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The microcirculation: master in normal pregnancy, puppet in preeclampsia

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025年

作者： Thevissen, Kristof Cornette, Jerome Bruckers, Liesbeth Gyselaers, Wilfried Department of Rheumatology Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg Genk Belgium Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands Data Science Institute Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg Genk Belgium

Background: The microcirculation is studied sparsely in the field of maternal hemodynamics. With nailfold video capillaroscopy, further insight is possible in this interesting field within maternal hemodynamics. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between functional parameters of the microcirculation and the systemic cardiovascular system in pregnant women at risk for gestational hypertension disorders. Study Design: For this observational study, women with high cardiovascular risk according to maternal anthropometrics and obstetrical and medical history were recruited at random gestational ages, depending on the time of referral to the outpatient clinic for high-risk prenatal care at Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium. After birth, data on maternal and neonatal outcomes were obtained from hospital records, and only women with normal pregnancy (n=142) and preeclampsia (n=34) were included in this analysis. Nailfold video capillaroscopy measurements were performed in the first, second, and/or third trimesters. Video magnification of 200× was used for all fingers except the thumbs, and the stored images were analyzed offline. Capillary density was quantified (n/mm²), mean capillary diameter measured (μm), and capillary bed surface calculated as density × diameter. Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were measured using impedance cardiography, together with sphygmomanometric blood pressure measurement. A linear mixed model for repeated measures was used to investigate the association between the microvascular and macrovascular parameters. No corrections for multiple testing were applied. Results: In normal pregnancies, a positive association was observed between the capillary bed surface and total vascular resistance (1.807;P=.01) and a negative association between capillary density and cardiac output (−0.269;P=.037). In preeclampsia, a negative association was observed between capillary density and mean arterial pressur

关键词： capillary density capillary diameter capillary perfusion cardiac output gestational hypertension disorder hypertension maternal hemodynamics microcirculation nailfold video capillaroscopy preeclampsia systemic circulation vascular resistance

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Rejoinder to "A Note on Type II Error Under Random Effects Misspecification in Generalized Linear Mixed Models"

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Biometrics 2011年第2期67卷 656-660页

作者： Litière, Saskia Alonso, Ariel Molenberghs, Geert Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Universiteit Hasselt Agoralaan 1 B3590 Diepenbeek Belgium Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kapucijnenvoer 35 Blok D bus 7001 B3000 Leuven Belgium

In this rejoinder, we discuss the impact of misspecifying the random effects distribution on inferences obtained from generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). Special attention is paid to the power of the tests for the fixed-effect parameters. To study this misspecification, researchers often use simulation designs in which several choices for the true underlying random-effects distribution are considered, while the assumed distribution is kept fixed. Neuhaus, McCulloch, and Boylan (2010,Biometrics00, 000-000) argue that a logically correct approach should consist of varying the assumed, fitted distribution, while holding the true fixed. We argue that both simulation designs can bring valuable insights into the impact of the misspecification. Furthermore, using both designs, we illustrate that the power associated with the tests for the fixed-effect parameters in GLMM may be affected by misspecifying the random-effects distribution. © 2010, The International Biometric Society.

关键词： Random processes

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Chronic disease patients have fewer social contacts:A pilot survey with implications for transmission dynamics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 926-930页

作者： J.Vanderlocht S.Møgelmose K.Van Kerckhove P.Beutels N.Hens Interuniversity Institute of Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Data Science InstituteHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Centre for Health Economic Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium

Non-communicable diseases(NCD)are the most important cause of death in the *** socio-economic costs associated with NCDs makes it imperative to prevent and control them in the 21st *** severe toll that the COVID-19 pandemic has taken worldwide is an unfortunate illustration of our limited insight into the infectious risk for the global ***-incidence between NCD and infection offers an underexplored opportunity to design preventive *** a pilot survey,we observed that the NCD population displays a substantial reduction in their social contacting behavior as compared to the general *** indicates that existing mathematical models based on contact surveys in the general population are not applicable to the NCD population and that the risk of acquiring an infection following a contact is probably *** demonstration of reduced social mixing in several chronic conditions,raises the question to what extent the social mixing is influenced by the burden of *** advocate the design of disease-specific contact surveys to address how the burden of disease associates with social contact behavior and the risk of *** SARS-CoV-2 pandemic offers an unprecedented opportunity to gain insight into the importance of infection in the NCD population and to find ways to improve healthcare procedures.

关键词： survey mixing insight

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Modeling Through Latent Variables

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Statistics and Its Application 1000年第1期4卷 267-282页

作者： Geert Verbeke Geert Molenberghs 2Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Universiteit Hasselt B-3590 Hasselt Belgium email: geert.molenberghs@uhasselt.be 1Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Katholieke Universiteit Leuven B-3000 Leuven Belgium email: geert.verbeke@kuleuven.be

In this review, we give a general overview of latent variable models. We introduce the general model and discuss various inferential approaches. Afterward, we present several commonly applied special cases, including mixture or latent class models, as well as mixed models. We apply many of these models to a single data set with simple structure, allowing for easy comparison of the results. This allows us to discuss advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches, but also to illustrate several problems inherently linked to models incorporating latent structures. Finally, we touch on model extensions and applications and highlight several issues often ignored when applying latent variable models.

关键词： bridge distribution conditional model gradient function latent class model marginal model marginalized model mixed model mixing distribution mixture model nonparametric maximum likelihood

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Prediction of gene expression in human using rat in vivo gene expression in Japanese Toxicogenomics Project

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Systems Biomedicine 2014年第1期2卷 8-15页

作者： Martin Otava* Ziv Shkedy Adetayo Kasim [a] Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics CenStat Universiteit Hasselt Belgium[b] Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing Durham University Queen's Campus Stockton-on-Tees UK

Formulae display:?Mathematical formulae have been encoded as MathML and are displayed in this HTML version using MathJax in order to improve their display. Uncheck the box to turn MathJax off. This feature requires Javascript. Click on a formula to *** Japanese Toxicogenomics Project (TGP) provides large amount of data for the toxicology and safety framework. We focus on gene expression data of rat in vivo and human in vitro. We consider two different analyses for the TGP data. The first analysis is based on two-way analysis of variance model and the goal is to detect genes with significant dose-response relationship in both humans and rats. The second analysis consists of a trend analysis at each time point and the goal is to detect genes in the rat in order to predict gene expression in humans. The first analysis leads us to conclusions about the heterogeneity of the compound set and will suggest how to address this issue to improve future analyses. In the second part, we identify, for particular compounds, groups of genes that are translatable from rats to humans, so they can be used for prediction of human in vitro data based on rat in vivo data.

关键词： toxicogenomics gene expression drug-induced liver injury rat-human translatability multiple contrast test dose-response relationship

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Epidemiology and predictors of relapse in giant cell arteritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Revue du Rhumatisme (Edition Francaise) 2023年第3期90卷 278-290页

作者： Moreel, Lien Betrains, Albrecht Molenberghs, Geert Vanderschueren, Steven Blockmans, Daniel University Hospitals Leuven Department of General Internal Medicine Leuven Belgium KU Leuven Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation Leuven Belgium Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat) University of Leuven and Hasselt University Leuven Belgium European Reference Network for Immunodeficiency Autoinflammatory Autoimmune and Pediatric Rheumatic disease (ERN-RITA) Utrecht Netherlands

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the timing of relapse, the prevalence of multiple relapses and the predictors of relapse in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from inception till November, 30 2021. Outcome measures include cumulative relapse rate (CRR) of first relapse at year 1, 2, and 5 after treatment initiation, CRR of second and third relapse and predictors of relapse. Results: Thirty studies (2595 patients) were included for timing of relapse, 16 studies (1947 patients) for prevalence of multiple relapses and 40 studies (4213 patients) for predictors of relapse. One-year, 2-year and 5-year CRRs were 32% [95% confidence interval (CI) 22–43%], 44% [95% CI 31–59%], and 47% [95% CI 27–67%], respectively. The duration of scheduled glucocorticoid therapy was negatively associated with the 1-year CRR (p = 0.03). CRR of second and third relapse were 30% [95% CI 21–40] and 17% [95% CI 8–33%], respectively. Female sex (OR 1.43) and large vessel involvement (OR 2.04) were predictors of relapse. Conclusion: Relapse occurred in almost half of GCA patients mainly during the first two years after diagnosis. One in three patients had multiple relapses. The optimal glucocorticoid tapering schedule, which seeks a balance between the lowest relapse risk and the shortest glucocorticoid duration, needs to be determined in future studies. Longer scheduled glucocorticoid therapy or early introduction of glucocorticoid-sparing agents may be warranted in female patients and patients with large vessel involvement. © 2023 Société Française de Rhumatologie;Objectifs: Cette étude avait pour objectif d'estimer le moment des rechutes, la prévalence des rechutes multiples et les facteurs prédictifs de rechute dans l'artérite à cellules géantes (ACG). Méthodes: Une recherche a été effectuée dans les bases de données PubMed, Embase et Cochrane, depuis leur création jusqu'au 30 novembre 2021. Les critères d’év

关键词： ACG Artérite à cellules géantes GCA Giant cell arteritis Rechute Relapse

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Alternative mechanisms for prostate-specific antigen elevation:A prospective analysis of 222 transurethral resections of prostate patients

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第2期3卷 144-151页

作者： Koenraad van Renterghem JJMCH de la Rosette Herbert Thijs Erika Wisanto Ruth Achten Jean-Paul Ory Gommert van Koeveringe Department of Urology Jessa Hospital3500 HasseltBelgium Department of Urology Academic Hospital Amsterdam1105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Hasselt University3500 HasseltBelgium Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics KULeuven3000 LeuvenBelgium Department of Pathology Jessa Hospital3500 HasseltBelgium Department of Anesthesiology Jessa Hospital3500 HasseltBelgium Department of Urology University Hospital Maastricht6229 HX MaastrichtThe Netherlands

AIM: To investigate the relationship between prostatespecific antigen(PSA) levels and(1) bladder outlet obstruction(BOO) and(2) the severity of prostate ***: Two hundred and twenty-two consecutive patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP) were prospectively included. Patients with proven urinary tract infection and/or known prostate cancer were excluded. PSA levels, International Prostate Symptoms Score(IPSS), prostate weight, post residual volume and pressure flow parameters were determined. A histopathological assessment of the presence and severity of inflammation was also ***: Patients had a mean age of 69.1 ± 8.6 years(45-90 years), with mean preoperative PSA levels of 4.7 ± 5.4 ng/m L(0.2-32.5 ng/m L) and IPSS of 15.7 ± 6.9(0-32). Mean Pdet Q max was 96.3 ± 34.4 cm H2O(10-220 cm H2O). The mean resected prostate weight was 39.4 ± 27.3 g(3-189 g). Correlations were observed between PSA(logarithmic) and resected prostate weight(r = 0.54; P < 0.001), PSA(logarithmic) and Pdet Q max(r = 0.17; P = 0.032), and resected prostate weight and Pdet Q max(r = 0.39; P < 0.001). Furthermore, low correlations were observed between PSA(logarithmic) and active(r = 0.21; P < 0.0001) and chronic(r = 0.19; P = 0.005) inflammation. CONCLUSION: In this study we showed a correlation between BOO(Pdet Q max) and PSA(logarithmic). Furthermore, we demonstrated a weak correlation between PSA(logarithmic) and active as well as chronic prostatic inflammation.

关键词： Transurethral resection of the prostate Prostate-specific antigen Bladder outlet obstruction Lower urinary tract symptoms Prostate inflammation

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Graduate Education in Statistics and Data Science: The Why, When, Where, Who, and What

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Statistics and Its Application 1000年第1期8卷 25-39页

作者： Marc Aerts Geert Molenberghs Olivier Thas 1Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat) Hasselt University BE3590 Hasselt Belgium email: marc.aerts@uhasselt.be 2Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat) KU Leuven 3000 Leuven Belgium 4Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium 3National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia (NIASRA) University of Wollongong Keiraville New South Wales 2500 Australia

Organizing a graduate program in statistics and data science raises many questions, offering a variety of opportunities while presenting a multitude of choices. The call for graduate programs in statistics and data science is overwhelming. How does it align with other (future) study programs at the secondary and postsecondary levels? What could or should be the natural home for data science in academia? Who meets the entry criteria, and who does not? Which strategic choices inevitably play a prominent role when developing a curriculum? We share our views on the why, when, where, who and what.

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Salvage total laryngectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx: Validated prognostic nomograms predicting oncological outcomes (vol 46, pg 46, 2024)

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HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK 2024年第8期46卷 2102-2102页

作者： Meulemans, Jeroen Van Boven, Alexander Debacker, Jens Laenen, Annouschka Delaere, Pierre Van Lierde, Charlotte Huvenne, Wouter Vander Poorten, Vincent Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Oncology Section Head and Neck Oncology KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Head and Skin Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Nuclear Medicine UZ Brussel Brussels Belgium Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Leuven Belgium Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Head and Skin Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Head and Neck Surgery Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium

BackgroundSalvage total laryngectomy (STL) is a preferred treatment for patients with residual, recurrent, and second primary squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx/hypopharynx after (chemo)radiation. To individually estimate postoperative oncological outcomes, we designed and validated prognostic *** used a dataset of 290 patients who underwent STL. Nomograms predicting 2‐ and 5‐year OS, DFS, and DSS were developed, using variables which are identified pre‐ or postoperatively. The nomograms were externally validated on a dataset of 109 *** nomograms based on postoperative variables performed better than those based on preoperative variables (OS: C = 0.68 vs. 0.64; DFS: C = 0.70 vs. 0.64; DSS: C = 0.74 vs. 0.64). The nomogram predicting DSS based on postoperative variables performed *** presented prognostic nomograms for predicting oncological outcomes in patients who undergo STL are tools which allow for a reliable prognostic assessment.

关键词： hypopharyngeal cancer laryngeal cancer nomograms oncological outcomes salvage surgery

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Longitudinal trajectories of muscle strength deficits in growing boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

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Gait & Posture 2024年 113卷 235-236页

作者： Ines Vandekerckhove Marleen Van den Hauwe Tijl Dewit Geert Molenberghs Nathalie Goemans Liesbeth De Waele Anja Van Campenhout Friedl De Groote Kaat Desloovere KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Leuven Belgium University Hospital Leuven Department of Child Neurology Leuven Belgium University Hospital Leuven Clinical Motion Analysis Laboratory Pellenberg Belgium KU Leuven Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics I-BioStat Leuven Belgium Hasselt University Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics I- BioStat Hasselt Belgium KU Leuven Department of Development and Regeneration Leuven Belgium University Hospital Leuven Department of Orthopedics Leuven Belgium KU Leuven Department of Movement Sciences Leuven Belgium

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