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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yi, Minseok Lee, Daehee Gola, Alberto Merzi, Stefano Penna, Michele Lee, Jae Sung Cherry, Simon R. Kwon, Sun Il Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis United States Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering College of Engineering Seoul National Graduate School Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul National Graduate School Korea Republic of Fondazione Bruno Kessler Italy Brightonix Imaging Inc. Korea Republic of

Positron emission tomography (PET) is the most sensitive biomedical imaging modality for noninvasively detecting and visualizing positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals within a subject. In PET, measuring the time-of-flight (TOF) information for each pair of 511-keV annihilation photons improves effective sensitivity but requires high timing resolution. Hybrid materials that emit both scintillation and Cherenkov photons, such as bismuth germanate (BGO), recently offer the potential for more precise timing information from Cherenkov photons while maintaining adequate energy resolution from scintillation photons. However, a significant challenge in using such hybrid materials for TOF PET applications lies in the event-dependent timing spread caused by the mixed detection of Cherenkov and scintillation photons due to relatively lower production of Cherenkov photons. This study introduces an innovative approach by segmenting silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) pixels coupled to a single crystal, rather than using traditional SiPMs that are as large as or larger than the crystals they read. We demonstrated that multiple time stamps and photon counts obtained from the segmented SiPM can classify events by providing temporal photon density, effectively addressing this challenge. The approach and findings would lead to new opportunities in applications that require precise timing and photon counting, spanning the fields of medical imaging, high-energy physics, and optical physics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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LoraMap: Harnessing the Power of LoRA Connections

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Hyeryun Kwak, Jeongwon Jang, Dongsuk Park, Sumin Choi, Jinwook Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Graduate School Seoul National University Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Graduate School Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of Medical Research Center Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of

Fact-checking techniques can mitigate hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), a prominent issue in specialized domains. As parameter-efficient techniques such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) can overcome substantial computational overhead, some studies have explored the integration of multiple LoRAs. While previous studies focus on parallel integration, this paper investigates methods to establish connections among multiple LoRAs. We create three reasoning datasets tailored to fact-checking and fine-tune individual LoRAs, allowing them to view and reason from diverse perspectives. Then, we explore strategies for allocating these reasoning LoRAs and introduce LoraMap, an approach to map connections between them. The results of the fact-checking task demonstrate that the performance of LoraMap is superior to LoraHub, an existing method for integrating LoRAs. LoraMap also outperforms with significantly fewer trainable parameters than LoraConcat, which concatenates LoRAs and further fine-tunes them. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Problem oriented languages

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Automated Information Extraction from Thyroid Operation Narrative: A Comparative Study of GPT-4 and Fine-tuned KoELECTRA

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jang, Dongsuk Park, Hyeryun Son, Jiye Hwang, Hyeonuk Kim, Su-Jin Choi, Jinwook Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Seoul National University Korea Republic of Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Surgery Ewha Womans University Medical Center Korea Republic of Department of Surgery Seoul National University Hospital College of Medicine Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of

In the rapidly evolving field of healthcare, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has become a pivotal component in the automation of clinical workflows, ushering in a new era of efficiency and accuracy. This study focuses on the transformative capabilities of the fine-tuned KoELECTRA model in comparison to the GPT-4 model, aiming to facilitate automated information extraction from thyroid operation narratives. The current research landscape is dominated by traditional methods heavily reliant on regular expressions, which often face challenges in processing free-style text formats containing critical details of operation records, including frozen biopsy reports. Addressing this, the study leverages advanced natural language processing (NLP) techniques to foster a paradigm shift towards more sophisticated data processing systems. Through this comparative study, we aspire to unveil a more streamlined, precise, and efficient approach to document processing in the healthcare domain, potentially revolutionizing the way medical data is handled and analyzed. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Automation

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Multimodal Spatial Attention Network for Automatic Head and Neck Tumor Segmentation in FDG-PET and CT Images 1

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2nd 3D Head and Neck Tumor Segmentation in PET/CT Challenge, HECKTOR 2021, held in conjunction with 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021

作者： Cho, Minjeong Choi, Yujin Hwang, Donghwi Yie, Si Young Kim, Hanvit Lee, Jae Sung School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang University Seoul06974 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Kyunghee University College of Electronics and Information 1732 Deogyeong-daero Giheung-gu Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si Korea Republic of Department of Nuclear Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul03080 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul03080 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Graduate School Seoul Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul National University Graduate School Seoul Korea Republic of Ulsan Korea Republic of Artificial Intelligence Institute Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Brightonix Imaging Inc. Seoul04782 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9783030982539

ISBN: (纸本)9783030982522

Quantitative positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), owing to the functional metabolic information and anatomical information of the human body that it presents, is useful to achieve accurate tumor delineation. However, manual annotation of a Volume Of Interest (VOI) is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task. In this study, we automatically segmented the Head and Neck (H&N) primary tumor in combined PET/CT images. Herein, we propose a convolutional neural network named Multimodal Spatial Attention Network (MSA-Net), supplemented with a Spatial Attention Module (SAM), which uses a PET image as an input. We evaluated this model on the MICCAI 2021 HEad and neCK TumOR (HECKTOR) segmentation challenge dataset. Our method delivered a competitive cross-validation efficiency, with Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) 0.757, precision 0.788, and recall 0.785. When we tested out method on test dataset, we achieved an average DSC and Hausdorff Distance at 95% (HD95) of 0.766 and 3.155 respectively. Our team name is ‘Heck_Uihak’. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Tumors

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Automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system based on photoplethysmography-derived heart rate variability analysis

Automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system based...

引用

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Il-hyung Shin Jaepyeong Cha Gyeong Woo Cheon Choonghee Lee Seung Yup Lee Hyung-Jin Yoon Hee Chan Kim Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

This paper presents an automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system (ASMRS) for individual music listeners. The ASMRS uses a portable, wireless photoplethysmography module with a finger-type sensor, and a program that translates heartbeat signals from the sensor to the stress index. The sympathovagal balance index (SVI) was calculated from heart rate variability to assess the user's stress levels while listening to music. Twenty-two healthy volunteers participated in the experiment. The results have shown that the participants' SVI values are highly correlated with their prespecified music preferences. The sensitivity and specificity of the favorable music classification also improved as the number of music repetitions increased to 20 times. Based on the SVI values, the system automatically recommends favorable music lists to relieve stress for individuals.

关键词： Heart rate variability Stress Recommender systems Indexes Multiple signal classification Educational institutions Music

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Endoscopic Vision Based Tracking of Multiple Surgical Instruments in Robot-assisted Surgery

Endoscopic Vision Based Tracking of Multiple Surgical Instru...

引用

International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems

作者： Jiwon Ryu Jaesoon Choi Hee Chan Kim Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Asan Institute for Life Sciences University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467322478

Robot-assisted cardiac surgeries are effective for operations in limited spaces. Enhancement in safety functions based on automatic tracking of surgical instrument position to prevent inadvertent harmful events as cardiac tissue perforation and instrument collisions can be meaningful augmentation to current robot surgery system. A vision based instrument tracking scheme as a core algorithm to implement such assistive functions has been developed in this study. Through a chain of computer vision techniques, including classification of metallic properties using k-means clustering and instrument movement tracking using similarity measure, Euclidean distance calculation, and Kalman filter algorithm, an automatic tracking scheme has been proposed and the implemented system showed satisfactory performance in tests using real robot-assisted surgery videos. Trajectory comparisons of automatically detected data and ground truth data obtained by manually locating the center of mass of each instrument were used to quantitatively validate the system. The developed algorithm could provide valuable information to clinicians for safer operation.

关键词： Surgical instrument tracking Robot-assisted Surgery Multiple object tracking Collision warning

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Registration of finger vein image using skin surface information for authentication

Registration of finger vein image using skin surface informa...

引用

Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications II

作者： Noh, SeungWoo Kong, Hyoun-Joong Park, SangYun Kim, JiMan Lee, Seung-Rae Kim, Taejeong Kim, Hee Chan Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475015

The finger vein image acquired with an acquisition system should be properly aligned to proceed with comparing algorithm. However it is not easy to find control the points since the images are naturally blurred with an inherent scattering property. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel finger vein registration method utilizing skin surface information (i.e. wrinkles and outlines). We assumed that finger crooking was insignificant. Images were sampled with intended translation and rotation. Each time, two images were acquired successively by switching the light source;one with infrared light and the other with white light. Degree of rotation and translation of sampled image were calculated using outline features in the white light image and then the infrared image was transformed according to the calculated data. To validate our method, correlation values were computed between identical subjects and different subjects. High correlation values were shown between identical subjects whereas low values were shown between different subjects. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Authentication

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Digital ionic circuits on a microfluidic chip

Digital ionic circuits on a microfluidic chip

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13th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2009

作者： Han, Ji-Hyung Kim, Kwang Bok Kim, Hee Chan Chung, Taek Dong Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780979806421

A sophisticatedly designed polyelectrolyte diode was fabricated on a microchip and exhibited well-defined nonlinear rectifying behavior. Multiple polyelectrolyte diodes were integrated on a microchip to produce a variety of logic gates based on ionic circuits. By employing a fluorescent dye, the polyelectrolyte micro plugs also acted as optical indicators displaying the input signals applied to individual diodes in the ionic circuit on a microchip. Also, this system visualized the dynamic distribution of ions in a charged polymer phase under an electric field on a real time basis through fluorescence images. © 2009 CBMS.

关键词： Polyelectrolytes

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Indirect ophthalmoscopic stereo video system using three-dimensional LCD

Indirect ophthalmoscopic stereo video system using three-dim...

引用

Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XX

作者： Kong, Hyoun-Joong Seo, Jong Mo Hwang, Jeong Min Kim, Hee Chan Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department Ophthalmology College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

Binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (BIO) provides a wider view of fundus with stereopsis contrary to the direct one. Proposed system is composed of portable BIO and 3D viewing unit. The illumination unit of BIO utilized high flux LED as a light source, LED condensing lens cap for beam focusing, color filters and small lithium ion battery. In optics unit of BIO, beam splitter was used to distribute an examinee's fundus image both to examiner's eye and to CMOS camera module attached to device. Captured retinal video stream data from stereo camera modules were sent to PC through USB 2.0 connectivity. For 3D viewing, two video streams having parallax between them were aligned vertically and horizontally and made into side-by-side video stream for cross-eyed stereoscopy. And the data were converted into autostereoscopic video stream using vertical interlacing for stereoscopic LCD which has glass 3D filter attached to the front side of it. Our newly devised system presented the real-time 3-D view of fundus to assistants with less dizziness than cross-eyed stereoscopy. And the BIO showed good performance compared to conventional portable BIO (Spectra Plus, Keeler Limited, Windsor, UK). © 2009 SPIE-IS&T.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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Cold dialysate regeneration system (CDRS) for home hemodialysis - In vivo

Cold dialysate regeneration system (CDRS) for home hemodialy...

引用

World Congress on Medical Physics and biomedical engineering: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Instrumentation, Clinical engineering

作者： Kim, J.H. Kim, J.C. Moon, J.-H. Kang, E. Ronco, C. Kim, H.C. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Major Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Internal Medicine Chung-Ang University Hospital Seoul Korea Republic of Vicenza Italy Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon-dong Jongno-gu Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783642038846

We propose a new cold dialysate regeneration system that requires 10 L per treatment for home hemodialysis. In this system, by using cold dialysate and 2 activated carbon columns alternatively switched between adsorption and desorption. In animal experiments (n = 8, dogs) were conducted to validate the cold dialysate regeneration system. When it is used in a conventional hemodialysis, the urea reduction ration was 60.9 ± 6.3% and Kt/V was 1.0 ± 0.2. BUN concentration in the dialysate was 5.8 mg/dL and serum electrolytes remained stable. The proposed cold dialysate regeneration system using only a small volume of dialysate will be useful for home hemodialysis. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Urea

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