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Recent advances in nanomaterials-based optical sensors for detection of various biomarkers (inorganic species, organic and biomolecules)

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Luminescence 2023年第7期38卷 954-998页

作者： Harshita Wu, Hui-Fen Kailasa, Suresh Kumar Department of Chemistry Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Gujarat Surat India Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Technology National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan International PhD Program for Science National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan

This review briefly emphasizes the different detection approaches (electrochemical sensors, chemiluminescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering), functional nanostructure materials (quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, metal nanoclusters, magnetic nanomaterials, metal oxide nanoparticles, polymer-based nanomaterials, and carbonaceous nanomaterials) and detection mechanisms. Furthermore, the emphasis of this review is on the integration of functional nanomaterials with optical spectroscopic techniques for the identification of various biomarkers (nucleic acids, glucose, uric acid, oxytocin, dopamine, ascorbic acid, bilirubin, spermine, serotonin, thiocyanate, Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, F−, peptides), and cancer biomarkers (mucin 1, prostate specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA15-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6). Analytical characteristics of nanomaterials-based optical sensors are summarized in the tables, providing the insights of nanomaterials-based optical sensors for biomarkers detection. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of nanomaterials-based optical analytical approaches for the detection of various biomarkers (inorganic, organic, biomolecules, peptides and proteins) are discussed. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Biomarkers

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DEEP SOUTH URBAN AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER INDUCES CYTOTOXIC AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN A549 CELLS

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

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Biomedical sciences Instrumentation 2024年第2期60卷 188-201页

作者： Pacurari, M. Cox, I. Kafoury, R. Komolafe, K. Kodedoye, O. Farah, I. Department of Biology College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States Environmental Science PhD Program College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States

Exposure to ambient air pollution component particulate matter (PM) in urban environments has been associated with adverse health effects to the exposed population. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of lung A549 cells to ambient particulate matter (PM) extracts (EE) collected from a geographical site in south of city limits of Jackson, Mississippi. PM was collected from the site, extracted, and characterized for chemical composition and microscopic analysis using SEM. Following characterization, the EE was used to treat A549 cells, and various cellular responses were assessed. Our SEM analysis of EE indicated the presence of micrometer-sized particles, and elemental analysis indicated the presence of elements such as C, Si, Fe, S, N, P, and Ca. Cell viability decreased in a dose- and timedependent manner following exposure to EE. Inflammatory gene IL-1β, chemokine CCL-18 and MIP-1, and transcription factor NF-кB were upregulated by EE. EE also increased the level of ROS and mitochondria. In conclusion, our data indicates that EE is cytotoxic, inflammatory, and an oxidant to lung cells Also, the findings of the present study highlight the potential health risks associated with exposure to air pollution and inflammatory lung disease. © 2024 IAE All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Customer Segment Classification Prediction in the Australian Retail Based on Machine Learning Algorithms 4

Customer Segment Classification Prediction in the Australian...

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4th international Conference on Machine Learning and Computer Application, ICMLCA 2023

作者： Luo, Yiming Zhang, Rui Wang, Fei Wei, Tao Business Schoo The University of Sydney Sydney Australia Computer and Information Sciences Program Harrisburg University of Science and Technology Harrisburg United States Faculty of Science and Technology Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Sichuan University of Science and Engineering Zigong China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709449

Customer segmentation is an essential area of business analytics today. Accurate customer segmentation is access to improves the efficiency of marketing campaigns and customer satisfaction. This study employs multiple machine learning methods to classify Australian Retail company BIGW's customer segments and first to apply multiple model explanation methods to find insights related to customer segmentation identification. After rigorous comparison and hyperparameter fine-tuning, XGBoost is the most adept for this dataset. We derive three key insights through the model results and model interpretive methods. First, BIGW's primary clientele comprises young families in urban areas who prefer cost-effective products, establishing the foundation of their consumer base. Second, the model result indicates a notable gap in BIGW's understanding of its high-end customers, suggesting an area for immediate attention. Third, a specific customer segment emerges from the data: individuals favoring online shopping, demonstrating high total expenditure but low interest in promotions, representing a high-value segment. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Customer satisfaction

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Effects of ambient silicic acid concentration on the physiology of marine cyanobacterial Synechococcus

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Marine environmental Research 2025年 209卷 107220页

作者： Ou, Qiang Xu, Huo Zhang, Zhen Ma, Jie Pan, Ke Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Shenzhen China SZU-HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental Science Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Ocean Science The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

The marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus can accumulate significant amounts of silicon (Si) within its cells, potentially contributing to the vertical transport of biogenic Si in the ocean. This has prompted interest in understanding the uptake, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms of Si in Synechococcus. The surprisingly high intracellular Si concentration could have important impacts on Synechococcus physiology, but these effects have been relatively unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of external Si concentrations, [Si(OH)4], on the cell physiology of two strains of Synechococcus (CC9311 and WH7803). Increased ambient [Si(OH)4] significantly enhanced total cellular and water-soluble Si content in Synechococcus, but had little effect on their growth. However, the cell size, volume and photosynthetic performance were significantly reduced in strain WH7803, indicating some harmful effects in the cell. Increases in ambient [Si(OH)4] also altered the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) modulus, adhesion, surface potential and elemental composition of the Synechococcus cells. Notably, significant changes in area-specific adsorbed metals and volume-specific metal content were observed at higher [Si(OH)4] levels, suggesting Si availability in seawater could markedly impact the interactions between Synechococcus cell and environment. Overall, this study provides new insights into the physiological adaptations of marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus to varying environmental silicic acid concentrations. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Psychophysiology

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Spatial characteristics and health risks assessments of trace metal pollution from road dusts in the industrialized city of Bangladesh

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Heliyon 2025年第2期11卷 e42008页

作者： Howlader, Masum Mamun, Ashik Md Rahman, Mohammad Mahfuzur Rahman, Md Hasibur Chandra Swarnokar, Sadhon Sultana, Mahfuza Rahman, Md Tanvir Das, Tusar Kumar Department of Environmental Science and Technology Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh Department of Climate and Disaster Management Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh Environmental Science Discipline Khulna University Khulna 9208 Bangladesh International Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

This study aimed to explore the presence of trace metallic pollutants and its associated health hazards in street dust from Gazipur City, one of Bangladesh's heavily industrialized urban centers. Thirty samples of street dust were collected, considering the city's industrial activity and population density. These samples underwent analysis using ICP-MS to detect potential toxic trace metals. Subsequently, the level of pollution and the associated human health risks were evaluated. The mean concentration of Bi (3.56 ± 2.10 mg/kg), Cd (0.71 ± 0.29 mg/kg), Co (4.03 ± 1.09 mg/kg), Cr (29.05 ± 25.44 mg/kg), Cu (17.36 ± 40.56 mg/kg), Ga (134.96 ± 45.39 mg/kg), In (2.25 ± 1.32 mg/kg), Mn (195.13 ± 191.15 mg/kg), Ni (20.31 ± 19.67 mg/kg), Pb (16.28 ± 3.68 mg/kg), Ti (1.72 ± 1.51 mg/kg) and Zn (44.96 ± 22.40 mg/kg). The element-specific environmental indices represent that the geo-accumulation index follows the descending order In (3.55 ± 1.54) > Bi (3.48 ± 1.08) > Ga (2.51 ± 0.48) > Cd (1.06 ± 0.73) > Pb (−0.23 ± 0.33), while the contamination factor fallows the descending order In (22.54 ± 12.57) > Bi (20.96 ± 12.13) > Ga (8.99 ± 2.97) > Cd (3.53 ± 1.41) > Pb (1.30 ± 0.29) > Zn (0.64 ± 0.31). The average calculated pollution load index is 0.68. The results of the dendrogram showed that those toxic trace metallic pollutants mainly originate from two different sources. The results of PCA (principal component analysis) also support the results of the dendrogram, which illustrate that the corrosion and weathering of automobile parts and other metal materials are the main contributors of Cd, Co, Cr, and Pb. In contrast, the use of leaded gasoline, corrosion in car surfaces and road paint are the main contributors of lead in road dust. The hazard index (HI) showed that Cr, Co, and Pb impose moderate to high non-carcinogenic human health risks. The infant's cancer risk for Cd (1.66⁻⁰⁵) and Cr (1.59⁻⁰⁴) is very close to the upper limit (10⁻⁴ to 10<

关键词： Human health risk Pollution load Spatial distribution Street dust Toxic trace metal

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Improving the crosslinking of collagen casing and glutaraldehyde by facilitating the formation of conjugate structure via pH

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Collagen and Leather 2024年第3期6卷 66-79页

作者： Zhe Yu Jingmin Wu Ting Zhang Chi Chen Yun Ma Hongxiang Liu Bor-Sen Chiou Fei Liu Jian Li State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Science Center for Future FoodsSchool of Food Science and TechnologyInternational Joint Laboratory on Food SafetyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Jiaxing Institute of Future Food Jiaxing 314050China Department of Food Technology Food Safety and HealthFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 653Ghent 9000Belgium Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyShantou 515063China Western Regional Research Center ARSU.S.Department of AgricultureAlbanyCA 94710USA Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology School of Environment and EcologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Glutaraldehyde(GTA) crosslinking is commonly used to improve the thermal stability and mechanical strength of collagen casings. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal pH of the crosslinking between GTA and collagen as well as the crosslinking mechanisms. The weakly alkaline environment could facilitate the generation of GTA polymerization through the rapid generation of -C=C-C=O and -N=C-C=C- conjugated structures, and enhance the crosslinking reaction of GTA polymers with collagen amino groups. In the pH range of 8–10, the fibril diameter and d-space value declined significantly in the self-assembled collagen fibril-GTA system. Meanwhile, collagen casing films crosslinked with GTA in weakly alkaline conditions exhibited higher mechanical strength and thermal stability. These results suggest that the crosslinking of collagen casings and GTA can be improved by adjusting the pH. Possible crosslinking mechanisms related to the formation of conjugated long chains have also been proposed. This study could provide guidance on the appropriate use of GTA in the production process of collagen casings.

关键词： Glutaraldehyde Collagen casings Crosslinking pH Conjugate structure

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Hepatitis B surface antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-viral-load

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Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Australia) 2024年第11期39卷 2327-2331页

作者： Jang, Tyng-Yuan Batsaikhan, Batbold Chen, Yo-Chia Dai, Chia-Yen PhD Program of Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Pingtung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare Ping-Tung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Medical Sciences Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences Ulaanbaatar Mongolia Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan College of Professional Studies National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Background and Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was 10 IU/mL vs 2.3 log10 IU/mL;P = 0.003), and higher proportion of prior NAs-treated history. Logistic regression analysis revealed ... 详细信息

Background and Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was < 2000 IU/mL), the factor of the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) remained elusive. Methods: The retrospective study recruited patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who were negative low for hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), had a low viral load, and experienced HBsAg loss during follow-up. CHB patients with low-viral load but without consequent HBsAg loss were also enrolled at the ratio of 1:4. The factors contributing to HBsAg loss were analyzed. Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited for the current study, with a mean age of 63.9 years and 61.3% being male. Among them, 62.5% patients (50/80) were treated with potent nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) during the follow-up period. Additionally, 12.5% patients (10/80) had a prior history of NAs treatment before enrolment. During the follow-up, HBsAg loss occurred in 17 patients (21.3%). Compared with patients without HBsAg loss, those with HBsAg loss were younger (57.9 years vs 65.5 years;P = 0.01), had lower HBV DNA levels (1.3 log₁₀ IU/mL vs 2.3 log₁₀ IU/mL;P = 0.003), and higher proportion of prior NAs-treated history. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with factors associated with HBsAg loss were age < 60 years (OR/CI: 3.95/1.15–13.60, P = 0.03), prior NAs-treated history (OR/CI: 7.59/1.42–40.51, P = 0.01) and current NAs-treated (OR/CI: 0.19/0.05–0.71, P = 0.01). Conclusions: In the study, older age and prior NAs were positively associated with HBsAg loss, and current NAs was negatively associated with HBsAg loss. Additionally, some patients experienced HBsAg loss during the NAs therapy. © 2024 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

关键词： HBeAg HBsAg HBV NAs viral load

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Mo-terminated edges in two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide for site-specific hydrolysis and DNA cleavage

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Materials Today 2025年 86卷 162-171页

作者： Wang, Cong Wu, Menghan Li, Muqing Zhao, Yingcan Zhao, Mingchuang Zhang, Yunhao Bai, Yichao Gao, Jianxiang Wang, Xiaoxia Tian, Xilin Zhang, Han Chang, Liang Zou, Xiaolong Liu, Bilu Kang, Feiyu Terrones, Mauricio Lei, Yu Institute of Materials Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering and Materials & Center of Double Helix Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Institute of Materials Research & Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Layered Materials for Value-added Applications Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Environmental Science Program Department of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Guangdong519087 China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Sciences Center for 2-Dimensional and Layered Materials The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

The hydrolysis of DNA serves as the foundational principle for gene engineering that enable precise gene cleavage at the molecular level. This process typically occurs in biological nucleases, which exhibit nucleobase-selective and catalytic hydrolysis capabilities rarely replicated in abiotic nanomaterials. Here, we demonstrate that molybdenum-terminated (Mo-terminated) edges of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) possess the unique ability to abstract a proton (H+) from water molecules, thereby facilitating catalytic hydrolysis reactions that cleave the phosphodiester bonds in DNA through the action of hydroxide ions. The enhanced proton absorption at Mo-terminated edges of MoS2 significantly reduces the activation energy required for the DNA hydrolysis reaction. Furthermore, the favorable interaction between the Mo-terminated edges and thymine nucleobases promotes both charge transfer and P-O bond cleavage, enabling targeted DNA hydrolysis at 'TTTTTTT' sequences under dark conditions. This discovery underscores the potential of MoS2 as a stable, efficient nanosystem for precise genetic editing, heralding advanced applications in the field of gene engineering. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Activation energy

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Of mice and cats: interspecific variation in prey responses to direct and indirect predator cues

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Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2023年第1期77卷 1-15页

作者： Best, Ian Nicholas Shaner, Pei-Jen Lee Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi Kuo, Chi-Chien Biodiversity Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Life Sciences National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Rd. Taipei City 116 Taiwan Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies National Dong Hwa University Hualien Taiwan Institute of Wildlife Conservation College of Veterinary Medicine National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Neipu Taiwan

Abstract: Prey behavioral responses to predation risk cues may vary between species;moreover, the strength of these behaviors may differ depending on risk cue. In northwestern Taiwan, we used the giving up density (GUD) framework supported with camera trap observations to test how two wild murid rodents that differ by up to fivefold in body size (striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, and lesser rice-field rat, Rattus losea) altered their foraging behavior depending on microhabitat characteristics (indirect predator cues) and exposure to predator odors (direct predator cues) of three felids: the native leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), the introduced domestic cat (Felis catus), and the exotic bobcat (Lynx rufus). GUD was not affected by predator odors but rather by microhabitat type;rodents removed more seeds under the cover of vegetation compared to exposed food stations, which may reflect a proactive approach to avoiding high-risk areas in a heterogeneous environment. The smaller mouse, A. agrarius, spent more time foraging in experimental food patches compared to the larger rat, R. losea, irrespective of predator odor. Conversely, R. losea spent more time investigating stations and exhibiting vigilance compared to A. agrarius. Species-level differences are consistent with behavioral phenomenon that smaller, “faster” species confer more boldness compared to larger, “slower” species, which reinforces the connection between behavior and pace of life, and further elucidates how the behavior of different prey species may not be interchangeable in contexts of risk. Significance statement: In the wild, animals eat while trying not to be eaten. Therefore, preys often change their behavior in response to risk cues, but the intricacies of these behavioral shifts can be complex and vary between species. With the use of camera trap monitoring and experimental food patches, we were able to examine fine-scale species-specific behaviors and test for dissimilarities. Two

关键词： Behaviors Foraging Giving up density (GUD) Microhabitat Predation risk Vigilance

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Demonstrating Galileo Has in Single Point Positioning

Demonstrating Galileo Has in Single Point Positioning

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Metrology for Automotive (MetroAutomotive), IEEE international Workshop on

作者： Giovanni Cappello Antonio Angrisano Silvia Ascione Silvio Del Pizzo Ciro Gioia Gabriele Portelli Melania Susi Salvatore Gaglione Department of Science and Technology International PhD Programme / UNESCO Chair "Environment Resources and Sustainable Development" Parthenope University of Naples Naples Italy Department of Engineering Messina University Messina Italy Department of Science and Technology International PhD Programme/"Environmental Phenomena and Risks (EnPheR)" Parthenope University of Naples Naples Italy Department of Science and Technology Parthenope University of Naples Naples Italy Independert Researcher Ispra Italy Joint Research Centre Italy

The importance of an accurate PNT (Position, Navigation, Timing) information is nowadays consolidated in the navigation field. Easy of use and robustness make Single Point Positioning (SPP) one of the most used techniques to compute navigation information, on the other hand, employing SPP may not lead to the achievement of the required performance, especially in challenging scenario. Different techniques or services could be used in order to achieve the target performance; in particular, the recent Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) could enhance the position accuracy. Several applications can benefit of HAS in particular geomatics, automotive, aviation, and maritime. This novel service provides corrections for orbits, code, phase, and satellite clock for Galileo and GPS (Global Positioning System) systems. Corrections are broadcast through the Galileo E6-B signal or other means (i.e., internet), and they have a global coverage. Even if HAS corrections are meant for the PPP (Precise Point Positioning) technique, in this study, they are applied to the SPP technique in order to assess the possible improvements in solution accuracy.

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