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Strontium concentration in body cavity fluids as a novel marker for drowning diagnosis and entry site determination

LEGAL MEDICINE 2025年 75卷 102616-102616页

作者： Nakanishi, Ryota Eida, Takahiro Hariba, Tomoyoshi Minabe, Satoru Mashio, Asami S. Murakami, Takaya Hasegawa, Hiroshi Zuka, Masahiko Kanazawa Univ Grad Sch Med Dept Forens Med & Pathol Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan 9th Reg Coast Guard Headquarters Off Kanazawa Niigata Japan Kanazawa Univ Inst Sci & Engn Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan

We started to measure concentrations of dissolved and particulate phases for dozens of chemical elements to compensate for the shortcomings of the diatom test. In this study, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and cerebrospinal body fluids were obtained from 34 cases diagnosed as drowning and 25 non-drowning and nonimmersed (NDNI) cases. The results showed that from the body fluids, in particular from bilateral pleural and pericardial fluids, synergically measured levels of the dissolved phase of strontium (Sr), lithium (Li), and Boron (B) and particulate phase of Sr concentrations were increased in seawater drowning (SWD) cases as opposed to freshwater drowning (FWD) cases and NDNI cases, forecasting the location of water aspiration. To categorically attribute the cause of death to drowning, however, a comprehensive investigation of circumstantial evidence, a careful external examination of the body, and a thorough analysis of body fluids pertaining to diatom testing in various organs and body fluids should be undertaken. Our research with the latter analysis method reveals that it is a powerful diagnostic aid, particularly in SWD cases versus FWD cases. Going forward, we hope that the results we achieved will be helpful when investigating drowning location with water aspiration for suspected drowning cases.

关键词： Drowning Strontium Lithium Boron Diatom test

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Discrepancies between the stated contents and analytical findings for electronic cigarette liquid products: Identification of the new cannabinoid, Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate

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DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS 2025年第5期17卷 694-700页

作者： Watanabe, Shimpei Murakami, Takaya Muratsu, Seiji Fujiwara, Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Toshio Seto, Yasuo RIKEN SPring 8 Ctr Photon Sci Res Div Forens Sci Grp 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 6795148 Japan Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Japan Kanazawa Univ Inst Sci & Engn Kanazawa Japan

A number of synthetic cannabinoids have been appearing in the recreational drug market for more than a decade. Recent additions are so-called semi-synthetic cannabinoids, and they structurally closely resemble the main psychoactive component of cannabis, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol. Knowledge of new (semi-)synthetic cannabinoids is essential to help identify them in authentic forensic case samples. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine two commercially available electronic cigarette liquid products claiming to contain cannabinoids and characterize the structures of the main compounds. The liquid products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), GC-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS), and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). In product A, typical cannabinoids (cannabidiol, cannabigerol, and cannabinol) and terpenes (alpha-caryophyllene and beta-caryophyllene) were identified by comparison with reference materials. An unknown peak was isolated by semi-preparative high-performance LC, analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and identified to be Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate (Delta(9)-THCH-O). To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the identification of Delta(9)-THCH-O in commercially available products. Another compound estimated as cannabihexol acetate was also detected. In product B, cannabidiol, cannabinol, alpha-caryophyllene, and beta-caryophyllene were identified, while two unknown peaks were estimated as tetrahydrocannabidiol isomers. Despite products A and B being labeled to contain "60% HHCPM" and "80% 10-OH-HHC," respectively, no such compounds were detected. The findings of this study could help detect Delta(9)-THCH-O in case samples and highlight the need to keep monitoring commercial products to identify new drugs, while warning that the package labels cannot be trusted.

关键词： (semi-)synthetic cannabinoids gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabihexol acetate (Delta(9)-THCH-O)

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High-throughput sperm screening using one-step RT-qPCR: Improvement and re-evaluation

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ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY 2025年 698卷 115727页

作者： Kubo, Seiji Amai, Keito Nakano, Fumitaka Tanaka, Jin Niimi, Hideki Univ Toyama Fac Med Dept Clin Lab & Mol Pathol Acad Assembly 2630 Sugitani Toyama 9300194 Japan Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab 1-1 Kuratsuki Kanazawa 9208553 Japan

Sperm identification is crucial in sexual assault cases. While microscopic analysis is the gold standard for sperm detection, it is a laborious procedure even for trained personnel. Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) can enhance the screening by detecting sperm-specific mRNA markers, such as protamine 2 (PRM2). This study aimed to develop a one-step RT-qPCR assay targeting PRM2 mRNA. Our assay was capable of detecting as low as 0.01 mu L of semen with high specificity and demonstrated successful detection of PRM2 mRNA in simulated-case samples. Owing to the simple workflow involved, our assay requires <30 min for RNA extraction and <60 min for RT-qPCR. Our assay enables high-throughput sperm screening and offers a promising strategy for enhancing the workflow of sexual assault cases.

关键词： Semen Sperm PRM2 RT-qPCR

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DETERMINATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE, AMPHETAMINE AND PIPERIDINE IN HUMAN URINE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH CHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION

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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1990年第C期515卷 459-466页

作者： HAYAKAWA, K IMAIZUMI, N ISHIKURA, H MINOGAWA, E TAKAYAMA, N KOBAYASHI, H MIYAZAKI, M ISHIKAWA PREFECTURAL POLICE HEADQUARTERS FORENS SCI LABKANAZAWA 920JAPAN

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of trace levels of methamphetamine, amphetamine and piperidine in human urine is reported. The three compounds, extracted into diethyl ether from alkaline urine, were derivatized with dansyl chloride, then separated on a reversed-phase column and detected by chemiluminescence reaction with bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate and hydrogen peroxide. The corresponding peaks obtained from human urine were identified as the dansyl derivatives by mass spectrometry. Methamphetamine levels as low as 2 · 10 −10 M in urine were determined. The sensitivity of the method is higher than that of Simon's reagent test and gas chromatography.

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Postmortem detection of rocuronium and sugammadex by LC/MS in the blood of a patient who died on postoperative day 8

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FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY 2019年第1期37卷 250-253页

作者： Iwamuro, Yoshiaki Murakami, Takaya Ishimaru, Reiko Chinaka, Satoshi Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab 1-1 Kuratsuki Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan

PurposeThis case report describes the purposeful forensic detection of both the muscle relaxant rocuronium and the reversal agent sugammadex in the blood of a patient who died 8 days after *** two compounds were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS).ResultsThe molar concentrations of the two compounds were almost the same, indicating that rocuronium had lost its muscle relaxant effect, because rocuronium and sugammadex formed a 1:1 complex in the blood due to their high *** a muscle relaxant is detected in a forensic sample, the presence of its reversal agent should also be investigated.

关键词： Muscle relaxant Rocuronium Muscle relaxant reversal agent Sugammadex LC MS

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Analysis of methamphetamine and its metabolites in hair

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BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY 2003年第2-3期17卷 74-82页

作者： Takayama, N Iio, R Tanaka, S Chinaka, S Hayakawa, K Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan Kanazawa Univ Grad Sch Nat Sci & Technol Kanazawa Ishikawa 9200934 Japan

Methamphetamine (MA) is a sympathomimetic amine whose abuse has become a serious problem in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and other Southeast Asian countries. The use of hair for the determination of MA use has become more commonplace. The maximum period in which MA and its main metabolites (amphetamine and p-hydroxymethamphetamine) can be detected in urine is about 10 days after its use. However, proof of MA use is possible in hair even several years after its use if the part of the hair that grew in the period of its use is available. In addition, segmental analysis of hair is capable of clarifying the history of MA abuse. This paper reviews the clean-up, extraction, analytical method and distribution of NIA and its metabolites in hair from reports published in the last 20 years. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.

关键词： amphetamine p-hydroxymethamphetamine sympathornimetic amine analytical methods clean-up extraction

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Molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction of synthetic cathinones from urine and whole blood samples

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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE 2018年第24期41卷 4506-4514页

作者： Murakami, Takaya Iwamuro, Yoshiaki Ishimaru, Reiko Chinaka, Satoshi Hasegawa, Hiroshi Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab 1-1 Kuratsuki Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan Kanazawa Univ Inst Sci & Engn Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan

In forensic drug analysis, extractive pretreatment is required prior to instrumental analysis to ensure successful detection of the target compounds. However, conventional extraction methods such as hydrophilic polymer-based solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction are unsuitable for an emerging class of new psychoactive substances, namely, synthetic cathinones, because they exhibit a lack of class selectivity and increased risk of target analyte decomposition during extraction. To address these issues, we describe a highly class-selective sample clean-up method for the extraction of synthetic cathinones from urine and whole blood samples, exploiting a molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction cartridge. In terms of the influence of the synthetic cathinone molecular structure on the extraction recovery, we showed that while longer alkyl side chains slightly reduced the extraction efficiency, substituent variation on the aromatic ring exerted no effect. Molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction of 11 synthetic cathinones from urine samples yielded higher recoveries than the two conventional extraction methods, and smaller matrix effect was observed than that with hydrophilic polymer-based solid-phase extraction. Molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase extraction from whole blood samples gave recoveries comparable to those of urine samples. Therefore, the proposed method is applicable for the extraction and quantitative determination of synthetic cathinones in biological samples.

关键词： molecularly imprinted polymers solid-phase extraction synthetic cathinones urine whole blood

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Simultaneous chiral analysis of methamphetamine and related compounds by capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry using anionic cyclodextrin

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ANALYTICAL SCIENCES 2005年第1期21卷 15-19页

作者： Iio, R Chinaka, S Takayama, N Hayakawa, K Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan Kanazawa Univ Grad Sch Nat & Technol Kanazawa Ishikawa 9201192 Japan

A capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous chiral analysis of enantiomers of methamphetamine (MA), amphetamine (AP), dimethylamphetamine (DMA), ephedrine (EP), norephedrine (NE) and methylephedrine (ME) in urine has been developed. The background electrolyte was I M formic acid (pH 1.7). Using 0.85 mM heptakis(2,6-diacethyl-6-sulfato)-beta-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector. the 12 enantiomers were completely separated within 25 min. The detection limits were 0.01 mug mL(-1) for the enantiomers of MA, AP, DMA, EP and ME, and 0.02 mug mL(-1) for the enantiomers of NE using selected ion monitoring. The reproducibilities of within-run (n = 4) for the migration times and peak areas of the standard mixture were under 0.58% and 7.83%. respectively. The calibration curves of the peak areas of the 12 enantiomers were linear in the range of 0.05 - 10 mug mL(-1). This method was applicable to the analysis of urine samples.

关键词： .formic methamphetamine Urine samples heptakis within-run acid pH peak areas background electrolyte migration times sulfato standard mixture Simultaneous Chiral enantiomers of MA AP DMA reproducibilities

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Forensic toxicology

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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013年第12期405卷 3919-3920页

作者： Watanabe, Kazuhito Chinaka, Satoshi Hokuriku Univ Dept Hygien Chem Fac Pharmaceut Sci Kanazawa Ishikawa 9201181 Japan Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan

The article discusses reports published in the issue which focuses on papers on forensic toxicology presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists held in Japan includi... 详细信息

关键词： FORENSIC toxicology TOXICOLOGY -- Congresses

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High-performance liquid chromatography study on effects of permanent wave, dye and decolorant treatments on methamphetamine and amphetamine in hair

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BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY 1999年第4期13卷 257-261页

作者： Takayama, N Tanaka, S Kizu, R Hayakawa, K Ishikawa Prefectural Police Headquarters Forens Sci Lab Kanazawa Ishikawa 9208553 Japan Kanazawa Univ Fac Pharmaceut Sci Dept Hyg Chem Kanazawa Ishikawa 9200934 Japan

Black hairs that had been removed from a methamphetamine (MA) addict were treated with permanent wave, dye or decolorant liquids, and MA and amphetamine (AP) were quantified by a high-performance liquid chromatography/chemiluminescence detection method The concentrations of MA and AP in the hair decreased significantly in all cases. Both MA and AP were stable in the permanent wave treatments, but not stable in the dye or decolorant treatments. As possible reasons for the decrease, the elution of MA and AP from hair in the permanent wave treatment, and the degradation of MA and AP in the dye or decolorant treatments might be considered. These results suggested that treatments of hair with permanent wave, dye or decolorant liquids interfered with determination of MA and AP in hair. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词：苯丙胺/分析化学发光测定法色谱法高压液相/方法化妆品毛发/化学染发剂甲基苯丙胺/分析物质滥用检测成年人人类男(雄)性

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