Ensuring global food security requires a sound understanding of climate and environmental controls on crop *** majority of existing assessments have focused on physical climate vari-ables(i.e.,mean temperature and pre...
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Ensuring global food security requires a sound understanding of climate and environmental controls on crop *** majority of existing assessments have focused on physical climate vari-ables(i.e.,mean temperature and precipitation),but less on the increasing climate extremes(e.g.,drought)and their interactions with increasing levels of tropospheric ozone(O3).Here we quantify the combined impacts of drought and O3 on China’s crop yield using a comprehensive,process-based agricultural eco-system model in conjunction with observational *** results indicate that climate change/variability and O3 together led to an annual mean reduction of crop yield by 10.0%or 55 million tons per year at the national level during *** yield shows a growing threat from severe episodic droughts and in-creasing O3 concentrations since 2000,with the largest crop yield losses occurring in northern China,causing serious concerns in food supply security in *** results imply that reducing tropospheric O3 levels is critical for securing crop production in coping with increasing frequency and severity of extreme climate events such as *** air quality should be a core component of climate adaptation strategies.
Using principal component analysis, a climate index is developed to estimate the linkage between climate and crop yields. The indices based on three climate projections are then applied to forecast future crop yield r...
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Using principal component analysis, a climate index is developed to estimate the linkage between climate and crop yields. The indices based on three climate projections are then applied to forecast future crop yield responses. We identify spatial heterogeneity of crop yield responses to future climate change across a number of U.S. northern and southern states. The results indicate that future hotter/drier weather conditions will likely have significant negative impacts on southern states, whereas only mild impacts are expected in most northern states.
In the experiment described in this article, students gain an awareness of the environmental problems caused by invasive species. Students simulate invasive plant-litter depths, using pots containing germinating nativ...
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In the experiment described in this article, students gain an awareness of the environmental problems caused by invasive species. Students simulate invasive plant-litter depths, using pots containing germinating native plant seeds, soil, and plant litter, to understand how human-in- troduced invasive species can hinder the germination and growth of native plants. This lesson is geared toward grades 6-8 and was originally taught near the end of the school year as part of a unit on ecology and invasive species. Prior to this activity, students should have learned about data analysis, the structure and function of a cell, meiosis and mitosis, genetics, and evolution. Teachers Should allow three to four weeks for setup and monitoring of and reporting on the lab during the month of May. (Because each classroom has unique requirements and time constraints, this experiment can be formatted to fit within those guidelines; however, a detailed sample time line can be found with the online version of this article at ***/mid- dleschool/connections. aspx.) by Akasha Faist, Pam Collinge, lan Schwartz, and Sharon Collinge.
In the version of this article initially published, the name of author Manuela Gago-Dominguez was misspelled as Manuela Gago Dominguez. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF version of the article.
In the version of this article initially published, the name of author Manuela Gago-Dominguez was misspelled as Manuela Gago Dominguez. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF version of the article.
High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to dat...
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High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic and phylogenetic papers on the fungi where materials were collected from many countries,examined and *** addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate a...
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This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic and phylogenetic papers on the fungi where materials were collected from many countries,examined and *** addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic positions of taxa within appropriate ***ever new species or combinations are proposed,we apply an integrative approach using morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever *** on 112 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper including Biatriosporaceae and Roussoellaceae,Didysimulans ***.,81 new species,18 new host records and new country records,five reference specimens,two new combinations,and three sexual and asexual morph *** new species are Amanita cornelii,***,Angustimassarina alni,***,***,***,***,Ascochyta italica,***,Austroboletus appendiculatus,Barriopsis thailandica,Berkleasmium ariense,Calophoma petasitis,Camarosporium laburnicola,***,***,***,***,Colletotrichum sambucicola,Coprinopsis cerkezii,Cytospora gelida,Dacrymyces chiangraiensis,Didysimulans italica,***,Entodesmium italica,Entoloma magnum,Evlachovaea indica,Exophiala italica,Favolus gracilisporus,Femsjonia monospora,Fomitopsis flabellata,***,Gongronella brasiliensis,Helvella crispoides,Hermatomyces chiangmaiensis,***nae,Hysterium centramurum,Inflatispora caryotae,Inocybe brunneosquamulosa,***,***,Keissleriella cirsii,Lepiota cylindrocystidia,***,***,Lophiotrema guttulata,Marasmius luculentus,Morenoina calamicola,Moelleriella thanathonensis,Mucor stercorarius,Myrmecridium fluviae,Myrothecium septentrionale,Neosetophoma garethjonesii,Nigrograna cangshanensis,Nodulosphaeria guttulatum,***tata,***,Panus subf
In the FANTOM5 project, transcription initiation events across the human and mouse genomes were mapped at a single base-pair resolution and their frequencies were monitored by CAGE (Cap Analysis of Gene Expression) co...
In the FANTOM5 project, transcription initiation events across the human and mouse genomes were mapped at a single base-pair resolution and their frequencies were monitored by CAGE (Cap Analysis of Gene Expression) coupled with single-molecule sequencing. Approximately three thousands of samples, consisting of a variety of primary cells, tissues, cell lines, and time series samples during cell activation and development, were subjected to a uniform pipeline of CAGE data production. The analysis pipeline started by measuring RNA extracts to assess their quality, and continued to CAGE library production by using a robotic or a manual workflow, single molecule sequencing, and computational processing to generate frequencies of transcription initiation. Resulting data represents the consequence of transcriptional regulation in each analyzed state of mammalian cells. Non-overlapping peaks over the CAGE profiles, approximately 200,000 and 150,000 peaks for the human and mouse genomes, were identified and annotated to provide precise location of known promoters as well as novel ones, and to quantify their activities.
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