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Optics Continuum 2025年第4期4卷 789-803页

作者： Esteban Farfán-Guillén, David Camporez, Higor Silva, Jair Adriano Lima Castellano Rodriguez, Juan Camilo Pohl, Alexandre De Almeida Prado CPGEI–Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology Paraná Curitiba80230–901 Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória29075-960 Brazil

Visible light communications (VLC) enable wireless data transmission using existing light-emitting diode (LED) illumination. This experimental study evaluates the performance of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) configurations in indoor VLC systems by analyzing their impact on both communication and illumination. Various MIMO setups (2 × 2, 3 × 2, and 4 × 2) are compared against single input single output (SISO), and single input multiple outputs (SIMO) schemes, using commercial LED luminaires as transmitters. While the 4 × 2 MIMO configuration demonstrates superior overall performance, intermediate configurations like 3 × 2 or 2 × 2 MIMO offer an attractive trade-off between system complexity and performance enhancement, particularly in scenarios with space or cost constraints. The results show that MIMO configurations significantly outperform SISO systems, achieving reliable communication (BER ≤ 10−3) at practical indoor distances of up to 2 meters while maintaining illumination levels above 300 lux, where conventional SISO setups do not meet these dual requirements. These findings demonstrate the practical feasibility of MIMO-VLC systems for indoor deployments. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Frequency division multiplexing Modulation techniques Multiple input multiple output Quadrature amplitude modulation Signal processing Visible light communications

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STViT+: improving self-supervised multi-camera depth estimation with spatial-temporal context and adversarial geometry regularization

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Applied Intelligence 2025年第5期55卷 1-20页

作者： Chen, Zhuo Zhao, Haimei Hao, Xiaoshuai Yuan, Bo Li, Xiu Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China School of Computer Science The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2008 Australia Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Beijing China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia

Multi-camera depth estimation has gained significant attention in autonomous driving due to its importance in perceiving complex environments. However, extending monocular self-supervised methods to multi-camera setups introduces unique challenges that existing techniques often fail to address. In this paper, we propose STViT+, a novel Transformer-based framework for self-supervised multi-camera depth estimation. Our key contributions include: 1) the Spatial-Temporal Transformer (STTrans), which integrates local spatial connectivity and global context to capture enriched spatial-temporal cross-view correlations, resulting in more accurate 3D geometry reconstruction;2) the Spatial-Temporal Photometric Consistency Correction (STPCC) strategy that mitigates the impact of varying illumination, ensuring brightness consistency across frames during photometric loss calculation;3) the Adversarial Geometry Regularization (AGR) module, which employs Generative Adversarial Networks to impose spatial constraints by using unpaired depth maps, enhancing performance under adverse conditions such as rain and nighttime driving. Extensive evaluations on large-scale autonomous driving datasets, including Nuscenes and DDAD, confirm that STViT+ sets a new benchmark for multi-camera depth estimation. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Geometry

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Two Generic Constructions of MDS Array Codes With Optimal Repair Bandwidth From Two Special Sets

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2025年第5期71卷 3582-3601页

作者： Zhu, Hongwei Lv, Jingjie Xia, Shu-Tao Hou, Hanxu Tsinghua University Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Dongguan University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization Dongguan523808 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong

The maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are the optimal codes to achieve Singleton bound, providing maximum error tolerance under a given number of parity nodes. Ye and Barg leveraged permutation matrices and Reed-Solomon type codes to devise 7 explicit constructions for constructing MDS array codes with optimal repair property (as known as MSR codes) or even optimal access property. Drawing inspiration from these explicit constructions, we provide two generic constructions for constructing MSR codes from high-rate MDS codes or MDS array codes. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of s-pairwise MDS codes sets and s-pairwise MDS array codes sets. Two generic constructions (Generic Constructions I and II) for constructing the MSR code using the s-pairwise MDS codes sets or the s-pairwise MDS array codes sets are given. Constructions 1 to 3 proposed by Ye and Barg can be regarded as some special cases of Generic Construction I, and Constructions 1 to 3 proposed by Li et al., can be regarded as some special cases of Generic Construction II. It is worth mentioning that Generic Construction II can be applied to any finite field, including the binary field. We also demonstrate how to obtain the s-pairwise MDS code sets and the s-pairwise MDS array code sets from a high-rate MDS code or MDS array code over Fq . We obtain a novel class of MSR codes by utilizing the MDS array codes provided by Lv et al., as component codes according to Generic Construction II. As a byproduct of Constructions 4 to 7, we obtain a new class of MSR codes with optimal access property. Using two types of sets Γ1 and Γ2 with the property that matrices commute, we present several new constructions for MSR codes with the optimal access property over any finite field. In this paper, compared with the constructions over binary field proposed by Li et al., the sub-packetization of our constructions applicable to the binary field is significantly reduced. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reed-Solomon codes

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Damage-Free Neutral Beam Etching for Gate Recess in E-Mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2025年第5期46卷 705-708页

作者： Chen, Yi-Ho Chu, Fu-Chuan Aslam, Muhammad Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Samukawa, Seiji National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology Solid State Devices Section Electronic System Research Division Taoyuan325 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Recess gate etching is a critical technique for achieving enhancement-mode (E-mode) AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) because the interface is susceptible to the etching damage. This study fabricates recess gates using the neutral beam etching (NBE) technique. By adjusting the aperture thickness in the NBE apparatus, we simulate both NB-mode and plasma-mode etching. The electrical characteristics of E-mode HEMTs fabricated using these two modes are analyzed and compared through DC, noise, and pulsed IV measurements. The results demonstrate that NB-recessed HEMTs exhibit superior performance. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride

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NOMA-Based Multi-Cell VLC Systems With Optical Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Resource Allocation for Energy Efficiency Maximization

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1691-1705页

作者： Liu, Zehao Yang, Fang Sun, Shiyuan Song, Jian Han, Zhu Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Widegap Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Beijing100084 China Research Institute of Tsinghua University Shenzhen518057 China Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based visible light communication (VLC) is considered a promising technique for next generation high-speed wireless communications. The emerging optical intelligent reflecting surface (OIRS) offers significant benefits to the NOMA-based VLC, since it can mitigate signal blockage issues of VLC and improve its performance by manipulating channel qualities of users. This paper investigates the enhancement of OIRS to the NOMA-based multi-cell VLC system and explores the resource allocation problem for the energy efficiency (EE) maximization. To this end, the channel gains of the system are discussed, considering both the line-of-sight and OIRS-reflected paths. Then, the system model of NOMA-based VLC is established and the optimization problem is formulated to maximize the overall EE of the system. Next, the original optimization problem is decomposed into three sub-problems, which are solved by the proposed algorithms iteratively. Moreover, the simulation results demonstrate the convergence of the proposed algorithm and the enhancement in EE achieved by OIRS, as well as the influence of key parameters on the system performance, which can offer insights on resource allocation for NOMA-based VLC systems with OIRS. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Accelerated Dynamic Event-Triggered Algorithm for Online Power System Optimization by Using Powerball Technique

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IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2025年第3期16卷 2348-2360页

作者： Hu, Chuanhao Zhang, Xuan Wu, Qiuwei Central South University School of Transportation Changsha410075 China Tsinghua University Smart Grid and Renewable Energy Laboratory Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China Queen’s University Belfast School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science BelfastBT8 5BN United Kingdom

Nowadays, online optimization for power systems has gained increasing attention due to many time-varying scenarios in practical applications. This paper proposes a novel feedback-based online algorithm for power system optimization problems by combining the powerball technique and a dynamic event-triggered mechanism, aiming to achieving a faster convergence rate and high communication efficiency simultaneously. In particular, a measurement-based prima-dual approach is utilized to solve the considered time-varying optimization problem. Taking the constrained resource issue, a more flexible triggering condition with a dynamic threshold is designed for dual variables to reduce communication burden. By further employing the powerball strategy, the primal-dual iteration is modified with an improved convergence rate. Finally, numerical experiments on test systems are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed online algorithm. It is shown that the proposed approach has superior convergence property especially in the initial process. Meanwhile, a better trade-off between the satisfactory system performance and communication resources consumption can be achieved. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Distribution Locational Marginal Emission for Carbon Alleviation in Distribution Networks: Formulation, Calculation, and Implication

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and engineering 2025年 22卷 15006-15017页

作者： Sang, Linwei Xu, Yinliang Sun, Hongbin Wu, Zaijun Wu, Qiuwei Wu, Wenchuan School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210018 China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518071 China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100190 China Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518000 China School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen's University Belfast BelfastBT8 5BN United Kingdom

Regulating the proper carbon-aware intervention policy is one of the keys to emission alleviation in the distribution network, whose basis lies in effectively attributing the emission responsibility using emission factors. This paper establishes the distribution locational marginal emission (DLME) to calculate the marginal change of emission from the marginal change of both active and reactive load demand for incentivizing carbon alleviation. It first formulates the day-head distribution network scheduling model based on the second-order cone program (SOCP). The emission propagation and responsibility are analyzed from demand to supply to system emission. Considering the complex and implicit mapping of the SOCP-based scheduling model, the implicit theorem is leveraged to exploit the optimal condition of SOCP. The corresponding SOCP-based implicit derivation approach is proposed to calculate the DLMEs effectively in a model-based way. Comprehensive numerical studies are conducted to verify the superiority of the proposed method by comparing its calculation efficacy to the conventional marginal estimation approach, assessing its effectiveness in carbon alleviation with comparison to the average emission factors, and evaluating its carbon alleviation ability of reactive DLME. Note to Practitioners - This paper proposes the novel distribution locational marginal emission (DLME) to calculate the marginal change of emission from the marginal change of both active and reactive load demand for incentivizing carbon alleviation in the distribution network. The proposed SOCP-based implicit derivation approach calculates the DLMEs effectively in a model-based way. The DLME can incentivize effective demand response for carbon alleviation in the distribution network. The proposed method can be applied to the distribution network management for carbon alleviation and emission reduction. We conduct case studies to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in various distribut

关键词： Numerical methods

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In-Storage Read-Centric Seed Location Filtering Using 3D-NAND Flash for Genome Sequence Analysis 25

In-Storage Read-Centric Seed Location Filtering Using 3D-NAN...

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30th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC 2025

作者： Zheng, You-Kai Wei, Ming-Liang Cheng, Hsiang-Yun Yang, Chia-Lin Tsai, Ming-Hsiang Chien, Chia-Chun Zhong, Yuan-Hao Tseng, Po-Hao Li, Hsiang-Pang Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Macronix International Co. Ltd. Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706356

Read mapping is a critical bottleneck in genome sequence analysis, requiring costly approximate string matching to identify potential matches between reads and a reference genome. Pre-alignment filtering methods aim to mitigate this issue by filtering out unnecessary mapping locations, and implementing them with processing-in-memory (PIM) approaches offers potential benefits by offloading filtering from the computing unit. However, the sparse number of potential mapping locations for each read limits the utilization of PIM's parallel computing capabilities, thereby hindering the overlapping of filtering and sequence alignment to hide filtering latency overheads. In this paper, we propose a 3D NAND-based in-storage pre-alignment filtering approach. Leveraging the read depth property, we introduce a read-centric pre-alignment filtering method that enables parallel comparison of multiple reads. We co-design software and hardware for in-situ processing of read-centric pre-alignment filtering within the storage, capitalizing on 3D NAND Flash's approximate parallel search capability. When integrating with a representative read mapping accelerator, our design achieves an average 1.36x performance improvement with comparable energy consumption. Compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) PIM solution, our design results in 123.8x and 53.3x performance gain and energy efficiency improvement. © 2025 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： In situ processing

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Resource Allocation for Fairness Enhancement in Multi-Cell Vehicular VLC System With Optical IRS: A Cooperative Transmission Approach

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16931-16946页

作者： An, Nan Yang, Fang Liu, Chang Cheng, Ling Song, Jian Han, Zhu Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology Beijing100081 China China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Signal and Communication Research Institute Beijing100081 China University of the Witwatersrand School of Electrical and Information Engineering Johannesburg2050 South Africa Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

In multi-cell downlink vehicular visible light communication (VLC) systems, vehicles at a cell edge experience lower achievable data rates compared with those at a cell center, primarily due to the weaker channel gain and inter-cell interference, leading to unfairness among vehicles. In this paper, a cooperative transmission approach is proposed for a vehicular VLC system with optical intelligent reflecting surface (OIRS) to enhance the max-min fairness of the system by leveraging the additional OIRS-reflected channels and the interference-mitigating capabilities of cooperative transmission. To this end, the system model is established, followed by the formulation of a resource allocation problem aiming at enhancing max-min fairness, in which the minimum achievable data rate among vehicles is optimized. Then, an effective resource algorithm is proposed, transforming the original problem into an equivalent form and subsequently decomposing it into three subproblems, focusing on OIRS assignment, subchannel allocation, and power adjustment, respectively. By employing a block coordinate descent algorithm, the three subproblems are solved iteratively until convergence. In addition, simulation results confirm the improvement in max-min fairness brought by OIRS and the proposed cooperative transmission approach. Moreover, compared with various baselines, the proposed resource allocation algorithm significantly enhances in the max-min fairness for the vehicular VLC system, crucial for this application. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Modeling of UV NLoS Communication Channels: From Atmospheric Scattering and Obstacle Reflection Perspectives

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1590-1606页

作者： Wu, Tianfeng Yang, Fang Cao, Tian Cheng, Ling Chen, Yupeng Song, Jian Cheng, Julian Han, Zhu Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Widegap Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Beijing100084 China Xidian University School of Telecommunications Engineering Xi’an710071 China University of the Witwatersrand School of Electrical and Information Engineering Johannesburg2000 South Africa Southern University of Science and Technology School of Microelectronics Shenzhen518055 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing100084 China Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China The University of British Columbia School of Engineering KelownaBCV1V 1V7 Canada University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Houston77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

As transceiver elevation angles increase from small to large, existing ultraviolet (UV) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) models encounter two challenges: 1) cannot estimate the channel characteristics of UV NLoS communication scenarios when there exists an obstacle in the overlap volume between the transmitter beam and the receiver field-of-view (FoV), and 2) cannot evaluate the channel path loss for the wide beam and wide FoV scenarios with existing simplified single-scattering path loss models. To address these challenges, a UV NLoS scattering model incorporating an obstacle was investigated, where the obstacle’s orientation angle, coordinates, and geometric dimensions were taken into account to approach actual application environments. Then, a UV NLoS reflection model was developed combined with specific geometric diagrams. Further, a simplified single-scattering path loss model was proposed with a closed-form expression. Finally, the proposed models were validated by comparing them with the Monte-Carlo photon-tracing model, the exact single-scattering model, and the latest simplified single-scattering model. Numerical results show that the path loss curves obtained by the proposed models agree well with those attained by related NLoS models under identical parameter settings, and avoiding obstacles is not always a good option for UV NLoS communications. Moreover, the accuracy of the proposed simplified model is superior to that of the existing simplified model for all kinds of transceiver FoV angles. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Radio transceivers

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