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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Yun-Chi Chen Tung Chao Wimaya Nitya Phandita Tzu-Yu Sun Huai-Zhi Wang Yi-Hsien Hsieh Le-Yin Hsu Che Lin Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan College of Bioresources and Agriculture NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Data Science Degree Program NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331518622

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518639

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a pivotal genetic marker influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Traditional MSI examination often requires additional genetic or immunohistochemical tests, whereas histology images, widely available in colorectal cancer diagnosis, offer a valuable alternative for MSI prediction. Although Transformer-based models have demonstrated promising outcomes in predicting MSI from histology images, they are hampered by traditional local attention mechanisms that struggle to capture long-range interdependencies and establish a comprehensive global receptive field. In this study, we introduce DiNAT-MSI, a novel framework for histology-based MSI prediction that incorporates the Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer (DiNAT). This model enhances global context recognition and substantially expands receptive fields, all without additional computational burden. Our results demonstrate that DiNAT-MSI achieves a superior patientwise AUROC compared to ResNet18 and Swin Transformer, along with commendable explainability. Our work not only illustrates a more accessible diagnostic tool for leveraging histological data but also underscores the potential of Transformerbased models with sophisticated attention designs in advancing precision medicine for colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Histopathology Computational modeling Precision medicine Small satellites Immunotherapy Colorectal cancer Predictive models Transformers Genetics

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Generative AI for Unmanned Vehicle Swarms: Challenges, Applications and Opportunities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Van Huynh, Nguyen Du, Hongyang Hoang, Dinh Thai Niyato, Dusit Zhu, Kun Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Jamalipour, Abbas In Kim, Dong The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GJ United Kingdom The School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia The College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

With recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics, unmanned vehicle swarms have received great attention from both academia and industry due to their potential to provide services that are difficult and dangerous to perform by humans. However, learning and coordinating movements and actions for a large number of unmanned vehicles in complex and dynamic environments introduce significant challenges to conventional AI methods. Generative AI (GAI), with its capabilities in complex data feature extraction, transformation, and enhancement, offers great potential in solving these challenges of unmanned vehicle swarms. For that, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey on applications, challenges, and opportunities of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms. Specifically, we first present an overview of unmanned vehicles and unmanned vehicle swarms as well as their use cases and existing issues. Then, an in-depth background of various GAI techniques together with their capabilities in enhancing unmanned vehicle swarms are provided. After that, we present a comprehensive review on the applications and challenges of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms with various insights and discussions. Finally, we highlight open issues of GAI in unmanned vehicle swarms and discuss potential research directions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Metadata

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Demonstration of a Polarization-Agnostic Geometric Phase in Nonlocal Metasurfaces

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Overvig, Adam Kasahara, Yoshiaki Xu, Gengyu Alù, Andrea Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center Graduate Center of the City University of New York United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas Austin United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York United States

Symmetry-driven phenomena arising in nonlocal metasurfaces supporting quasi-bound states in the continuum (q-BICs) have been opening new avenues to tailor enhanced light-matter interactions via perturbative design principles. Geometric phase concepts—observed in many physical systems—are particularly useful in nonlocal metasurfaces, as they enable to locally pattern the q-BIC scattering rate and phase across the metasurface aperture without affecting the delocalized nature of the q-BIC resonance. However, this control typically comes with stringent limitations in terms of efficiency and/or of polarization operation. Here, we unveil a new form of geometric phase control, accumulated along a continuous contour of geometric perturbations that parametrically encircle a singularity associated with a bound state. This response is obtained regardless of the chosen polarization state, which can be rationally specified by a judicious choice of the perturbation geometry. Our findings extend geometric phase concepts to arbitrary polarizations, including linear and elliptical states, with near-unity scattering efficiency. This polarization-agnostic geometric phase offers new opportunities for wavefront manipulation, multifunctional operation and light emission, with applications in augmented reality, secure communications, wireless systems, imaging, lasing, nonlinear and quantum optics. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Polarization

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Channel Estimation for Optical Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted VLC System: A Joint Space-Time Sampling Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sun, Shiyuan Yang, Fang Mei, Weidong Song, Jian Han, Zhu Zhang, Rui The Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China The Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States The Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

Optical intelligent reflecting surface (OIRS) has attracted increasing attention due to its capability of overcoming signal blockages in visible light communication (VLC), an emerging technology for the next-generation advanced transceivers. However, current works on OIRS predominantly assume known channel state information (CSI), which are essential to practical OIRS configuration. To bridge such a gap, this paper proposes a new and customized channel estimation protocol for OIRSs under the alignment-based channel model. Specifically, we first unveil OIRS spatial and temporal coherence characteristics and derive the coherence distance and the coherence time in closed-form. Next, to achieve fast beam alignment over different coherence time, we propose to dynamically tune the rotational angles of the OIRS reflecting elements following a geometric optics-based non-uniform codebook. Given the above beam alignment, we propose an efficient joint space-time sampling-based algorithm to estimate the OIRS channel. In particular, we divide the OIRS into multiple subarrays based on the coherence distance and sequentially estimate their associated CSI, followed by a spacetime interpolation to retrieve full CSI for other non-aligned transceiver antennas. Numerical results validate our theoretical analyses and demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed OIRS channel estimation scheme as compared to other benchmark schemes. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel estimation

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Optical IRS for Visible Light Communication: Modeling, Design, and Open Issues

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

Optical intelligent reflecting surface (OIRS) offers a new and effective approach to resolving the line-of-sight blockage issue in visible light communication (VLC) by enabling redirection of light to bypass obstacles, thereby dramatically enhancing indoor VLC coverage and reliability. This article provides a comprehensive overview of OIRS for VLC, including channel modeling, design techniques, and open issues. First, we present the characteristics of OIRS-reflected channels and introduce two practical models, namely, optics model and association model, which are then compared in terms of applicable conditions, configuration methods, and channel parameters. Next, under the more practically appealing association model, we discuss the main design techniques for OIRS-aided VLC systems, including beam alignment, channel estimation, and OIRS reflection optimization. Finally, open issues are identified to stimulate future research in this area. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visible light communication

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Measurement of peripheral nerve magnetostimulation thresholds of a head solenoid coil between 200 Hz and 88.1 kHz

引用

IEEE Journal of Translational engineering in Health and Medicine 2025年 13卷 275-285页

作者： Barksdale, Alex C. Ferris, Natalie G. Mattingly, Eli Sliwiak, Monika Guerin, Bastien Wald, Lawrence L. Davids, Mathias Klein, Valerie MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA United States Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging CharlestownMA United States Harvard University Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics CambridgeMA United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Objective: Magnetic fields switching at kilohertz frequencies induce electric fields in the body, which can cause peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). Although magnetostimulation has been extensively studied below 10 kHz, the behavior of PNS at higher frequencies remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate PNS thresholds at frequencies up to 88.1 kHz and to explore deviations from the widely accepted hyperbolic strength-duration curve (SDC). Methods and procedures: PNS thresholds were measured in the head of 8 human volunteers using a solenoidal coil at 16 distinct frequencies, ranging from 200 Hz to 88.1 kHz. A hyperbolic SDC was used as a reference to compare the frequency-dependent behavior of PNS thresholds. Results: Contrary to the predictions of the hyperbolic SDC, PNS thresholds did not decrease monotonically with frequency. Instead, thresholds reached a minimum near 25 kHz, after which they increased by an average of 39% from 25 kHz to 88.1 kHz across subjects. This pattern indicates a significant deviation from previously observed behavior at lower frequencies. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PNS thresholds exhibit a non-monotonic frequency dependence at higher frequencies, diverging from the traditional hyperbolic SDC. These findings offer critical data for refining neurodynamic models and provide insights for setting PNS safety limits in applications like MRI gradient coils and magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Further investigation is needed to understand the biological mechanisms driving these deviations beyond 25 kHz. Clinical impact: These findings call for further basic research into biological mechanisms underlying high frequency PNS threshold trends, and supports refinement of safety guidelines for MRI and MPI systems for clinical implementation. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Zema Dataset: A Comprehensive Study of Yaredawi Zema with a Focus on Horologium Chants

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Muluneh, Mequanent Argaw Peng, Yan-Tsung Degife, Worku Abebe Tadesse, Nigussie Abate Demeku, Aknachew Mebreku Su, Li Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Information System University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Taiwan Department of Information Management National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Material Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Computational music research plays a critical role in advancing music production, distribution, and understanding across various musical styles in the world. Despite the immense cultural and religious significance, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (EOTC) chants are relatively underrepresented in computational music research. This paper contributes to this field by introducing a new dataset specifically tailored for the analysis of EOTC chants, also known as Yaredawi Zema. This work provides a comprehensive overview of a 10-hour dataset, 369 instances, creation, and curation process, including rigorous quality assurance measures. Our dataset has a detailed word-level temporal boundary and reading tone annotation along with the corresponding chanting mode label of audios. Moreover, we have also identified the chanting options associated with multiple chanting notations in the manuscript by annotating them accordingly. Our goal in making this dataset available to the public1 is to encourage more research and study of EOTC chants, including lyrics transcription, lyric-to-audio alignment, and music generation tasks. Such research work will advance knowledge and efforts to preserve this distinctive liturgical music, a priceless cultural artifact for the Ethiopian people. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Music

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Exploring Collaborative Distributed Diffusion-Based AI-Generated Content (AIGC) in Wireless Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Zhang, Ruichen Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Kim, Dong In Shen, Xuemin Poor, H. Vincent The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

Driven by advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and algorithms, the widespread adoption of AI-generated content (AIGC) has emerged, allowing for the generation of diverse and high-quality content. Especially, the diffusion model-based AIGC technique has been widely used to generate content in a variety of modalities. However, the real-world implementation of AIGC models, particularly on resource-constrained devices such as mobile phones, introduces significant challenges related to energy consumption and privacy concerns. To further promote the realization of ubiquitous AIGC services, we propose a novel collaborative distributed diffusion-based AIGC framework. By capitalizing on collaboration among devices in wireless networks, the proposed framework facilitates the efficient execution of AIGC tasks, optimizing edge computation resource utilization. Furthermore, we examine the practical implementation of the denoising steps on mobile phones, the impact of the proposed approach on the wireless network-aided AIGC landscape, and the future opportunities associated with its real-world integration. The contributions of this paper not only offer a promising solution to the existing limitations of AIGC services but also pave the way for future research in device collaboration, resource optimization, and the seamless delivery of AIGC services across various devices. Our code is available at https://***/HongyangDu/DistributedDiffusion. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Measurement of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Cross-Linked Gelatins Using the Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Technique

Measurement of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Cross-Linked G...

引用

CLEO: Applications and Technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Walden, D. Chakraborty, D. Cheng, J. Straksys, A. Stirke, A. Melo, W.C.M.A. Jukna, A. Komissarov, I. Sobolewski, Roman Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester RochesterNY14623-1299 United States Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences & Technology Vilnius Lithuania Department of Physics Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Vilnius Lithuania Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States

A novel method has been developed to evaluate the water diffusion dynamics in gelatin-based gels, based on transient terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements. Such gels are widely used models for human skin. &#... 详细信息

关键词： Terahertz spectroscopy

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Measurement of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Cross-Linked Gelatins Using the Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Technique

Measurement of Water Diffusion Coefficient in Cross-Linked G...

引用

2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Transient analysis

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