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arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Rang Li, Ming Liu, Qian Swindlehurst, A. Lee Wu, Qingqing School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing University of California IrvineCA92697 United States State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China

Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) have been proposed as a revolutionary technology owing to its capability of adaptively reconfiguring the propagation environment in a cost-effective and hardware-efficient fashion. While the application of IRS as a passive reflector to enhance the performance of wireless communications has been widely investigated in the literature, using IRS as a passive transmitter recently is emerging as a new concept and attracting steadily growing interest. In this paper, we propose two novel IRS-based passive information transmission systems using advanced symbol-level precoding. One is a standalone passive information transmission system, where the IRS operates as a passive transmitter serving multiple receivers by adjusting its elements to reflect unmodulated carrier signals. The other is a joint passive reflection and information transmission system, where the IRS not only enhances transmissions for multiple primary information receivers (PIRs) by passive reflection, but also simultaneously delivers additional information to a secondary information receiver (SIR) by embedding its information into the primary signals at the symbol level. Two typical optimization problems, i.e., power minimization and quality-of-service (QoS) balancing, are investigated for the proposed IRS-based passive information transmission systems. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of IRS-based passive information transmission and the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms, as compared to other benchmark schemes. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transmitters

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Unleashing the Strengths of Unlabeled Data in Pan-cancer Abdominal Organ Quantification: The FLARE22 Challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Jun Zhang, Yao Gu, Song Ge, Cheng Ma, Shihao Young, Adamo Zhu, Cheng Meng, Kangkang Yang, Xin Huang, Ziyan Zhang, Fan Liu, Wentao Pan, YuanKe Huang, Shoujin Wang, Jiacheng Sun, Mingze Xu, Weixin Jia, Dengqiang Choi, Jae Won Alves, Natália de Wilde, Bram Koehler, Gregor Wu, Yajun Wiesenfarth, Manuel Zhu, Qiongjie Dong, Guoqiang He, Jian Wang, Bo He, Junjun Yang, Hua Yang, Huihua Huang, Bingding Lyu, Mengye Ma, Yongkang Guo, Heng Zhang, Rongguo Maier-Hein, Klaus The Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Vector Institute Toronto Canada Shanghai AI Laboratory Shanghai200232 China The Department of Image Reconstruction Nanjing Anke Medical Technology Co. Ltd. Nanjing211113 China Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China The Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Vector Institute Toronto Canada Tinavi Medical Technologies Co. Ltd. Beijing100192 China University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China The School of Biomedical Engineering Health Science Center Shenzhen University Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Radiological Algorithm Fosun Aitrox Information Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai200033 China The School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen518000 China Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Alibaba Beijing100084 China Infervision Medical Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing100025 China Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-cardiovascular Health Engineering 000000 Hong Kong The Department of Radiology Armed Forces Yangju Hospital Yangju11429 Korea Republic of The Department of Radiology Radboudumc Nijmegen6525XZ Netherlands The Department of Medical Image Computing German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg69120 Germany ShenZhen Yorktal DMIT LLC Shenzhen518100 China Heidelberg69120 Germany The Department of Nuclear Medicine Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing210008 China The College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen518188 China The College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen China The Manteia Technologies Co. Ltd Xiamen China The Alibaba DAMO Academy Beijing China The Peter Munk Cardiac Centre University Health Network Department of Laboratory M

Quantitative organ assessment is an essential step in automated abdominal disease diagnosis and treatment planning. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great potential to automatize this process. However, most existing AI algorithms rely on many expert annotations and lack a comprehensive evaluation of accuracy and efficiency in real-world multinational settings. To overcome these limitations, we organized the FLARE 2022 Challenge, the largest abdominal organ analysis challenge to date, to benchmark fast, low-resource, accurate, annotation-efficient, and generalized AI algorithms. We constructed an intercontinental and multinational dataset from more than 50 medical groups, including Computed Tomography (CT) scans with different races, diseases, phases, and manufacturers. We independently validated that a set of AI algorithms achieved a median Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 90.0% by using 50 labeled scans and 2000 unlabeled scans, which can significantly reduce annotation requirements. The best-performing algorithms successfully generalized to holdout external validation sets, achieving a median DSC of 89.5%, 90.9%, and 88.3% on North American, European, and Asian cohorts, respectively. They also enabled automatic extraction of key organ biology features, which was labor-intensive with traditional manual measurements. This opens the potential to use unlabeled data to boost performance and alleviate annotation shortages for modern AI models. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Diseases

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Edge computing-enabled energy efficiency prediction of immersion cooling system for supercomputing centers

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Cleaner engineering and Technology 2025年 27卷

作者： Shuaiyin Ma Yichun Cao Yang Liu School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Xi'an 710121 China Shaanxi Union Research Centre of University and Enterprise for 5G+ Industrial Internet Communication Terminal Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China Department of Management and Engineering Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden Industrial Engineering and Management University of Oulu 90570 Oulu Finland

Within the context of cleaner production, enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability has emerged as a central focus in supercomputing center development. To address the challenges in predicting energy consumption, this study proposes an architecture of edge computing-enabled energy efficiency prediction of immersion cooling system for supercomputing centers. This architecture combines time-series generative adversarial network (TimeGAN) for data augmentation with the neural basis expansion analysis for time series (N-BEATS) for prediction, providing a robust solution for accurate energy consumption prediction. TimeGAN enhances the training dataset by generating high-quality synthetic time-series data, effectively mitigating issues of data sparsity and imbalance. N-BEATS, with its modular architecture and strong adaptability to temporal data, ensures precise predictions by capturing both global trends and local variations in energy usage. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture, exhibiting superior performance across key metrics when compared to traditional models. Specifically, the RMSE of TimeGAN-N-BEATS reduced by more than 8 %, the MSE decreased by over 18 %, and the R 2 reached 97.31 %, outperforming baseline models such as long short-term memory and gated recurrent unit, and their attention-enhanced variants. This study highlights the potential of integrating generative and predictive models to optimize energy efficiency in liquid cooling systems, offering valuable insights for sustainable supercomputing operations.

关键词： Edge computing Liquid cooling system N-BEATS Supercomputing centers TimeGAN

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Analytical model for quasi-linear flow response to resonant magnetic perturbation in resistive-inertial and viscous-resistive regimes

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Huang, Wenlong Zhu, Ping Chen, Hui School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Internet Intelligent Applications and Security Anhui University of Technology Ma’anshanAnhui243002 China International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanHubei430074 China Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Physics Nanchang University NanchangJiangxi330031 China

In this work, a quasi-linear model for plasma flow response to the resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) in a tokamak has been rigorously developed in the resistive-inertial (RI) and viscous-resistive (VR) regimes purely from the two-field reduced MHD model. Models for plasma response to RMP are commonly composed of equations for the resonant magnetic field response (i.e. the magnetic island) and the torque balance of plasma flow. However, in previous plasma response models, the magnetic island and the torque balance equations are often derived separately from reduced MHD and full MHD equations, respectively. By contrast, in this work we derive both the magnetic island response and the torque balance equations in a quasi-linear model for plasma flow response entirely from a set of two-field reduced MHD equations. Such a quasi-linear model can recover previous plasma flow response models within certain limits and approximations. Furthermore, the physical origins of quasi-linear forces and moments in the flow response equation are also accurately calculated and clarified self-consistently. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasma flow

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Front Cover: International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Volume 37 Issue 11 November 2022

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International Journal of Intelligent Systems 2022年第11期37卷

作者： Xianjia Meng Yong Yang Ximeng Liu Nan Jiang School of Information Science and Technology Northwest University Xi'an People's Republic of China Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network System and College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou People's Republic of China Cyberspace Security Research Center Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen People's Republic of China Department of Internet of Things School of Information Engineering East China Jiao Tong University Nanchang People's Republic of China

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A non-cooperative game-based distributed beam scheduling framework for 5G millimeter-wave cellular networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhang, Xiang Sarkar, Shamik Bhuyan, Arupjyoti Kasera, Sneha Kumar Ji, Mingyue The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States The School of Computing University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States The INL Wireless Security Institute Idaho National Laboratory Idaho FallsID83415 United States

This paper studies the problem of distributed beam scheduling for 5G millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) cellular networks where base stations (BSs) belonging to different operators share the same spectrum without centralized coordination among them. Our goal is to design efficient distributed scheduling algorithms to maximize the network utility, which is a function of the achieved throughput by the user equipment (UEs), subject to the average and instantaneous power consumption constraints of the BSs. We propose a Media Access Control (MAC) and a power allocation/adaptation mechanism utilizing the Lyapunov stochastic optimization framework and non-cooperative games. In particular, we first decompose the original utility maximization problem into two sub-optimization problems for each time frame, which are a convex optimization problem and a non-convex optimization problem, respectively. By formulating the distributed scheduling problem as a non-cooperative game where each BS is a player attempting to optimize its own utility, we provide a distributed solution to the non-convex sub-optimization problem via finding the Nash Equilibrium (NE) of the game whose weights are determined optimally by the Lyapunov optimization framework. Finally, we conduct simulation under various network settings to show the effectiveness of the proposed game-based beam scheduling algorithm in comparison to that of several reference schemes. © 2020, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Game theory

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UAV-assisted intelligent reflecting surface symbiotic radio system

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Hua, Meng Yang, Luxi Wu, Qingqing Pan, Cunhua Li, Chunguo Swindlehurst, A. Lee School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau Macao999078 China School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing University of California at Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States

This paper investigates a symbiotic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) radio system, where the UAV is leveraged to help the IRS reflect its own signals to the base station, and meanwhile enhance the UAV transmission by passive beamforming at the IRS. First, we consider the weighted sum-rate maximization problem among all IRSs by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, IRS phase shift matrix, and IRS scheduling, subject to the minimum primary rate requirements. To tackle this complicated problem, a relaxation-based algorithm is proposed. We prove that the converged relaxation scheduling variables are binary, which means that no reconstruct strategy is needed, and thus the UAV rate constraints are automatically satisfied. Second, we consider the problem of maximizing the minimum rate of the IRSs. We find that the relaxation-based method cannot solve this max-min problem since the minimum primary rate requirements may not be satisfied by the binary reconstruction operation. To address this issue, we first transform the binary constraints into a series of equivalent equality constraints. Then, a penalty-based algorithm is proposed to obtain a suboptimal solution. Numerical results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed designs under different setups, as compared with benchmarks. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Effects of biased and unbiased illuminations on two-dimensional electron gases in dopant-free GaAs/AlGaAs

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Physical Review B 2022年第7期105卷 075302-075302页

作者： A. Shetty F. Sfigakis W. Y. Mak K. Das Gupta B. Buonacorsi M. C. Tam H. S. Kim I. Farrer A. F. Croxall H. E. Beere A. R. Hamilton M. Pepper D. G. Austing S. A. Studenikin A. Sachrajda M. E. Reimer Z. R. Wasilewski D. A. Ritchie J. Baugh Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Chemistry University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0HE United Kingdom Northern Quantum Lights Inc. Waterloo N2B 1N5 Canada Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 40007 India Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom School of Physics University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London London WC1E 7JE United Kingdom Security and Disruptive Technologies Research Centre National Research Council of Canada Ottawa K1A 0R6 Canada Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada

Illumination is performed at low temperature on dopant-free two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) of varying depths, under unbiased (gates grounded) and biased (gates at a positive or negative voltage) conditions. Unbiased illuminations in 2DEGs located more than 70 nm away from the surface result in a gain in mobility at a given electron density, primarily driven by the reduction of background impurities. In 2DEGs closer to the surface, unbiased illuminations result in a mobility loss, driven by an increase in surface charge density. Biased illuminations performed with positive applied gate voltages result in a mobility gain, whereas those performed with negative applied voltages result in a mobility loss. The magnitude of the mobility gain (loss) weakens with 2DEG depth, and is likely driven by a reduction (increase) in surface charge density. Remarkably, this mobility gain/loss is fully reversible by performing another biased illumination with the appropriate gate voltage, provided both n-type and p-type Ohmic contacts are present. Experimental results are modeled with Boltzmann transport theory, and possible mechanisms are discussed.

关键词： Photoinduced effect Quantum transport Field-effect transistors III-V semiconductors Two-dimensional electron gas Boltzmann theory Hall bar Molecular beam epitaxy

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Edge-cloud cooperation driven surface roughness classification method for selective laser melting

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Advanced engineering Informatics 2025年 66卷

作者： Ma, Shuaiyin Huang, Yuming Liu, Yang Yan, Zhiqiang Lv, Jingxiang Cai, Wei School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an710121 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Xi'an710121 China Shaanxi Union Research Centre of University and Enterprise for 5G+ Industrial Internet Communication Terminal Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an710121 China Department of Management and Engineering Linköping University LinköpingSE-581 83 Sweden Industrial Engineering and Management University of Oulu Oulu90570 Finland Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment of MOE Chang'an University Xi'an710064 China College of Engineering and Technology Southwest University Chongqing400715 China

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is extensively utilized in aerospace and industrial manufacturing. However, parts built using AM are susceptible to spheroidization, porosity, cracks, and poor surface quality, making it difficult to establish an actionable product quality degree. Hence, developing a reasonable method to equate product quality with a new degree and further analyzing the product quality based on these standards has proven effective for enhancing part quality in AM. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes a surface roughness classification method that utilizes surface roughness analysis and sample enhancement. This method leverages edge cloud cooperation to efficiently analyze and integrate data from different sensors, enabling real-time monitoring and adjustment of the manufacturing process. Subsequently, the quality degree analysis system was developed utilizing matter-element extension cloud model. Furthermore, a bidirectional-gated recurrent unit (Bi-GRU) based model for quality classification and recognition has been established, with Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN) employed for sample enhancement to address the issue of imbalanced column classification and to enhance the accuracy of both classification and recognition. Finally, the results obtained from this case study demonstrate through comparative experiments that the proposed method for classifying surface roughness can accurately identify 98% of prepared samples. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Inspection

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Micro-supervised disturbance learning: A perspective of representation probability distribution

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chu, Jielei Liu, Jing Wang, Hongjun Meng, Hua Gong, Zhiguo Li, Tianrui The School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu611756 China The School of Business Sichuan University Sichuan Chengdu610065 China The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau China

The instability is shown in the existing methods of representation learning based on Euclidean distance under a broad set of conditions. Furthermore, the scarcity and high cost of labels prompt us to explore more expressive representation learning methods which depends on the labels as few as possible. To address these issues, the small-perturbation ideology is firstly introduced on the representation learning model based on the representation probability distribution. The positive small-perturbation information (SPI) which only depend on two labels of each cluster is used to stimulate the representation probability distribution and then two variant models are proposed to fine-tune the expected representation distribution of RBM, namely, Micro-supervised Disturbance GRBM (Micro-DGRBM) and Micro-supervised Disturbance RBM (Micro-DRBM) models. The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence of SPI is minimized in the same cluster to promote the representation probability distributions to become more similar in Contrastive Divergence (CD) learning. In contrast, the KL divergence of SPI is maximized in the different clusters to enforce the representation probability distributions to become more dissimilar in CD learning. To explore the representation learning capability under the continuous stimulation of the SPI, we present a deep Micro-supervised Disturbance Learning (Micro-DL) framework based on the Micro-DGRBM and Micro-DRBM models and compare it with a similar deep structure which has not any external stimulation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed deep Micro-DL architecture shows better performance in comparison to the baseline method, the most related shallow models and deep frameworks for clustering. © 2020, CC0.

关键词： Probability distributions

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