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Optimization of DC magnetron sputtering deposition process and surface properties of HA-TiO 2 film

Materials Today: Proceedings 2017年第5期4卷 6372-6380页

作者： P. Premphet M. Prasoetsri D. Boonyawan R. Supruangnet S. Udomsom K. Leksakul Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200Thailand Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization) 111 University Avenue Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Biomedical Engineering Center Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Titanium (Ti) thin film was fabricated by a pulsed DC magnetron sputtering technique. To synthesize a thin film that compatible with bone cell, optimize parameter of the sputtering process and study of the film properties were carried out. The response surface method (RSM) has been applied in this work and there are 3 considering factors: pressure, power level and a distance between target and substrate. The experiment was conducted by a physical property testing to determine young’s modulus and layer components. The result showed that the differentiation of components and film thickness were related to a variation of a surface coating time. A structure of the film was performed by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The analysis showed that HA-TiO 2 film was synthesized in sputtering process and the young’s modulus of the film was higher value compared to the bone. Finally, the result of biological property testing proved that HA-TiO 2 film had a bio-compatible property and UV light affect the TiO 2 composition to be a toxic with bone cell.

关键词： Design of experiment HA-Ti thin film Magnetron sputtering X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy UV light

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Evaluation of biomaterial scaffold delivery of IL-33 as a localized immunomodulatory agent to support cell transplantation in adipose tissue

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Journal of immunology and regenerative medicine 2018年 1卷 1-12页

作者： Jeffrey M H Liu Xiaomin Zhang Shelby Joe Xunrong Luo Lonnie D Shea Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Department of Surgery Division of Transplantation Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA. Center for Kidney Research and Therapeutics Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA. Department of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA.

INTRODUCTION:The development of novel immunomodulatory strategies that might decrease the need for systemic immune suppression would greatly enable the utility of cell-based therapies. Cell transplantation on biomaterial scaffolds offers a unique opportunity to engineer a site to locally polarize immunogenic antigen generation. Herein, we investigated the localized delivery of IL-33, which is a novel cytokine that has been shown to have beneficial immunomodulatory effects in certain transplant models as mediating anti-inflammatory properties in the adipose tissue, to determine its feasibility for use as an immunomodulatory agent. RESULTS:Localized IL-33 delivery from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) scaffolds implanted into the epididymal fat specifically increased the Foxp3+ population of CD4+ T cells in both blank scaffold implants and scaffolds seeded with allogeneic islets. In allogeneic islet transplantation, we found IL-33 delivery results in a local upregulation of graft-protective T cells where 80% of the local CD4+ population is Foxp3+ and overall numbers of graft destructive CD8+ T cells are decreased, resulting in a prolonged graft survival. Interestingly, local IL-33 also delayed islet engraftment by primarily inducing a local upregulation of Th2 cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-5, leading to increased populations of ST2+ Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and Siglec F+ eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that local IL-33 delivery from biomaterial scaffolds can be used to increase Tregs enriched in adipose tissue and reduce graft-destructive T cell populations but may also promote innate cell populations that can delay cell engraftment.

关键词： biomaterials immunomodulation interleukin-33 transplantation

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Efficacy of Bacterial Photodynamic Inactivation with Varying Angle and Time of LED Exposure

Efficacy of Bacterial Photodynamic Inactivation with Varying...

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International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and biomedical engineering (ICICI-BME)

作者： Suryani D. Astuti Winda P. Lestari Deny Arifianto Anggraini Pertiwi Irawan P. Buditomo Nike D.G. Drantantiyas Ernie M. Setiawatie Department of Physics Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia post graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia

Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a bacterium that plays a major role in the occurrence of dental caries. Dental caries is a disease that destroys tooth structure, consequently the tooth becomes perforated as well as the sustainable state of accumulation of S. mutans excess in the oral cavity can cause damage to the tooth nerve. One alternative treatment of caries is Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI). PDI is a method of microbial inactivation using light and photosensitizer (PS). The absorption of light energy by PS molecules can produce reactive oxygen species that will damage the bacterial cells. Clinical antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using a light source is generally performed at various angles of irradiation depending on the position of the tooth. The amis of this study is to analyze the effect of LED lamination angle (450.00 ± 0.21) nm for inactivation of S. mutans by adding PS chlorophylls of Moringa oliefera leaf with concentration 8 mg / ml. Total Plate Count (TPC) was used to determine the decreasement of bacterial viability in CFU / ml. The ANOVA test showed that the irradiation with variation of 90° exposure angle and 180s exposure time potentially inactivated was significantly different with other treatment variation (p

关键词： Light emitting diodes Microorganisms Absorption Teeth Dentistry Lighting

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Correction: Acetyl-CoA metabolism drives epigenome change and contributes to carcinogenesis risk in fatty liver disease

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Genome medicine 2023年第1期15卷 38页

作者： Gabriella Assante Sriram Chandrasekaran Stanley Ng Aikaterini Tourna Carolina H Chung Kowsar A Isse Jasmine L Banks Ugo Soffientini Celine Filippi Anil Dhawan Mo Liu Steven G Rozen Matthew Hoare Peter Campbell J William O Ballard Nigel Turner Margaret J Morris Shilpa Chokshi Neil A Youngson Institute of Hepatology Foundation for Liver Research 111 Coldharbour Lane London SE5 9NT UK. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London UK. Program in Chemical Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Medicine Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Rogel Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Cambridge UK. UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia. Cellular Bioenergetics Laboratory Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute Darlinghurst NSW Australia. Institute of Liver Studies King's College Hospital London UK. Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Singapore. CRUK Cambridge Institute Cambridge UK. Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge UK. Department of Ecology Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Melbourne VIC 3086 Australia. Institute of Hepatology Foundation for Liver Research 111 Coldharbour Lane London SE5 9NT UK. n.youngson@researchinliver.org.uk. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London UK. n.youngson@researchinliver.org.uk. UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia. n.youngson@researchinliver.org.uk.

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Synthetic gene circuits and cellular decision-making in human pluripotent stem cells

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Current Opinion in Systems Biology 2017年 5卷 93-103页

作者： Prochazka, Laura Benenson, Yaakov Zandstra, Peter W. Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3G9 ON Canada Medicine by Design A Canada First Research Excellence Program at the University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3G9 ON Canada Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3E1 ON Canada Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH Zurich Mattenstrasse 26 Basel 4058 Switzerland Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3ES ON Canada School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Applied Science and Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 BC Canada

Precise manipulation of human cell fate is a long-standing goal in biological engineering;it underpins efforts to advance new cellular therapeutics, and to develop disease models for fundamental research. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) are emerging as the cells of choice for many of these applications. Currently, most advanced methods for manipulation of hPSC fate involve recapitulating developmental processes by mimicking stem cell niche-associated signals. Alternately, advances in engineering synthetic decision-making gene circuits provide an approach in which cell fate is directly controlled at the gene expression level. Here, we make the case that integrating these two engineering approaches represents an exciting opportunity to advance our fundamental understanding of cell fate control, and to accelerate new engineering strategies to manipulate cellular behavior for therapy. © 2017.

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Harmonized-Multinational qEEG norms (HarMNqEEG)

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NEUROIMAGE 2022年 256卷 119190-119190页

作者： Li, Min Wang, Ying Lopez-Naranjo, Carlos Hu, Shiang Reyes, Ronaldo Cesar Garcia Paz-Linares, Deirel Areces-Gonzalez, Ariosky Hamid, Aini Ismafairus Abd Evans, Alan C. Savostyanov, Alexander N. Calzada-Reyes, Ana Villringer, Arno Tobon-Quintero, Carlos A. Garcia-Agustin, Daysi Yao, Dezhong Dong, Li Aubert-Vazquez, Eduardo Reza, Faruque Razzaq, Fuleah Abdul Omar, Hazim Abdullah, Jafri Malin Galler, Janina R. Ochoa-Gomez, John F. Prichep, Leslie S. Galan-Garcia, Lidice Morales-Chacon, Lilia Valdes-Sosa, Mitchell J. Trondle, Marius Zulkifly, Mohd Faizal Mohd Rahman, Muhammad Riddha Bin Abdul Milakhina, Natalya S. Langer, Nicolas Rudych, Pavel Koenig, Thomas Virues-Alba, Trinidad A. Lei, Xu Bringas-Vega, Maria L. Bosch-Bayard, Jorge F. Valdes-Sosa, Pedro Antonio [a]The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China [b]Cuban Center for Neurocience La Habana Cuba [c]McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health Montreal Neurological Institute Canada [d]Department of Neurosciences School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [e]Brain and Behaviour Cluster School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [f]Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [g]Humanitarian Institute Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia [h]Laboratory of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine Novosibirsk 630117 Russia [i]Laboratory of Psychological Genetics at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia [j]University of Pinar del Río “Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca” Pinar del Río Cuba [k]Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany [l]Department of Cognitive Neurology University Hospital Leipzig Leipzig Germany [m]Center for Stroke Research Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany [n]Grupo Neuropsicología y Conducta - GRUNECO Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Antioquia Colombia [o]Research Department Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud IPS Universitaria Colombia [p]The Cuban center aging longevity and health Havana Cuba [q]Research Unit of NeuroInformation Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chengdu 2019RU035 China [r]School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 4500

This paper extends frequency domain quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) methods pursuing higher sensitivity to detect Brain Developmental Disorders. Prior qEEG work lacked integration of cross-spectral information omitting important functional connectivity descriptors. Lack of geographical diversity precluded accounting for site-specific variance, increasing qEEG nuisance variance. We ameliorate these weaknesses. (i) Create lifespan Riemannian multinational qEEG norms for cross-spectral tensors. These norms result from the HarMNqEEG project fostered by the Global Brain Consortium. We calculate the norms with data from 9 countries, 12 devices, and 14 studies, including 1564 subjects. Instead of raw data, only anonymized metadata and EEG cross spectral tensors were shared. After visual and automatic quality control, developmental equations for the mean and standard deviation of qEEG traditional and Riemannian DPs were calculated using additive mixed-effects models. We demonstrate qEEG "batch effects " and provide methods to calculate harmonized z-scores. (ii) We also show that harmonized Riemannian norms produce z-scores with increased diagnostic accuracy predicting brain dysfunction produced by malnutrition in the first year of life and detecting COVID induced brain dysfunction. (iii) We offer open code and data to calculate different individual z-scores from the HarMNqEEG dataset. These results contribute to developing bias-free, low-cost neuroimaging technologies applicable in various health settings.

关键词： Quantitative EEG EEG cross-spectrum Riemannian geometry Batch effects Z-score Harmonization Malnutrition Covid induced brain dysfunction Developmental Brain Chart

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Acute Oral Toxicity Test of Nicotiana tabacum L. Bio-Oil Against Female Winstar Rats

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2019年第1期353卷

作者： H N Andjani Y Sentosa K Yati A Fauzantoro M Gozan Y J Yoo Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424 Indonesia Faculty of Pharmacy and Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA Jakarta 13460 Indonesia Development and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424 Indonesia Laboratory for Biotechnology Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) 630 Bld. Kawasan Puspitek Serpong Tangerang Selatan Banten 15314 Indonesia Research Center for Biomedical Engineering (RCBE) Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok 16424 Indonesia Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University I Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

Tobacco plants are notably known for its pesticidal properties, particularly due to its nicotine content. In this study, Nicotiana tabacum L. bio-oil was obtained using pyrolysis technique. The safety of the bio-oil to be used as bioinsecticide was analyzed through acute oral toxicity test by administering 5000 mg bio-oil/kg body weight of female winstar rats that were analogous to humans. It was concluded that the bio-oil was not toxic due to absence of mortality and no significant change in the body weight and behavior of the rats.

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Author Correction: Large-scale benchmarking of circRNA detection tools reveals large differences in sensitivity but not in precision

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Nature methods 2025年第2期22卷 448页

作者： Marieke Vromman Jasper Anckaert Stefania Bortoluzzi Alessia Buratin Chia-Ying Chen Qinjie Chu Trees-Juen Chuang Roozbeh Dehghannasiri Christoph Dieterich Xin Dong Paul Flicek Enrico Gaffo Wanjun Gu Chunjiang He Steve Hoffmann Osagie Izuogu Michael S Jackson Tobias Jakobi Eric C Lai Justine Nuytens Julia Salzman Mauro Santibanez-Koref Peter Stadler Olivier Thas Eveline Vanden Eynde Kimberly Verniers Guoxia Wen Jakub Westholm Li Yang Chu-Yu Ye Nurten Yigit Guo-Hua Yuan Jinyang Zhang Fangqing Zhao Jo Vandesompele Pieter-Jan Volders OncoRNALab Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG) Department of Biomolecular Medicine Ghent University Ghent Belgium. Department of Molecular Medicine University of Padova Padova Italy. Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan. Institute of Crop Science and Institute of Bioinformatics Zhejiang University Zhejiang China. Department of Biomedical Data Science and of Biochemistry Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Klaus Tschira Institute for Integrative Computational Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital Heidelberg German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Heidelberg Germany. School of Basic Medical Science Department of Medical Genetics Wuhan University Wuhan China. EMBL-EBI Hinxton UK. Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China. Computational Biology Group Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) Jena Germany. Biosciences Institute Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle UK. Translational Cardiovascular Research Center University of Arizona - College of Medicine Phoenix Phoenix AZ USA. Sloan Kettering Institute New York NY USA. Bioinformatics Group Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics Universität Leipzig Leipzig Germany. Data Science Institute I-Biostat Hasselt University Hasselt Belgium. State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden. Center for Molecular Medicine Children's Hospital Fudan University and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics International Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metab

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TDP-43 loss and ALS-risk SNPs drive mis-splicing and depletion of UNC13A (vol 603, pg 131, 2022)

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NATURE 2024年第8020期631卷 E7-E7页

作者： Brown, Anna-Leigh Wilkins, Oscar G. Keuss, Matthew J. Hill, Sarah E. Zanovello, Matteo Lee, Weaverly Colleen Bampton, Alexander Lee, Flora C. Y. Masino, Laura Qi, Yue A. Bryce-Smith, Sam Gatt, Ariana Hallegger, Martina Fagegaltier, Delphine Phatnani, Hemali Phatnani, Hemali Newcombe, Jia Gustavsson, Emil K. Seddighi, Sahba Reyes, Joel F. Coon, Steven L. Ramos, Daniel Schiavo, Giampietro Fisher, Elizabeth M. C. Raj, Towfique Secrier, Maria Lashley, Tammaryn Ule, Jernej Buratti, Emanuele Humphrey, Jack Ward, Michael E. Fratta, Pietro UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre Department of Neuromuscular Diseases UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL London UK The Francis Crick Institute London UK UK Dementia Research Institute University College London London UK Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology National Institute of Chemistry Ljubljana Slovenia National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NIH Bethesda MD USA Medical Scientist Training Program Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA Queen Square Brain Bank UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London London UK Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London London UK Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Genetics and Genomic Medicine University College London London UK Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease New York Genome Center (NYGC) New York NY USA NeuroResource Department of Neuroinflammation UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London UK Molecular Genomics Core Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development NIH Bethesda MD USA Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Pathology Fishberg Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment UCL Genetics Institute University College London London UK Mole

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The prevalence of helmet use in motorcyclists around the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,006,476 participants

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International Journal for Consumer and Product Safety 2024年第3期31卷

作者： Sina Shool Seyed Mohammad Piri Zahra Ghodsi Reza Tabrizi Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq Mahdieh Mashayekhi Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi Kurosh Mojtabavi Reyhane Abbasnezhad Kasra Vasighi Rasha Atlasi Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam Seyed Taghi Heydari Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini Mehdi Shafieian Gerard O’Reilly Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar a Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran a Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iranb Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran c Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran a Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Irand Universal Network of Interdisciplinary Research in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (UNIROMS) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iran e Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran f Department of Occupational Therapy School of Paramedical Sciences Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan Iran g Evidence based Practice Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran h Health Promotion Research Center Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan Iran i Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran j Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran k Emergency and Trauma Centre Alfred Health Melbourne Australial School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Australiam National Trauma and Research Institute Alfred Health Melbourne Australia a Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iranb Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center Neuroscience Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Irann Department of Neurosurgery Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Irano Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Tehran Iranp Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of Tehran Tehran Iran

Road traffic injuries present a significant public health burden, especially in developing countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized global evidence on motorcycle helmet use prevalence by including 299 records across 249 articles involving 5,006,476 participants from 1982 to 2022. The findings revealed a declining trend in helmet use prevalence over the past four decades, with an overall prevalence of 48.71%. The meta-regression analysis did not find any statistically significant change in the overall prevalence. Subgroup analysis showed higher helmet use prevalence in observation/survey records (54.29%) compared to crashed patient records (44.84%). Riders/Motorcyclists demonstrated a higher likelihood of wearing helmets than passengers in both observation/survey records (62.61vs.28.23%) and crashed patient records (47.76vs.26.61%). Countries with mandatory helmet use laws had higher helmet usage prevalence compared to those without (52.26vs.37.21%). The African continent had the lowest helmet use rates, while Latin America and the Caribbean regions had higher rates. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global helmet use prevalence, emphasizing disparities between high and low-income countries, variations in law enforcement, and trends over four decades. Targeted interventions are necessary to improve helmet-wearing habits, especially among passengers and regions with low usage rates. Effective legislation and awareness campaigns are crucial for promoting helmet use and reducing road traffic injuries burden.

关键词： Motorcycles head injuries mortality head protective devices systematic review

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