON M5G 1G6 Canada Department of Physics Ryerson University Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson University Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

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Evaluation of Piezoelectric Ta_2O_5 Thin Films Using Line-Focus-Beam Ultrasonic Material Characterization System

Evaluation of Piezoelectric Ta_2O_5 Thin Films Using Line-Fo...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Ryota Suenaga Masahi Suzuki Shoji Kakio Yuji Ohashi Mototaka Arakawa Jun-Ichi Kushibiki Engineering and Agricultural Sciences University of Yamanashi Kofu Japan Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research University of Yamanashi Kofu Japan New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe) Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan Graduate school of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Japan

A line-focus-beam ultrasonic material character-rization (LFB-UMC) system provides the velocities and normalized attenuation factor of leaky surface acoustic waves (LSAWs) excited on a water-loaded material surface. The normalized attenuation factor includes leakage loss into water because LSAWs propagate at the boundary between the water and the material. Therefore, to evaluate acoustical loss using the LFB-UMC system, it is necessary to subtract the calculated leakage loss from the measured attenuation. In this study, the evaluation of the acoustical loss of a thin film was examined using an X-axis-oriented tantalum pentoxide (Ta_2O_5) thin film, but the normalized attenuation factor calculated using the determined material constants was larger than the measured normalized attenuation factor because some material constants could not be accurately determined. However, since the characteristics of high-order LSAWs vary considerably, different elastic properties were observed from those in previous study. Comparing the elastic constants determined from the measured results with the reported values, C_(12) and C_(55) were 35% and 14% smaller than the previous values, respectively. By measuring multiple SAW modes, it was observed that some elastic constants greatly differed from those in the previous study.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays

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Author Correction: Battery-free, wireless soft sensors for continuous multi-site measurements of pressure and temperature from patients at risk for pressure injuries

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Nature communications 2021年第1期12卷 6827页

作者： Yong Suk Oh Jae-Hwan Kim Zhaoqian Xie Seokjoo Cho Hyeonseok Han Sung Woo Jeon Minsu Park Myeong Namkoong Raudel Avila Zhen Song Sung-Uk Lee Kabseok Ko Jungyup Lee Je-Sang Lee Weon Gi Min Byeong-Ju Lee Myungwoo Choi Ha Uk Chung Jongwon Kim Mengdi Han Jahyun Koo Yeon Sik Choi Sung Soo Kwak Sung Bong Kim Jeonghyun Kim Jungil Choi Chang-Mo Kang Jong Uk Kim Kyeongha Kwon Sang Min Won Janice Mihyun Baek Yujin Lee So Young Kim Wei Lu Abraham Vazquez-Guardado Hyoyoung Jeong Hanjun Ryu Geumbee Lee Kyuyoung Kim Seunghwan Kim Min Seong Kim Jungrak Choi Dong Yun Choi Quansan Yang Hangbo Zhao Wubin Bai Hokyung Jang Yongjoon Yu Jaeman Lim Xu Guo Bong Hoon Kim Seokwoo Jeon Charles Davies Anthony Banks Hyung Jin Sung Yonggang Huang Inkyu Park John A Rogers Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics Northwestern University Evanston IL USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL USA. Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern University Evanston IL USA. State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian People's Republic of China. Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo People's Republic of China. Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA. Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daejeon Republic of Korea. Qualcomm Institute La Jolla CA USA. Sibel Health Inc Niles IL USA. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital Gimhae Republic of Korea. Department of Planning and Development Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital Gimhae Republic of Korea. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Pusan national university hospital Busan Republic of Korea. Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea. Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future Technology Peking University Beijing People's Republic of China. School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea. Interdisci

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Prenatal and neonatal complications of COVID-19: A systematic review

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Health science reports 2022年第2期5卷 e510页

作者： Zahra Pashaei SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Kowsar Qaderi Alireza Barzegary Amirali Karimi Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi Pegah Mirzapour Marcarious M Tantuoyir Omid Dadras Zoha Ali Fabricio Voltarelli Esmaeil Mehraeen Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. Department of Midwifery School of Nursing and Midwifery Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran. School of Medicine Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran. School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran. Biomedical Engineering Unit University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC) Accra Ghana. School of Public Health Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat Thailand. Graduation Program of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Mato Grosso Cuiabá Brazil. Department of Health Information Technology Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences Khalkhal Iran.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) over the past year has affected public health worldwide. During pregnancy, the maternal immune system and inflammatory responses are widely suppressed. Pregnancy-related immune system suppression could make the mother vulnerable to infectious diseases like SARS-COV-2. However, current data suggest little to no possibility of COVID-19 transmission in pregnant women to the fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. This systematic review focused on the possible complications of COVID-19 infection in the fetus and newborn babies including the possibility and evidence of vertical transmission by reviewing articles published during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS:We conducted a systematic search using keywords on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. The studies followed a title/abstract and a full-text screening process, and the eligible articles were included in the study. RESULTS:In total, 238 published papers were identified using a systematic search strategy (44 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review). In all studies, a total of 2375 women with signs and symptoms of COVID-19, who were in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, were assessed mild to moderate pneumonia was one of the most common symptoms. Seventy-three percent of the women did not present any comorbidity, 19% had a fever, 17% had to cough as the most frequent clinical signs and symptoms, 7.5% had pulmonary changes with chest scans, 8% had increased C reactive protein, and 9.4% had decreased lymphocytes (lymphocytopenia). A total of 2716 newborns and fetal were assessed; the delivery method of 1725 of them was reported, 913 (53%) through C-section delivery, and 812 through normal vaginal delivery (47%). Of total newborns, 13 died (five died along with the mother), and 1965 were tested for SARS-CoV-2:118 tested positive. In a study, vertical transmission in seven cases was reported

关键词： COVID‐19 SARS‐CoV‐2 fetus neonatal newborn prenatal

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Silicone breast implant modification review: Overcoming capsular contracture

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Biomaterials Research 2018年第1期22卷 319-327页

作者： Shin, Byung Ho Kim, Byung Hwi Kim, Sujin Lee, Kangwon Choy, Young Bin Heo, Chan Yeong Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Biomedical Engineering Seoul 03080 South Korea Seoul National University Department of Transdisciplinary Studies Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul National University Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering College of Engineering Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul National University Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery College of Medicine Seoul 03080 South Korea Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Seongnam 13620 South Korea Seoul National University Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul 03080 South Korea Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16229 South Korea

Background: Silicone implants are biomaterials that are frequently used in the medical industry due to their physiological inertness and low toxicity. However, capsular contracture remains a concern in long-term transplantation. To date, several studies have been conducted to overcome this problem. This review summarizes and explores these trends. Main body: First, we examined the overall foreign body response from initial inflammation to fibrosis capsule formation in detail and introduced various studies to overcome capsular contracture. Secondly, we introduced that the main research approaches are to inhibit fibrosis with anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics, to control the topography of the surface of silicone implants, and to administer plasma treatment. Each study examined aspects of the various mechanisms by which capsular contracture could occur, and addressed the effects of inhibiting fibrosis. Conclusion: This review introduces various silicone surface modification methods to date and examines their limitations. This review will help identify new directions in inhibiting the fibrosis of silicone implants. © 2018 The Author(s).

关键词： Capsular contracture Fibrosis Foreign body reaction Inflammation Modification Silicone implant

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The influence of heating process on anticancer activity of Pterois volitans (red lionfish) venom extraction against human cervical carcinoma cell

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2193卷

作者： Andy Noorsaman Sommeng Mustika Sari Mikael Januardi Ginting Muhamad Sahlan Heri Hermansyah Anondho Wijanarko 1Departement of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia 2Marine Science Postgraduate Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Depok West Java 16424 Universitas Indonesia Indonesia 3Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok West Java 16424 Indonesia

Lionfish (Pterois volitans) is an invasive species originating from Indo-Pacific Sea. The rapid growth and the absence of natural predators cause Lionfish to breed rapidly and reduce the native fish populations by up to 80%. Therefore, the study of the Lionfish must be intensified to obtain the usefulness of these animals. Studies that have stated that the extract of poison lionfish spines has the potential to become an anticancer agent for cervical cancer. The aim of the present work is to Investigation the Anticancer activity of Pterois volitans from Indonesia to human cervical carcinoma cell (HeLa cell). Crude venom (CV) that is resulted from the extraction process by sonicating of fresh venomous Pterois volitans as a sample was used. The PLA 2 sample of crude venom was heated on (50, 55, 60, 65, 70) °C for 30 min and purified by (20, 40, 60, 80) % ammonium sulfate. The concentration and purity are analyzed using Lowry method, Marinette’s, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and toxicity tested using the BSLT method (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). The results of sample testing showed that the sample purified with 80% ammonium sulfate at 70°C had the highest protein activity and purity. After determining the purest and safest sample, the chosen sample then tested into HeLLa cell at 2, 250, 500, and 750 ppm, and compared to the cell control sample. The result has shown that the sample 80% of ammonium sulfate at 70°C is highest inhibition level toward HeLLa cell culture at 750 ppm.

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