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Biomechanical comparisons of dynamic fixators with rod-rod and screw-spacer joints on lumbar hybrid fixation

Clinical Biomechanics 2023年 104卷 105943-105943页

作者： Xu, Yu-Kun Weng, Pei-Wei Chen, Shih-Hao Lin, Shang-Chih Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Tzu Chi General Hospital at Taichung and Tzu Chi University Taiwan

Background: Hybrid fixators with quite different joint design concepts have been widely to suppress adjacent segment degeneration problems. The kinematic and kinetic responses of the adjacent and transition segments and contact behaviors at the bone-screw interfaces served as the objective of this study. Methods: The moderately degenerated L4/L5 and mildly degenerative L3/L4 segments were respectively immobilized by a static fixator and further bridged by the rod-rod (Isobar) and screw-spacer (Dynesys) fixator. The joint stiffness and mobility of the rod-rod system and the cable pretension of the screw-spacer system were systematically varied. Findings: The flexion of the screw-spacer system provided higher mobility to the transition segment, reducing adjacent-segment problems. The cable pretension had a minor effect on the construct behavior. However, due to limited joint mobility, the rod-rod system showed higher constraints to the transition segment and induced more adjacent-segment compensations. The increased mobility of the rod-rod joint caused it to behave as a more dynamic fixator that increased adjacent-segment compensations at the transition segment. Comparatively, increasing the joint mobility showed more significant effects on the construct behaviors than decreasing the joint stiffness. Furthermore, increased constraint by the rod-rod joint induced higher stress and risk of loosening at the bone-screw interfaces Interpretation: If the protection of the transition segment is the major concern, the rod-rod system can be used to constrain the intervertebral motion and share the higher loads through the fixator. Otherwise, the screw-spacer system is recommended in situations where higher loads onto the transition disc are allowable. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Screws

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Comparative studies on characterizations and cytotoxicity of oil extracted from Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) G2 spore using Soxhlet extraction and microwave-assisted extraction

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Applied Food Research 2024年第2期4卷

作者： Senphan, Theeraphol Benjakul, Soottawat Sukketsiri, Wanida Chotphruethipong, Lalita Sriket, Chodsana Program in Food Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Agro-Industry Maejo University Chiangmai Sansai 50290 Thailand International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University Songkhla Hat Yai 90110 Thailand Division of Health and Applied Sciences Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Songkhla Hat Yai 90110 Thailand Department of Food Science Faculty of Science Burapha University Chonburi Mueang Chonburi 20131 Thailand Food Innovation and Management Program Department of General Science and Liberal Arts King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Prince of Chumphon Campus Chumphon Pathiu 86160 Thailand

This study aimed to compare the characteristics, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of Ganoderma lucidum G2 spore (GLS) oil extracted using two different extraction methods, including Soxhlet extraction (SLE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The SLE method yielded higher oil content than the MAE method. MAE-extracted oil showed higher lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) values but lower redness (a*) values. Both methods provided similar fatty acid compositions in GLS oils, including palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid as major components. Higher saturated fatty acid content was found in SLE-extracted oil, while MAE-extracted oil had increased levels of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. The oil obtained from SLE showed slightly higher di- and tri-glycerides than that obtained from MAE (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MAE-extracted oil had high oxidative stability as indicated by lower levels of conjugated diene (CD), peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and free fatty acids (FFA) as compared to SLE (P < 0.05). MAE-extracted oil had a higher total triterpenoid content than SLE-extracted oil (P < 0.05). Also, MAE-extracted oil showed lower DPPH radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) than SLE-extracted oil (P < 0.05). FTIR spectra of both samples exhibited similar functional groups. Additionally, oils obtained from both processes (at 0.1–10 µg/mL) showed low toxicity on Caco-2 cells (P > 0.05). Therefore, GLS oil with high antioxidant activity and oxidative stability, especially oil extracted by MAE, could be a food supplement for health. Also, the MAE used was a potential implement for extracting oil from GLS. © 2024

关键词： Antioxidant activity Cytotoxicity G. lucidum spore Microwave-assisted extraction Oil Soxhlet extraction

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The FIB-4 scores in the emergency department to predict the outcomes of COVID-19 patients in taiwan

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Heliyon 2024年第4期10卷 e25649页

作者： Liu, Chia-Yu Chou, San-Fang Chiang, Pei-Ying Sun, Jen-Tang Tsai, Kuang-Chau Jaw, Fu-Shan Chang, Chung-Ta Fan, Chieh-Min Wu, Yuan-Hui Lee, Peng-Yu Hsieh, Chia-Ying Chen, Jie-Ming Hsieh, Chien-Chieh Department of Radiology Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei City Taiwan Department of Medical Research Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Hospital Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Medical Education Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine Ten Chan General Hospital Zhongli Dist Taoyuan City Taiwan International Bachelor Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan

Objective: We aimed to determine the reliability of using the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index in COVID-19 patients without underlying liver illness. Method: We employed multivariate logistic regression to identify variables that exhibited statistically significant influence on the ultimate outcome. Multilayer perceptron analysis was employed to develop a prediction model for the FIB-4 index concerning ICU admission and intubation rates. However, the scarcity of cases rendered the assessment of the mortality rate unfeasible. We plotted ROC curves to analyze the predictive strength of the FIB-4 index across various age groups. Result: In univariate logistic regression, only the FIB-4 index and respiratory rate demonstrated statistical significance on all poor outcomes. The FIB-4 index for mortality prediction had an ROC and AUC of 0.863 (95% CI: 0.781–0.9444). It demonstrates predictive power across age groups, particularly for age ≥65 (AUC: 0.812, 95% CI: 0.6571–0.9673) and age <65 (AUC: 0.878, 95% CI: 0.8012–0.9558). Its sensitivity for intubation and ICU admission prediction is suboptimal. Conclusion: FIB-4 index had promising power in prediction of mortality rate in all age groups. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： COVID-19 Critical care medicine Respiratory distress

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Mitochondrial activation via calcium peroxide/carrageenan/soybean lecithin-derived polypyrrole phototherapeutic microparticles

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Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 2025年 254卷 114787页

作者： Chuang, Sih-Chi Yu, Shih-An Hung, Pei-Chia Chuang, Andrew E.-Y. Liang, Jia-Wei Sun, Chia-Lu Rethi, Lekshmi Fang, Hsu-Wei Nguyen, Hieu Trung Tsai, Yao-Tung Weng, Pei-Wei Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Doctoral Program of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Taipei Medical University Derived Company-Hsuan Chen Technology CO. LTD. New Taipei City22055 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital Taipei11696 Taiwan WELLCARE Health Care Supply Co. Ltd. Taipei Taiwan Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Faculty of Medicine University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh city Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center No. 325 Sec. 2 Chenggong Rd. Neihu Dist. Taipei City11490 Taiwan Division of Traumatology Department of Surgery Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center No. 325 Sec. 2 Chenggong Rd. Neihu Dist. Taipei City11490 Taiwan Department of Orthopedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan

Mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of eukaryotic cells, play a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and supporting essential life functions, particularly in cell survival and apoptosis. This study introduces a composite formulation—combining carrageenan (Car), calcium peroxide (CaO2), and microparticles, derived from soybean oil lecithin, enhanced with photothermally active polypyrrole (PPy)—to create Car-Lec-PPy MP, aimed at promoting mitochondrial activation in cells. The investigation focuses on intercellular mitochondrial transfer and activation as a therapeutic strategy. The formulation seeks to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and enhance cellular resilience through targeted mitochondrial activation, leveraging the synergistic effects of near-infrared (NIR) therapy. In the in vivo experiment, phototherapeutic Car-Lec-PPy MP was administered to rodent muscle tissue. The results showed increased expression of heat-shock proteins and reduced oxidative stress in the treated muscle. Preliminary findings suggest that this approach not only boosts mitochondrial activity but also improves cell proliferation and survival, presenting significant potential for applications in regenerative medicine and cellular therapy. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Mitochondria

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A deep learning system for predicting time to progression of diabetic retinopathy

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NATURE MEDICINE 2024年第2期30卷 358-359页

作者： [Anonymous] Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Disorders Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Diabetes Institute Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes Shanghai China MOE Key Laboratory of AI School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology Huadong Sanatorium Wuxi China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Guangzhou China Department of Ophthalmology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China Medical Records and Statistics Office Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Geriatrics Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Tech

We developed and validated a deep learning system (termed DeepDR Plus) in a diverse, multiethnic, multi-country dataset to predict personalized risk and time to progression of diabetic retinopathy. We show that DeepDR Plus can be integrated into the clinical workflow to promote individualized intervention strategies for the management of diabetic retinopathy.

关键词： Diabetes complications Machine learning Predictive markers

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Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion Improves Perioperative Care of Bariatric-Metabolic Surgery: A Single Center Experience with Meta-Analysis

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Obesity Surgery 2024年第2期34卷 416-428页

作者： Chang, Po-Chih Huang, Ivy Ya-Wei Liu, Sian-De Huang, Chih-Kun Lin, Tsun-En Jhou, Hong-Jie Chen, Po-Huang Chang, Ting-Wei School of Medicine College of Medicine National Sun Yat-Sen University 804 Kaohsiung Taiwan Division of Thoracic Surgery Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Weight Management Cente Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/Kaohsiung Medical University No. 100 Tzyou 1st Road Kaohsiung City 80756 Taiwan Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Sports Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital/ Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Pharmacy New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (Built and Operated By Chang Gung Medical Foundation) New Taipei City 236 Taiwan Body Science and Metabolic Disorders International Medical Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung City Taiwan Specialist Nursing Office Department of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Neurology Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei City Taiwan

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion (PDI) on Asian patients undergoing bariatric–metabolic surgery (BMS), focusing on the need for pain medications and management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and to investigate the association with these variables, including patients’ characteristics and BMS data. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted in an Asian weight management center from August 2016 to October 2021. A total of 147 native patients with severe obesity were enrolled. All patients were informed of the full support of perioperative pain medications for BMS. The pain numeric rating scale scores, events of PONV, needs for pain medications, and the associated patients’ characteristics were analyzed. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Furthermore, to verify the effects of perioperative usage of dexmedetomidine for BMS, a systematic review with meta-analysis of currently available randomized control trials was performed. Results: Among the 147 enrolled patients, 107 underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and 40 underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. PDI has been used as an adjunct multimodal analgesia for BMS in our institution since June 2017 (group D;n = 114). In comparison with those not administered with perioperative dexmedetomidine (group C;n = 33), lower pain numeric rating scale scores (2.52 ± 2.46 vs. 4.27 ± 2.95, p = 0.007) in the postanesthesia care unit, fewer PONV (32.46% vs. 51.52%;p = 0.046), and infrequent needs of additional pain medications (19.47% vs. 45.45%;p = 0.003) were observed in group D. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that type II diabetes mellitus was correlated with the decreased need of pain medications other than PDI (p = 0.035). Moreover, dexmedetomidine seemed to have a better analgesic effect for patients with longer surgical time based on our meta-analysis. Conclusion:

关键词： Analgesia Bariatric–Metabolic Surgery Dexmedetomidine Pain Severe Obesity

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Towards an integrated pelagic and benthic analysis of long-term coastal eutrophication (Guanabara Bay, Brazil)

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Environmental Advances 2024年 15卷

作者： Muniz, Jaqueline Sá Earp Abuchacra, Rodrigo Coutinho Peixoto, Fernando Cunha Abuchacra, Paula Ferreira Falheiro Sanders, Christian J. Salgado, Carla Maciel Baptista Neto, José Antônio Amora-Nogueira, Leonardo Cordeiro, Renato Campello Moreira, Luciane Silva Pinho, Luana Valentin, Jean Louis Faustino, Allana Fonseca-Oliveira, Ana Pio, Douglas Motta Carvalho, Manuela Lima Pinto, Samira Cristina de Souza Machado, Wilson Gomes, Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira Marotta, Humberto Chemical Engineering Graduate Program Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Rua Passo da Pátria 156 RJ Niterói 24210-240 Brazil Ecosystems and Global Change Laboratory (LEMG-UFF) / International Laboratory of Global Change (LINCGlobal) Biomass and Water Management Research Center (NAB-UFF) Graduate Program in Geosciences (Environmental Geochemistry) Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Av. Edmundo March s/n° RJ Niterói 24210-310 Brazil Department of Geography Graduate Program in Geography Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ-FFP) Rua Dr Francisco Portela 1470 São Gonçalo Rio de Janeiro 24435-005 Brazil Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME) Praça General Tibúrcio 80 Praia Vermelha Rio de Janeiro 22290-270 Brazil Physical Geography Laboratory (LAGEF-UFF) Department of Geography Graduate Program in Geography Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n° RJ Niterói 24210-346 Brazil National Marine Science Centre Faculty of Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Coffs Harbour 2450 NSW Australia Department of Geology and Geophysics/LAGEMAR Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Av. General Milton Tavares de Souza s/n RJ Niterói 24210-346 Brazil Department of Chemical Oceanography Rio de Janeiro State University Pavilhão João Lyra Filho sala 4008 Bloco E Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 Maracanã – RJ 20550-900 Brazil Department of Marine Biology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil NGO Guardiões do Mar Rua Alfredo Azamor 739 Boa Vista RJ São Gonçalo 24466-000 Brazil Silvestrum Climate Associates L.L.C. 1 Lower Crescent Ave Sausalito CA United States

Coastal ecosystems are important destinations for natural and anthropogenic inputs, areas experiencing eutrophication from untreated sewage globally. However, the mechanistic link of how coastal waters and sediments can jointly respond to nutrient enrichment, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), remains relatively unknown. Here, we assessed the interdecadal variability in N and P contents, comparing four surface water sampling sites (∼40-year monthly concentrations) and three ²¹⁰Pb dated sediment cores (∼70-years) in an urban bay that has received increasingly high untreated sewage discharges over the past century (Guanabara Bay, Brazil). Major eutrophication was found, with differences between waters and sediments along sampling sites. The water concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) yielded on average ∼10–45 % and ∼40–190 % higher in 2005–2017 compared to 1980–2005 period in the sampling site most influenced by the denser urban than the conserved area, respectively. Furthermore, 6-year average water concentrations indicated both recent initial decreases in the most urban area, potentially associated with new sanitation facilities, and high increases in those relatively more conserved areas. Conversely, TP and TN sediment burial rates were less sensitive to recent changes as compared to the water concentrations, yielding ∼11 and 31 % between 1980–2005 and 2005–2017, respectively, of which also provided baselines data for earlier periods without direct pelagic measurements (i.e., 1950–1980). Thus, these findings offer new insights into substantial temporal and intra-ecosystem spatial variability of coastal eutrophication, indicating that an integrated analysis between water monitoring and sediment burial is needed to improve the diagnosis and prediction capabilities necessary for effective long-term mitigation of coastal aquatic eutrophication worldwide. © 2023

关键词： 210Pb dating Coastal eutrophication Sediment burial Urban bay Water monitoring

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Evaluation of the Transport Airplane Risk Assessment Methodology 16

Evaluation of the Transport Airplane Risk Assessment Methodo...

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16th international Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management, PSAM 2022

作者： Ligler, George T. Allison, Eric Clarke, John-Paul B. Cuellar-Hengartner, Leticia Feigh, Karen M. Guzzetti, Jeff Hinderberger, Ronald J. Mohaghegh, Zahra Morell, Paul Schilling, Jan C. Voros, Robert E. Yacoby, Amir Mozhi, Arul Walker, Linda Angleman, Alan Hartman, Colleen N. Kroo, Ilan Argrow, Brian M. Braun, Robert D. Crawley, Edward F. Gray, William R. Helms, Susan J. Karas, John C. Lacher, Andrew R. Lappos, Nicholas D. Lyles, Lester L. Manning, Valerie Moin, Parviz Pines, Darryll J. Samanta Roy, Robie I. Sigur, Wanda A. Thompson, David W. Waas, Anthony M. Yarymovych, Michael I. Zacharius, Sherrie L. Day, Dwayne Knemeyer, Margaret A. Lightfoot, Radaka Nagasawa, Daniel Naylor, Celeste A. Pilzak, Tanja Rebholz, Andrea Caflisch, Russel E. Chong, Dianne Endsley, Mica R. Fazio, Anthony F. Harris, Wesley L. Knife, Sarah Marais, Karen Quiello, Michael J. NAE GTL Associates Texas A&M University United States Joby Aviation The University of Texas Austin United States Los Alamos National Laboratory United States Georgia Institute of Technology United States Guzzetti Aviation Risk Discovery LLC The Boeing Company University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States American Airlines NAE General Electric Aviation Merlin Labs LLC NAS Harvard University United States Space Studies Board and Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board Space Studies Board Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board and Board on Physics and Astronomy NAE Stanford University United States NAE University of Colorado Boulder United States NAE NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory NAE Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States United States Air Force United States NAE Orbital Visions LLC Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company Noblis NAE Sikorsky A Lockheed Martin Company NAE GTL Associates NAE Airbus NAE NAS Stanford University United States NAE University of Maryland United States Electra.aero NAE Orbital ATK Inc. University of Michigan United States NAE Sarasota Space Associates Aerospace Corporation Information Management Associate Program Operations NAS New York University United States NAE The Boeing Company SA Technologies Fazio Group International GE Aviation Purdue University United States Avelo Airlines Committee on Transport Airplane Risk Assessment Methodology

The Transport Airplane Risk Assessment Methodology (TARAM) is a process for calculating risk associated with continued operational safety (COS) issues in the U.S. transport airplane fleet. TARAM is important because its risk-analysis calculations are used when making determinations of unsafe conditions in transport airplanes, and when selecting and implementing corrective actions. TARAM is used by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for risk analysis and risk management decisions regarding COS. Aircraft certification offices use it to resolve COS issues for transport category airplanes. This methodology is also used by design approval holders, in whole or in part, by agreement with the applicable aircraft certification office. The goal of this study is to assess the TARAM process used by the FAA. Including a systematic risk assessment methodology in the continued operational safety analysis is important for a comprehensive approach to the overall safety of the transport airplane fleet. TARAM is an initial attempt by the FAA to fill such a role. A healthy safety culture requires commitment to continuous improvement. This report provides recommendations to the FAA to address the gaps and strengthen the TARAM. © 2022 Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management, PSAM 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk analysis

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Uncovering chromatin accessibility and cancer diagnostic potential via cell-free DNA utilization

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Science Bulletin 2024年第19期69卷 2987-2992页

作者： Jie Li Jiahui Chen Xin Sun Heli Yang Keyong Sun Chang Liu Yongwang Wang Mengyue Xu Xin Ji Ji Zhang Xiaojiang Wu Anqiang Wang Biao Fan Xiaolu Zhang Yue Wu Peilin Cui Junya Peng Yupei Zhao Wenming Wu Honghao Yu Zhaode Bu Jiafu Ji Xun Lan Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Center of Gastrointestinal CancerPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Optimization Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541001China Department of General Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Internal Medicine International Medical Services(IMS)Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Institute of Clinical Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Academy of Biomedical Engineering Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS Joint Graduate Program Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Anesthesiology Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541000China Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin 541001China State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Gastric Surgery Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou Institute of Medicine(HIM)Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310022China The Islands Healthcare Complex-Macao Medical Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital Macao 999078China

Gene expression patterns of tumor cells can be inferred from features of circulating cell-free DNA(cfDNA),such as histone modifications and fragmentation patterns at ***,the direct relationship between cfDNA patterns and tumor-specific chromatin accessibility has not yet been experimentally established,limiting its current application to cancer diagnosis alone.

关键词： diagnosis cancer alone

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Large language models for diabetes training:a prospective study

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Science Bulletin 2025年第6期70卷 934-942页

作者： Haoxuan Li Zehua Jiang Zhouyu Guan Yuqian Bao Yuexing Liu Tingting Hu Jiajia Li Ruhan Liu Liang Wu Di Cheng Hongwei Ji Yong Wang Ya-Xing Wang Carol Y.Cheung Yingfeng Zheng Jihong Wang Zhen Li Weibing Wu Cynthia Ciwei Lim Yong Mong Bee Hong Chang Tan Elif I.Ekinci David C.Klonoff Justin B.Echouffo-Tcheugui Nestoras Mathioudakis Leonor Corsino Rafael Simó Charumathi Sabanayagam Gavin Siew Wei Tan Ching-Yu Cheng Tien Yin Wong Huating Li Chun Cai Lijuan Mao Lee-Ling Lim Yih-Chung Tham Bin Sheng Weiping Jia Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438China School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalTsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Visual Science and Translational Eye Research Institute(BERI) Tsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSchool of ElectronicInformationand Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai 200240China MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266011China CEMS NCMISHCMSMADISAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China k.Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesGuangzhou 510060China Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General HospitalSingHealth-Duke Academic Medical CentreSingapore169

Diabetes poses a considerable global health challenge,with varying levels of diabetes knowledge among healthcare professionals,highlighting the importance of diabetes *** Language Models(LLMs)provide new insights into diabetes training,but their performance in diabetes-related queries remains uncertain,especially outside the English language like *** first evaluated the performance of ten LLMs:ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4.0,Google Bard,LlaMA-7B,LlaMA2-7B,Baidu ERNIE Bot,Ali Tongyi Qianwen,MedGPT,HuatuoGPT,and Chinese LlaMA2-7B on diabetes-related queries,based on the Chinese National Certificate Examination for Primary Diabetes Care in China(NCE-CPDC)and the English Specialty Certificate Examination in Endocrinology and Diabetes of Membership of the Royal College of Physicians of the United ***,we assessed the training of primary care physicians(PCPs)without and with the assistance of ChatGPT-4.0 in the NCE-CPDC examination to ascertain the reliability of LLMs as medical *** found that ChatGPT-4.0 outperformed other LLMs in the English examination,achieving a passing accuracy of 62.50%,which was significantly higher than that of Google Bard,LlaMA-7B,and *** the NCE-CPFC examination,ChatGPT-4.0,Ali Tongyi Qianwen,Baidu ERNIE Bot,Google Bard,MedGPT,and ChatGPT-3.5 successfully passed,whereas LlaMA2-7B,HuatuoGPT,Chinese LLaMA2-7B,and LlaMA-7B ***-4.0(84.82%)surpassed all PCPs and assisted most PCPs in the NCE-CPDC examination(improving by 1%–6.13%).In summary,LLMs demonstrated outstanding competence for diabetes-related questions in both the Chinese and English language,and hold great potential to assist future diabetes training for physicians globally.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetestraining Largelanguagemodels Primarydiabetescare Prospectivestudy

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