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Material & space synthesis strategies based on evolutionary developmental biology

Material & space synthesis strategies based on evolutionary ...

28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided design in architecture: Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, ACADIA 08

作者： Ahlquist, Sean Fleischmann, Moritz Emergent Technologies and Design Program Architectural Association School of Architecture London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0978946324

A material systemcan be defined asaset of self-organized materials, defining acertain spatial arrangement. In architecture, this material arrangement acts as a threshold for space, though space often only appears as a by-product of the material organization. Treating space as a resulting, therefore secondary, independent product minimizes the capacity to generate architecture that is astutely aware of concerns of functionality, environment and energy. An effective arrangement of material can only be determined in relation to the spaces that it defines. When proposing a more critical approach, a material system can be seen as an intimate inter-connection and reciprocal exchange between the material construct and the spatial conditions. It is necessary to re-define material system as a system that coevolves spatial and material configurations through analysis of the resultant whole, in a process of integration and evaluation. With this understanding of material system comes an expansion in the number of criteria that are simultaneously engaged in the evolution of the design. The material characteristics, as well as the spatial components and forces (external and internal), are pressures onto the arrangement of material and space. This brings a high degree of complexity to the process. Biological systems are built on methods that resolve complex interactions through sets of simple yet extensible rules. Evolutionary Developmental Biology explains how growth is an interconnected process of external forces registering fitness into a fixed catalogue of morphological genetic tools. Translating the specific framework for biological growth into computational processes, allows the pursuit of an architecture that is fully informed by the interaction of space and material.

关键词： architecture

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D-lite: A new perspective for searching and selecting light-control technologies as a designer

D-lite: A new perspective for searching and selecting light-...

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25th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy architecture: Towards Zero Energy Building, PLEA 2008

作者： Urbano-Gutieárrez, Rosa Andersen, Marilyne Department of Architecture-Technology and Design Graduate School of Design Harvard University United States Building Technology Program Department of Architecture Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781905254347

Even though a large variety of innovative façade technologies has been developed to refine the control of solar radiation and increase the amount of useful natural illumination, their effective implementation in buildings is still uncommon. Increasing the awareness of designers to their existence and facilitating an understanding of their potential thus appears as a priority. An important step in that direction is to make the search and selection process more intuitive. This paper proposes a way to address this issue with a new database format. It focuses on the generation of visual strategies to express technical aspects and performance data with a more intuitive and architecturally based language, adapted to a designer's needs and respectful of a realistic design process. The project takes shape as a freely accessible online database of light-interacting technologies for envelopes, available at ***, that provides an efficient meeting space for professionals in the field.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Soft Skills versus Hard Skills: Practitioners' Perspectives on interior design Interns

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JOURNAL OF interior design 2017年第4期42卷 45-63页

作者： Gale, Amanda J. Duffey, Melanie A. Park-Gates, Shari Peek, Paula Frances Univ N Carolina Dept Interior Architecture Greensboro NC 27412 USA Auburn Univ Auburn AL 36849 USA Auburn Univ Interior Design Program Auburn AL 36849 USA Auburn Univ Dept Consumer & Design Sci Interior Design Auburn AL 36849 USA

interior design, like other applied disciplines, has a clear career cycle requiring education and professional experience before becoming eligible for examination. Internships are often encouraged in academic curriculums for increased career placement and enhancement of student learning outcomes;they also serve as a benchmark for academic programs to evaluate their curriculum and its relevance to practice. As the design industry rapidly shifts the scope and needs in projects, it becomes more difficult for academic programs to assess practitioners' values as they relate to recent interns and entry-level hires. Using a social constructivist approach, this longitudinal study aims to better understand practitioners' perceptions of soft and hard skill sets necessary for emerging interior design professionals. This study utilizes content analysis to evaluate practitioners' responses (N=260) from 2006 to 2014 through a survey questionnaire that consisted of open-ended questions aimed to evaluate senior-level interior design students' performance during the required 400-hour internship at a mid-sized Southeastern university. The findings showed that soft skills were more often listed as positive attributes where interns performed exceedingly well. Furthermore, soft skills affected the willingness of practitioners to hire interns.

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A Marketing Strategy for Architects Using a Virtual Tour Portfolio to Enhance Client Understanding 1

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International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Intelligent Systems and Industrial Applications, CITISIA 2022

作者： Pramono, A. Yuninda, C. Interior Design School of Design Bina Nusantara University West Jakarta Indonesia Department of Architecture Engineering Faculty University of Merdeka Malang Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783031290787

ISBN: (纸本)9783031290770

A portfolio is a prerequisite for anyone working in the creative industry, especially architects. Portfolios can include content from social media, PDF files, websites, and mobile apps. Some architects frequently employ portfolio presentation methods like images or 3D renderings. In order to introduce their campus environment, several universities frequently use 360-degree presentation techniques in photographs or 3D visualization graphics. It is common for museums to show off their collections, but architects do not usually use them as portfolios. This study aims to determine how effective the virtual tour method is for the client to understand the architect's work. A single case study was the research methodology used. Surveys of a variety of customers were used to collect the data. In addition, interviews with a few adequately selected clients were done to determine the significance of the presentation strategy used in the virtual tour. In the first stage, the architect makes a design layout plan in 2D and 3D. From the layout design, it was developed into a 3D perspective design made using computer software. The final design is a website-based 360-degree virtual tour. Most respondents preferred the virtual tour's 3D panoramic visualization image out of the three presentation methods, understanding the space described by the architect in 88.1% of participants. The proper presentation technique will enhance the client's understanding and reduce misinterpretation of the architect's perception. It aligns with the sustainable design concept, which helps people, profit, and the planet. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Websites

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Integrated model supporting environmental performance simulations in the early stages of building design

Integrated model supporting environmental performance simula...

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13th Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, BS 2013

作者： Brígitte, Giovanna Tomczinski Novellini Ruschel, Regina Coeli Graduate Program in Architecture Technology and City Planning University of Campinas Brazil Department of Architecture and Building Construction School of Civil Engineering Architecture and Urban Design University of Campinas Brazil

Recent researches propose the integration of performance analysis to early stages of the design process in order to obtain the building's best final performance (Kolarevric;Malkawi, 2005;Holzer, 2010;Oxman, 2007). Thus, choosing the appropriate set of solutions and digital tools to develop this task is of high complexity and responsibility. The main objective of this paper is to identify and characterize the evaluation of different performances in social housing design stage, through the development of a model containing appropriate abstractions, for the representation of valid and accurate analytical data as inputs and outputs to specific simulations. This study was developed as field study involving experts in the area of thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting comfort, materials conservation, water conservation and accessibility. The results show strengths and difficulties for integrating performance analysis focusing the information modelling and interoperability between computational simulations. A sequence for performing simulations considering inter-influences is proposed. This paper contributes with the characterization of the ideal information model to be use in different simulation tools, during the design stage of social housing solutions;promoting quality improvement related to social housing and the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling). Therefore instigating the increased use of simulation tools and information technology in construction during the design process. Copyright © 2011 by IPAC'11/EPS-AG.

关键词： Water conservation

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Reconstruction from discovery: An urban design masterplan for Cutty Sark Gardens, Greenwich

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Urban design International 1996年第2期1卷 115-123页

作者： Timpson, Michael Manley, Susan University of Brighton School of Architecture and Interior Design Brighton United Kingdom Kent Institute of Art and Design Kent United Kingdom Timpson Manley Architecture and Urban Design London SE10 9HZ 24-31 Greenwich Market United Kingdom

In March 1995 the London Borough of Greenwich commissioned an urban design masterplan for the Cutty Sark Gardens area of Greenwich. Although enjoying a riverside location and already containing a number of tourist attractions, the Gardens have suffered from a lack of investment and integrated planning. The project offered the opportunity to regenerate a key Thameside public open space and has since gained even greater significance with the decision to site the UK's Millennium exhibition in Greenwich. Timpson and Manley here describe their design method, which seeks to uncover design solutions that are rooted in the particular history of the place, and go on to illustrate how their proposals arrive at this historical analysis. Their brief required them to regenerate a neglected space and build onto the locational importance of the Cutty Sark Gardens as a gateway to Greenwich. This strategy is integrally linked with the tourism strategy which will introduce a new interpretation centre for Greenwich and a new visitor centre for the Cutty Sark. © 1996 E. & EN Spon.

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A review of fresh properties of self-compacting concrete incorporating sugarcane bagasse ash

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 65卷 852-859页

作者： Das, Debadrita Saravanan, T. Jothi Bisht, Kunal Kabeer, K.I. Syed Ahmed Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar School of Infrastructure Bhubaneswar India KIET Group of Institutions Department of Civil Engineering Delhi NCR India SRM Institute of Science and Technology School of Architecture and Interior Design Chennai India

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a new generation concrete having high deformability in the fresh state and the ability to compact by itself without the use of vibrators, thus reducing time and labor. They are widely used nowadays in zones of congested reinforcements in concrete elements and structures. To achieve the necessary performance targets, SCC requires higher use of viscosity modifying agents and superplasticizers, which increase the cost of production significantly. Thereby, studies are being conducted for incorporating the use of agricultural wastes as partial substitutes for cement in SCC production to bring down the usage of the admixtures, along with lowering the cost. Agricultural wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA), a waste generated from the sugar industry, if used as a partial replacement to cement after suitable processing, improve the fresh properties of SCC. The effect of fresh properties of SCC by the addition of SBA, as investigated by different authors is reviewed in this study. Results of slump flow test, V-funnel test, T500, L-box and J-ring test, obtained from the different papers are compiled and optimum content of SBA that has to be used for the required performance is concluded. Slump flow was observed to decrease with increasing SBA content in SCC, due to higher water absorption of the SBA particles, resulting in a more viscous concrete mix. Similarly, V-funnel time increased due to the increased viscosity. An increase was observed in T500, the time required for the slump flow to reach a diameter of 500 mm, as well. Thus, from analysis of the changes in the fresh properties, this literature review has helped us identify that a replacement of 10–15% cement with sugarcane bagasse ash provides desirable results. © 2022

关键词： Self compacting concrete

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Throwing in the Towel: Burnout among Practicing interior designers

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JOURNAL OF interior design 2014年第3期39卷 41-60页

作者： Hill, Caroline Hegde, Asha L. Matthews, Carl Texas State Univ Interior Design Program Round Rock TX 78665 USA Univ Arkansas Interior Design Dept Fayetteville AR 72701 USA Univ Arkansas Fay Jones Sch Architecture Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Job turnover is often preceded by burnout, a psychological syndrome involving prolonged response to stressors on the job (Maslach & Leiter, 2008). This phenomenon is measured along a continuum ranging from job engaged to full burnout. Higher levels of burnout can result in turnover, excessive absenteeism, and numerous physical and emotional symptoms among employees. The purpose of this study was to assess levels of burnout among practicing interior designers, and identify both individual and situational factors relative to burnout. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS) was used to measure burnout and a Job Satisfaction survey gathered basic demographic and situational (job-related) information from practicing interior designers (N=130). The voluntary and anonymous surveys were distributed via US Mail and the response rate was 52%. Results revealed that study participants were experiencing a moderate level of burnout. However, when compared with other professions, interior designers rated highest in cynicism and second only to nurses in exhaustion, as measured by the MBI-GS. Statistically significant correlations and regressions were found between burnout and the individual factors of age and years of professional practice as well as the situational factors of workload, control, reward, and fairness. The results and implications of the study are relevant to both interior design practitioners and academics and the discussion calls upon these communities to reconsider discipline-based traditions and expectations that may exacerbate burnout to keep practitioners healthy and positively engaged in the profession.

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Post-tsunami resettlement in Sri Lanka and India: Site planning, infrastructure and services

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International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 2014年第1期5卷 53-65页

作者： Ahmed, Iftekhar McEvoy, Darryn School of Architecture and Design RMIT University Melbourne Australia Climate Change Adaptation Program RMIT Universit Melbourne Australia

Purpose: After the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, major resettlement programmes were implemented in the affected countries including Sri Lanka and India. New settlements were built from scratch on vacant land, which consisted of building new houses and provision of infrastructure and services. Some of these programmes in Sri Lanka and India were reviewed in an Australian Research Council (ARC) funded research and this paper presents and analyses some of the findings of the research. The paper aims to discuss these issues. design/methodology/approach: The research is based on interviews of residents and representatives of agencies involved in planning and implementing the resettlement programmes, and on-site observations. The investigation examined critical aspects of settlement development including site planning, transport, drainage, water supply, sanitation, waste management and security. Findings: Very little site planning guidelines were available specifically for resettlement programmes;in both the case study countries, general planning guidelines were applied. Provision and management of infrastructure and services presents great challenges in developing countries as high capital investment and good technical skills for design, implementation and maintenance are required. Some of the resettlement schemes had the advantage of being centrally located and hence had access to schools, health centres and other facilities. However, others were in isolated locations and beneficiaries faced problems in accessing basic facilities. Drainage was a problem - most schemes did not have any surface drainage plan;low areas had not been elevated, slopes not levelled, and land not compacted before construction. Electricity and water supply had been provided in all the programmes, but conditions and quality varied. In many of the schemes, sanitation presented a problem. However, in Chennai, the sewage system worked well and this was one achievement all interview respondents praised.

关键词： India Infrastructure Post-disaster reconstruction Sri Lanka Tsunami

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Waiting for Regeneration: Temporalities of Gentrification in Izmir Ballikuyu Neighborhood

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JOURNAL OF HOUSING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 2022年第4期37卷 1971-1995页

作者： Yilmaz, Ahenk Kurt, Ozgecan Zafer Yasar Univ Dept Architecture Univ Cad 37-39 TR-35100 Bornova Turkey Izmir Kavram Vocat Sch Interior Design Program Izmir Turkey

This paper explores the process of waiting in temporalities of gentrification in the case of Ballikuyu neighborhood. For Ballikuyu, which is one of the oldest districts at the center of Izmir, Turkey, local authorities portrayed a shiny future with a regeneration and development plan that they announced in 2014. Since then, oscillating between hope and despair, the residents of the neighborhood have been waiting for the implementation of this plan, under the pressure of displacement due to both gentrification and the gradual decay of their built environment. With a longitudinal research conducted between 2014 and 2021, this paper aims to get insights into the use of this process as a strategy by local authorities, into its effects on socio-spatial integrity of the built environment and into the potentials that it may hold for the residents. The research methodology depends on semi-structured interviews and site observations that expand over this time period, and integrated with the content analysis of social media posts and news on local newspapers. The study concludes that even though the prolonged waiting process weakens the residents' sense of agency, place attachment and energy for collective resistance, it is not a stagnant situation, but an active condition which perpetually compels the residents to develop new social and spatial tactics not only for solidarity and better communication, but also for re-appropriating a more livable environment.

关键词： Urban Regeneration Waiting Temporalities of gentrification Tactics Izmir

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