Outlines building evaluation methodology and instruments, which will facilitate comparative, cross-cultural evaluation of the performance of a building type which is common worldwide;i.e. intelligent office buildings....
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Over the past 30 years, both the governmental and private sectors have made use of a feedback mechanism, which helps improve the quality of environments: post‐occupancy evaluation (POE) or similar systematic processe...
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Over the past 30 years, both the governmental and private sectors have made use of a feedback mechanism, which helps improve the quality of environments: post‐occupancy evaluation (POE) or similar systematic processes, which gauge the satisfaction with, and importance of, the designed and built environment. How does this process work, what kind of input does it require? What value, if any, does it add to the core business of an organisation? When should it be carried out, and how should the resulting data be used in enhancing the quality of existing and future buildings? Who should commission POEs and who should be in charge of developing databases, which can be used for benchmarking and the development of building performance criteria for future projects? What is the cost of these POEs in relationship to the benefits to be derived? All of these questions will be addressed in this paper.
Over the past two decades, the New Urbanism has emerged as a controversial alternative to conventional patterns of urban development. Although growing in popularity, it has received a sceptical reception in journals o...
Over the past two decades, the New Urbanism has emerged as a controversial alternative to conventional patterns of urban development. Although growing in popularity, it has received a sceptical reception in journals of planning, architecture and geography. This paper reviews criticisms of the New Urbanism and examines evidence and arguments on both sides of each issue. Critiques may be roughly divided into those involving empirical performance, ideological and cultural affinities, and aesthetic quality. While insufficient evidence exists in some cases to make final judgments, it is argued that the critical attack on the New Urbanism remains unconvincing. Much of the critical literature is flawed by the use of caricature, inadequate sampling of projects, deficient understanding of New Urbanist principles and practices, premature judgments, unrealistic expectations and ideological bias. While New Urbanists can learn from the critiques of their work, and research gaps need to be filled, the New Urbanism remains a resilient, practical and well-founded alternative to conventional land development practices.
作者：
Lawrence, AUniv Nevada
Sch Architecture Interior Architecture & Design Program Las Vegas NV 89154 USA
The intent of this paper is twofold: to reflect on the architectural profession's varied responses to changes that occurred in the business environment over the last half of this century and to explicate key curri...
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The intent of this paper is twofold: to reflect on the architectural profession's varied responses to changes that occurred in the business environment over the last half of this century and to explicate key curricular concepts that educators can engage in the development and implementation of informed architectural pedagogy that acknowledges strategic responses that were initiated by practitioners in order to gain market advantage. Of fundamental concern is the gradual change irt market demand for architectural services that began in the early 1960s and became more pronounced due to prevailing economic pressures during the early 1990s. This change, still in progress, impacts architectural education because it is being fueled by mt increasing demand for architectural services that are integral to strategic management-dependent project delivery systems in contrast to traditional creative design-dependent approaches to building design. Because in a chain of events education models incorporate concern for progressive and viable practice models, this paper examines the changing contexts of professional practice and recent developments in methods of project delivery, which are causing a fundamental restructuring or paradigm shift within the profession of architecture. The implications of consequentially emerging practice paradigms for professional education are also considered by exploring means by which corresponding relationships between these can be enhanced.
This paper explores differences and similarities between novice and expert users of interactive artifacts. In order to achieve this, protocol analysis was used to identify users' cognitive categories, knowledge ca...
This paper explores differences and similarities between novice and expert users of interactive artifacts. In order to achieve this, protocol analysis was used to identify users' cognitive categories, knowledge categories and knowledge representation. This research is based on the premises that knowledge — domain-specific knowledge in particular — plays a significant role in distinguishing a novice from an expert user, and the way in which they use technologically interactive devices. The differences between expert and novice users were compared and identified with associated knowledge and knowledge representation for each cognitive category. These constitute the features that differentiate them as they reflect the kind of processes, representations, strategies or knowledge organisation that may occur for each cognitive category during the interaction. The paper also addresses the transitional process through which a novice becomes an expert and concludes about this finding's implication to design.
The paper gives a brief review of policies established by a number of countries with reference to generation of electricity by renewable means to achieve an energy sustainable environment. Issues such as energy genera...
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The paper gives a brief review of policies established by a number of countries with reference to generation of electricity by renewable means to achieve an energy sustainable environment. Issues such as energy generation by renewable means, energy conservation systems, reduction of greenhouse emission, are discussed. The paper highlights commitments by selected governments and industries, and lists the achievements as a result of implementation of the policies. It points out the relative inactivity in Australia and makes proposals to overcome the apparent deficiencies.
The United States Coast Guard has embarked on the most ambitious modernization and recapitalization project in the service's history. The Deepwater Capabilities Replacement Project, which is simply referred to as ...
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The United States Coast Guard has embarked on the most ambitious modernization and recapitalization project in the service's history. The Deepwater Capabilities Replacement Project, which is simply referred to as Deepwater, is unique in that it comprises the acquisition of an entire integrated "System-of-Systems'': surface, air, (CISR)-I-4 (command, control, communications, computers, information, surveillance & reconnaissance), and logistics facilities. This "System of Systems" approach will enable the Coast Guard to acquire the optimal mix of fully supportable assets, to effectively and efficiently perform all of its Deepwater missions well into the next century.
This paper reports on a survey of research conducted within schools of architecture in the U.S. and abroad. The context of research in architectural education in the United States is assessed and background data on th...
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This paper reports on a survey of research conducted within schools of architecture in the U.S. and abroad. The context of research in architectural education in the United States is assessed and background data on the evolution and status of research in the architectural profession are provided. Previous surveys on architectural research are highlighted. Findings from the worldwide survey of architectural research are based on the three major survey categories, i.e., research topic overview, institutional profile and research assessments, and individual research project descriptions. The data from the survey is such that it begins to offer a description of research activities and their parameters rather than supporting conclusive findings.
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