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Wear-resistant HfCx film with infrared-visible compatible stealth property

Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Zou, Gaopeng Wang, Qianqian Sheng, Ruixin Sun, Ligang Shao, Qiyue Zhang, Xuhai Jia, Zhe Shen, Baolong School of Materials and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials Southeast University Nanjing211189 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing211167 China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Ultra-high temperature ceramic films have offered a combination of low infrared emissivity and durability in extremely harsh environments. However, desired applications have been limited by high visible light reflectivity. Herein, a novel strategy, by adjusting C stoichiometry and energy input, is proposed to construct a HfC0.91 film consisted of HfC columnar nanograins with a width of 14.3 ± 0.4 nm and a-C phase at triple junctions, as well as exhibiting significantly increased surface roughness. The resulting microstructure simultaneously achieved excellent infrared-visible compatible stealth and tribo-mechanical properties. The infrared reflectivity/emissivity in the wavelength band of 8–14 μm is 0.9/0.1 primarily attributed to a reduction in lattice vibration absorption, while the low visible reflectivity (0.33) is mainly dominated by reduced plasma energy and enhanced multiple scattering absorption. Furthermore, the HfC0.91 film exhibited improved wear-resistance due to the self-lubricating properties of a-C phase. Thus, this work offers a new strategy for designing wear-resistant HfCx film with infrared-visible compatible stealth property for application in extreme thermo-mechanical service environments. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Multiple scattering

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Effect of Transition Layers on the Microstructure and Properties of CMT Additively Manufactured Steel/Copper Specimens

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Materials 2025年第8期18卷 1734-1734页

作者： Guo, Xuyang Xu, Yulang Li, Jingyong Zhang, Cheng Advanced Welding Technology Provincial Key Laboratory Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang212003 China School of Naval Architecture and Intelligent Manufacturing Jiangsu Maritime Institute Nanjing211199 China

During the cold metal transfer (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process of steel/copper bimetallic materials, interfacial penetration cracks have been observed due to the significant differences in thermal and physical properties between steel and copper. To mitigate the occurrence of these penetration cracks and enhance the interfacial elemental diffusion at the steel/copper junction, this study aims to fabricate high-performance steel/copper bimetallic materials with a uniform microstructure using CMT arc additive manufacturing techniques. A reciprocating additive sequence was adopted, with steel deposited first, followed by copper. Four different interlayer compositions, Cu-Ni, Fe-Ni, Cu-Cr, and Ni-Cr, were applied to the steel surface before the deposition of aluminum bronze. These interlayers served as a transition between the steel and copper materials. The manufacturing process then continued with the deposition of aluminum bronze to achieve the desired bimetallic structure. After the addition of interlayers, all four sets of samples exhibited excellent macroscopic formability, with clear and smooth interlayer contours and no visible cracks or collapse defects at the junction interfaces. The mechanical properties of the composite walls were enhanced following the addition of the interlayers, with an increase in tensile strength observed across the samples. The sample with the Fe-Ni interlayer showed the most significant improvement, with a 52% increase in impact energy absorption. Furthermore, the sample with the Fe-Ni interlayer demonstrated a higher average hardness level than the other groups, which was associated with the distribution and content of the iron-rich phase and the β′ phase. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Tensile strength

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One-step solvothermal preparation of Fe-doped Ni_(0.85)Se/NF:An efficient catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction

ChemPhysMater

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ChemPhysMater 2025年第1期4卷 78-85页

作者： Longqi Zhu Runze Wang Chen Wang Shuhan Yang Haizhen Liu Bo Xing Honghui Cheng Kuikui Wang Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment Laboratory of New Fiber Materials and Modern TextileGrowing Basis for State Key LaboratoryCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National Engineering Laboratory of Circular Economy Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

Metal-cation doping is a fundamental strategy for enhancing catalyst ***-doped Ni_(0.85)Se/NF(Fe-Ni_(0.85)Se/NF)nanoparticles were prepared at 80°C via Fe^(2+)etching *** addition of Fe altered the coordination environment of the Ni species along with the catalyst's morphology,creating additional active ***,the synergistic interaction between the bimetallic components augmented the built-in activity and accelerated reaction *** Fe-Ni_(0.85)Se/NF electrocatalysts demonstrated remarkable catalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER),with an acceptable overpotential of 276 mV and a Tafel slope of 58.1 mV dec^(−1)at 100 mA cm^(−2).Moreover,they demonstrated exceptional *** situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses showed that the excellent OER performance stemmed from the reconstruction-induced hydroxyl *** study offers a novel approach for streamlining the synthesis procedures and reducing the experimental costs for developing high-efficiency electrocatalysts.

关键词： Doping Selenylation Hydrothermal reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Electrocatalysts

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Harnessing the enol/keto-form emission of ESIPT: mechanochromism, multi-channel imaging, and detection of a chemical warfare agent mimic

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Science China Materials 2025年第2期68卷 448-454页

作者： Kangmin Wang Min Zhang Danni Yang Liqiu Wan Shouxin Zhang Liang Yan Ke Yang Bijin Li Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences&Department of Medical LaboratoryShapingba Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing UniversityChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian Beijing 100191China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials&Technology School of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China

Reported herein is the first time mechanochromicmaterials based on sole enol-form emission of 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)azoles containing one triphenylamine (TPA).Three different single crystals were obtained and representpristine, intermediate, and ground states, respectively. The 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)azoles containing two TPA exhibit balanced dual-emission and could be used in multi-channelimaging, and selectivity accumulated in mitochondria of livingcells. In addition, we developed the first example of excitedstate intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) materials withsole enol-form emission and balanced dual-emission to detectchemical warfare agents (CWAs) mimic diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) with good selectivity, highly sensitive, and fastresponsive.

关键词： fluorescent materials enol-form emission keto-form emission ESIPT chemical warfare agents

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Evolution Design Methodology of the Metamorphic Mechanisms Inspired by Gene Deduction

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Journal of Mechanical Design 2025年第8期147卷 083302页

作者： Zhang, Yang Xu, Peng Li, Bing Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robots Key University Laboratory of Mechanism & Machine Theory and Intelligent Unmanned Systems of Guangdong School of Robotics and Advanced Manufacture Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518052 China

This article proposes an evolutionary design method for metamorphic mechanisms inspired by gene deduction. First, the correlations between biological evolution and mechanical evolution, biological systems and mechanical systems, and genes and mechanisms are revealed. There are many similarities between biology and mechanism. Biological principles can be applied to the study and design of the mechanisms to adapt well to tasks and environments. The correlation between genetic operation and mechanical design is developed. The selection operator, recombination operator, and mutation operator of the mechanisms are deduced by inspiring genes. To verify the rationality of these operators, they are used to construct 5R (revolute joints) overconstrained closed-loop linkage, 6R metamorphic closed-loop linkage, 7R deployable closed-loop linkage, and 2RP (prismatic joint) RR metamorphic parallel mechanism (MPM). The mobilities of these mechanisms are analyzed via the atlas method. Finally, the evolutionary design method of MPMs is introduced and used to design the mechanisms with 2R1T (two rotation one translation) and 1R2T modes, which verify the effectiveness of the method. The proposed evolutionary design method provides a new theoretical tool for the design of metamorphic single-loop and parallel mechanisms.

关键词： bio-inspired design Chain Design methodology evolution design Design Parallel mechanisms Kinematics metamorphic mechanisms single-loop/parallel mechanisms Kinematic chains gene deduction atlas method Biology Bifurcation

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Mechanistic insight into the synergy between nickel single atoms and nanoparticles on N-doped carbon for electroreduction of CO_(2)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 327-336页

作者： Mingdong Sun Wenwen Guan Cailing Chen Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Biao Meng Tao Chen Yu Han Jun Wang Shibo Xi Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentA*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Jurong IslandSingapore 627833Singapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The synergy of single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR);however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst ***,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly(ionic liquids)(PIL)precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing *** catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into *** Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and *** charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active *** the electroreduction of CO_(2),the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO_(2)activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO_(2)→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.

关键词： Single atom catalyst Synergy effect cO2 reduction Carbon catalyst Electrocatalysis

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Research on the regulation of bubble size distribution in a venturi bubble generator

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Chemical Engineering Research and Design 2025年 218卷 764-779页

作者： Fangyang Yuan Xibin Zhang Chenlong Dai Jiyun Du Wei Yu Dongxiang Wang Xinjun Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology Wuxi 214122 China School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China

The regulation of bubble size distribution in Venturi bubble generators is crucial for their efficiency in flotation applications; yet, this process is hindered by various influencing factors. To address these challenges, a full factorial design of experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of structural and operational parameters on the spatial distribution of bubble sizes. Furthermore, a long short-term memory model was developed and trained using processed images of bubble clusters to establish a predictive relationship between these parameters and the resulting bubble size distribution. The findings reveal that bubble size generally increases with an increase in throat diameter and decreases with an increase in divergence angle at low liquid flow rates, although this relationship becomes less pronounced at higher flow rates. Additionally, air and liquid flow rates exhibit opposing effects on bubble size: an increase in air flow rate typically enlarges the bubbles, whereas an increase in liquid flow rate tends to reduce their size. Moreover, the proximity to the Venturi generator significantly influences bubble size, mainly owing to the lift force acting on the bubbles. This study not only elucidates the regulatory mechanisms governing bubble size distribution in Venturi bubble generators but also provides a valuable theoretical foundation for enhancing flotation efficiency and optimizing the design of flotation equipment.

关键词： Bubble columns

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Excited-State Energy Manipulation Enables Single-Layer White Light-Emitting Diodes to Simulate the Solar Spectrum

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ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 2025年第19期17卷 28436-28446页

作者： Chen, Xinrui Xie, Feng-Ming Xiang, Hengyang Zhang, Kai Guo, Chiyu Bi, Chenghao Wang, Run Guo, Yashuang Wang, Yifei Nie, Jiazhuo Tang, Jian-Xin Chen, Zhuoying Lu, Ruifeng Zeng, Haibo MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Quantum Dot Display School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing210094 China Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa999078 China Qingdao Innovation and Development Base Harbin Engineering University Qingdao266000 China ESPCI Paris PSL University Sorbonne Université CNRS UMR 8213 10 Rue Vauquelin ParisF-75005 France Department of Applied Physics School of Physics Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing210094 China

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have been widely researched and applied for their characteristics of energy savings and environmentally friendliness. However, the spectrum of WLEDs is quite different from that of natural sunlight, and long-term use can have an impact on both physiological and psychological health. Three strategies have been designed to address the issue of spectral defects by revealing the exciton energy transfer and distribution behavior between multiple excited states. Here, single emitting layer (SEL)-WLEDs are designed to simulate the solar spectrum, which exhibits excellent spectral stability at different operating voltages, demonstrating that exciton distribution can maintain dynamic balance. In addition, these devices can accurately replicate sunlight during different time periods, with a high color rendering index (CRI ∼ 90) and a nearly 90% coverage in the human comfort region. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet, deep blue, and near-infrared regions were reduced by 100%, 80%, and 90%, respectively. These results indicate that the strategies are expected to be used to promote the physical and mental health of those who work in environments far from natural light for a long time. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Fluorescence

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Advances in nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第5期23.0卷 513-528页

作者： Wang, Yuqian Huang, Renqi Feng, Shufan Mo, Ran State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 211198 China

Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems (nDDSs) present significant opportunities for improving disease treatment, offering advantages in drug encapsulation, solubilization, stability enhancement, and optimized pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. nDDSs, comprising lipid, polymeric, protein, and inorganic nanovehicles, can be guided by or respond to biological cues for precise disease treatment and management. Equipping nanocarriers with tissue/cell-targeted ligands enables effective navigation in complex environments, while functionalization with stimuli-responsive moieties facilitates site-specific controlled release. These strategies enhance drug delivery efficiency, augment therapeutic efficacy, and reduce side effects. This article reviews recent strategies and ongoing advancements in nDDSs for targeted drug delivery and controlled release, examining lesion-targeted nanomedicines through surface modification with small molecules, peptides, antibodies, carbohydrates, or cell membranes, and controlled-release nanocarriers responding to endogenous signals such as pH, redox conditions, enzymes, or external triggers like light, temperature, and magnetism. The article also discusses perspectives on future developments. © 2025 China Pharmaceutical University

关键词： Controlled release Drug delivery Nanocarrier Stimuli responsiveness Tissue targeting

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Enhancing the creep resistance in a RE-free cast Mg-Al-Ca alloy through microalloying of Ti

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 414-428页

作者： Zhuang Cui Yang Liu Ying Zeng Manping Liu Xiaochun Liu Shiwei Xu Xuefei Chen Qudong Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and Key State Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Material Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Institute of Metals College of Material Science and EngineeringChangsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410004China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

High temperature performance of magnesium alloys can be tailored by either grain size or precipitates in the grain *** this study,exceptional creep resistance was successfully acquired in a RE-free cast Mg-Al-Ca-Ti(AC51Ti)*** of Ti(0.01 wt.%)has been found to be beneficial to the improvement of the tensile creep resistance in a RE-free cast Mg-5Al-0.35Mn-(1Ca)(AC51)alloy,showing a low state creep rate(SCR)of 2.70×10^(−9)s^(−1)at 200℃/50 MPa,which is even better than that of many reported RE-containing Mg *** presence of trace Ti contributes to the substantial refinement and more uniform distribution of Al_(2)Ca precipitates in the *** the same time,the microalloying of Ti improves the solubility of Al and Ca in the *** is reasonable to believe that the microalloying of Ti induced re-organization of Al_(2)Ca precipitates,dissolved a larger amount of Al and Ca atoms into magnesium lattice,and increased the possibility of interaction between GB/dislocations and precipitates,which strongly correlates with the high temperature *** creep strengthening mechanisms primarily attributed to both second phase strengthening and solid solution strengthening were separately proposed based on the experimental investigations.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Creep mechanisms Al_(2)Ca phase Microalloying of Ti

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