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Coordinated control of decarbonization efficiency and oxygen absorption rate in Ruhrstahl–Heraeus degasser based on mechanism model and BP neural network

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第3期32卷 606-618页

作者： Lu-heng Jiang Min Wang Jia-qi Zhao Cheng Yao Li-dong Xing Xin-gang Ai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Technical Support Centre for Prevention and Control of Disastrous Accidents in Metal Smelting University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Research of Iron&Steel Zhangjiagang215600JiangsuChina School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051LiaoningChina

A mathematical model of the decarburization reaction zone was established for the Ruhrstahl–Heraeus (RH) forced oxygen blowing decarburization process by Matlab R2022b software. For the problem of inaccurate prediction due to the large variation range of oxygen absorption rate under different process conditions, we statistically analyzed the main factors affecting the oxygen absorption rate. The backpropagation neural network was used to train and predict the oxygen absorption rate and was used to calculate the RH decarburization reaction zone model. We designed and developed a mathematical modeling software with process control of decarburization in RH degasser, which can realize the change of operating process parameters in the dynamic prediction process. The optimized mathematical model has more than 95% of the furnaces whose absolute error in calculation of carbon content is within ± 5 × 10^(−6), more than 90% of the heats whose relative error in calculation of oxygen content is within ± 15%, and the average absolute error of calculation of oxygen content is 26.4 × 10−6. Finally, we studied the influence of oxygen blowing timing, oxygen blowing volume and initial oxygen content on the forced decarburization process.

关键词： Ruhrstahl-Heraeus degasser Mathematical model Forced decarburization Oxygen absorption rate Process control

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Efficient and Stable Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by Oriented Growth Regulation

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2025年第6期46卷 952-955页

作者： Zhang, Kun Zhang, Xiaofei Zhang, Chengxi Feng, Jie Kong, Lingmei Wang, Sheng Yang, Yingguo Wang, Lin Yang, Xuyong Shanghai University Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education Shanghai200072 China Jiangsu University of Science and Technology School of Science Zhenjiang212100 China Zhangjiang Lab Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Shanghai China Fudan University School of Microelectronics Shanghai China

Metal halide perovskites have demonstrated remarkable progress in optoelectronic applications, including solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the long-term stability of perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) remains a critical challenge, impeding their practical applications and commercialization. Herein, we regulate the growth kinetics of perovskites in liquid-solid stages by introducing 2,3,4,5, 6-pentafluorophenylphosphonic acid (PFBPA) into the precursor solution. The PFBPA molecules will create a protective passivation layer by coordinating with uncoordinated lead (Pb2+) on the perovskite surface, which regulates the growth of perovskite crystals during the liquid-solid stages and results in the formation of uniform perovskite films with reduced grain size. Moreover, the coordination of PFBPA with Pb2+ also improves the moisture resistance of perovskites, favoring the operational stability of devices. The resulting PeLED devices achieved a maximum brightness of 12426 cd m-2, a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 22.6%, and a remarkable operational stability with a half-lifetime exceeding 1187 hours at initial luminance of 100 cd m-2. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Perovskite

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Preparation of a novel foam concrete for the carbonation of steel slag with low thermal conductivity and enhanced CO2 capture

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Materials Letters 2025年 394卷

作者： Wang, Yuhan Lu, Bao Hou, Guihua Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environment Protection of Jiangsu Province Yancheng Institute of Technology Jiangsu Yancheng224051 China

The foam concrete was prepared using carbonation curing with steel slag as the raw material. The composition and moisture content of carbonated steel slag and hydrated Portland cement were compared. The optimal preparation parameters and properties of carbonated steel slag foam concrete were investigated. Results showed that the 14 d moisture content of carbonated steel slag (5.3 %) was significantly lower than that of hydrated Portland cement (13.5 %), indicating that carbonated steel slag contains fewer heat-transfer mediums, making it superior for foam concrete production. Under optimum conditions, the steel slag foam concrete exhibited a thermal conductivity of 0.0547 W/(m·K), compressive strength of 0.59 MPa, and CO2 sequestration capacity of 138.7 g/kg. This study offers a novel approach for preparing lightweight insulation wall materials while simultaneously utilizing steel slag and CO2. © 2025

关键词： Positive temperature coefficient

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Hierarchical Loss Constraint Filter for Low-Visibility Tiny Crack Detection

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IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 2025年 22卷 15188-15199页

作者： Zheng, Lijing Yi, Zhengkun Xu, Tiantian Wang, Can Shang, Wanfeng University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Beijing100045 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China

Tiny crack detection plays a vital role in ensuring the safety of critical industrial components and infrastructure, providing early intervention to prevent crack propagation and mitigate potential damage. Although machine vision-based defect detection has been greatly utilized in safety inspection and maintenance, tiny crack detection remains a big issue due to the low visibility and weak features with large background noise. To address this challenge, this paper presents an end-to-end trainable hierarchical constrained neural network for tiny crack detection. Firstly, we present a hierarchical loss constraint Filter (HLCF) module based on a region-level attention mechanism to capture the holistic vein structure of cracks and enhance the faint feature extraction of tiny cracks. In order to balance local high contrast and holistic crack features, a feature fusion loss constraint is designed to reduce noise interference and refine the boundary details of cracks by learning different receptive fields in each layer. Besides that, we created a dataset consisting of tiny crack samples collected through image processing and manual labeling from industrial production, named TinyCrack. The proposed HLCF model is evaluated on TinyCrack and seven public databases. The experimental indices show that the model achieves Precision over 0.62%, Recall over 0.12%, F-score over 0.53%, and IOU over 1.12% in TinyCrack, demonstrating the best accuracy compared with other public crack detection models. The results indicate that the HLCF detection model has better performance in identifying low-visibility tiny cracks. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Leak detection

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Regulating crystallization and retarding oxidation in Sn-Pb perovskite via 1D cation engineering for high performance all-perovskite tandem solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 646-652页

作者： Ranran Liu Xin Zheng Zaiwei Wang Miaomiao Zeng Chunxiang Lan Shaomin Yang Shangzhi Li Awen Wang Min Li Jing Guo Xuefei Weng Yaoguang Rong Xiong Li Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology430070HubeiChina Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO) Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

All-perovskite tandem solar cells have the potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single junction solar cells by reducing thermalization ***,the challenges encompass the oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and uncontrolled crystallization kinetics in Sn-Pb perovskites,leading to nonradiative recombination and compositional heterogeneity to decrease photovoltaic efficiency and operational ***,we introduced an ionic liquid additive,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMIMI) into Sn-Pb perovskite precursor to form low-dimensional Sn-rich/pure-Sn perovskites at grain boundaries,which mitigates oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and regulates the film-forming dynamics of Sn/Pb-based perovskite *** optimized single-junction Sn-Pb perovskite devices incorporating EMIMI achieved a high efficiency of 22.87%.Furthermore,combined with wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cells in tandem device,we demonstrate 2-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 28.34%,achieving improved operational stability.

关键词： All-perovskite tandem solar cells Sn-Pb perovskite 1D Regulated crystallization Antioxidation

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A Biomimetic Stress Field Modulation Strategy Inspired by Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla Enabled High-Accuracy and Low-Power Positioning Sensor for Identifying the Load Incident Angles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2025年第2期22卷 727-738页

作者： Junqiu Zhang Yu Chen Haoran Li Jiqi Gao Xiangbo Gu Jiachao Wu Xiaojing Qin Kejun Wang Bin Zhu Daobing Chen Tao Sun Jianhua Fan Zhiwu Han Luquan Ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun130022People’s Republic of China Institute of Structured and Architected Materials Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang110167China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK The Institute of Technological Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China

Numerous arthropods evolve and optimize sensory systems, enabling them to effectively adapt complex and competitive habitats. Typically, scorpions can precisely perceive the prey location with the lowest metabolic rate among invertebrates. This biological phenomenon contrasts sharply with engineered systems, which generally associates high accuracy with substantial energy consumption. Inspired by the Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla (SCSS) with a stress field modulation strategy, a bionic positioning sensor with superior precision and minimal power consumption is developed for the first time, which utilizes the particular Minimum Positioning Units (MPUs) to efficiently locate vibration signals. The single MPU of the SCSS can recognize the direction of collinear loads by regulating the stress field distribution and further, the coupling action of three MPUs can realize all-angle vibration monitoring in plane. Experiments demonstrate that the bionic positioning sensor achieves 1.43 degrees of angle-error-free accuracy without additional energy supply. As a proof of concept, two bionic positioning sensors and machine learning algorithm are integrated to provide centimeter (cm)-accuracy target localization, ideally suited for the man-machine interaction. The novel design offers a new mechanism for the design of traditional positioning devices, improving precision and efficiency in both the meta-universe and real-world Internet-connected systems.

关键词： Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla(SCSS) Vibration Source Stress Field Modulation Strategy High-accuracy and low-power Positioning Sensor Minimum Positioning Unit(MPU)

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Enhancing Structural Stability and Electrochemical Performance of Ultra-high Ni-rich Co-free Cathode via MgHPO_(4) Dual-functional Modification

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2025年第2期41卷 333-342页

作者： LIN Huahui SHEN Yu WEI Li SONG Ran WU Fan WEI Peng YANG Zhenzhong REN Yurong QU Ke DING Zhengping Changzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Advanced Technology for Power Battery Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for the New Energy Vehicle Power BatterySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringChangzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164P.R.China Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices(MOE) Shanghai Center of Brain-inspired Intelligent Materials and DevicesDepartment of ElectronicsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241P.R.China

Ultra-high nickel layered cathodes(Ni≥95%)have emerged as prospective candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)due to their exceptional specific capacity and ***,the commercial application of these cathodes has been hindered by several challenges,including structural instability during cycling,high sensitivity to air,and slow Li+*** this research,a one-step modification strategy was developed to simultaneously achieve Mg doping and Li_(3)PO_(4)layer coating for the ultra-high nickel *** results demonstrated that Mg doping not only alleviates lattice strain changes during the H2–H3 phase transition(H2:the second hexagonal phase;H3:the third hexagonal phase)but also serves as a structural anchor,preventing Ni^(2+)migration and occupation within the Li *** Li_(3)PO_(4)surface coating layer acts as an electrochemical shield,protecting against interfacial side reactions and enhancing the Li+diffusion *** a result,the LiNi_(0.95)Mn_(0.05)O_(2) cathode,with both internal and external modifications,demonstrates significant improvement in cycling stability(85.7%capacity retention after 100 cycles)and Li^(+)transport performance(130.6 mA·h·g^(−1) at 10 C,1 C=189.6 mA·h·g^(−1)),providing a solid foundation for the further development and application of ultra-high nickel cathodes.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Ni-rich Co-free cathode MgHPO_(4) Surface modification

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Temporal feature-based memory neural network for probabilistic-shaping polarization-division multiplexed ultrahigh-order QAM coherent optical transmission

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第05期 28-32页

作者：黄雪晶高明义范佳敏戈懿凡由骁迪沈纲祥 Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Novel Optical Fiber Technology and Communication Network Suzhou Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Network TechnologySchool of Electronic and Information EngineeringSoochow University

High-speed single-carrier transmission can be achieved by increasing the modulation format cardinality for higher spectral ***,ultrahigh-order QAM signals are usually more susceptible to various ***,we propose a temporal feature-based memory (TFM) neural network (NN) equalizer to effectively mitigate signals'impairments in ultrahigh-order *** temporal convolutional network is utilized as a feature extraction layer to significantly improve the performance of the bidirectional long short-term memory *** TFM-NN equalizer was experimentally validated in a probabilistically shaped polarization-division multiplexed 1024/4096-QAM coherent optical transmission system,and raw spectral efficiencies of 16.190 and 21.188 bit/s/Hz have been achieved at normalized generalized mutual information thresholds.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis and Optimization of a Double-suction Turbine Agitator

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Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 2025年

作者： Chen, Zhong Song, Zuxiao Peng, Rui Ma, Guohui Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng Rd. Huaian Jiangsu223003 China

Background: As one of the essential pieces of chemical equipment, a reactor provides the necessary reaction space and conditions for the materials involved in the reaction during the stirring process. However, under typical operating conditions, issues such as uneven gas distribution, suboptimal gas-liquid mixing, and low product yield often arise in gas-liquid phase reactors. Purpose: To address the issues prevalent in current stirred reactors, a new design for a stirred reactor equipped with a double-suction turbine agitator was developed. Method: In this paper, a stirred reactor equipped with a double-suction turbine agitator was designed, and its three-dimensional modeling was conducted using SolidWorks. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, based on the Euler-Euler two-phase approach with the RNG k − Ε turbulence model, were performed to assess variables such as stirring speed, installation height, blade diameter and agitator inner diameter. The dispersion characteristics and flow field behaviors of the gas-liquid two-phase under varying conditions were comparatively analyzed. Optimizations were conducted across various parameters to enhance the gas mixing efficiency in the liquid phase. Result: The results show that a diameter of 370mm for the double-suction turbine agitator, an installation height of 640mm, a blade diameter of 500mm, and an inner hole diameter of 200mm yield optimal gas-liquid two-phase mixing performance. This configuration results in a broad and uniform gas distribution within the reactor, maintaining a desired high level of gas holdup at specific positions. Conclusion: The double suction turbine agitator is a type of radial agitator. During operation, it induces significant centrifugal forces in the liquid, exerts a robust shear effect, and enhances the mixing of the gas-liquid phases, thereby increasing the production efficiency of the product. © 2024 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Flow of gases

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Regulation of the sintering trajectory of Ho,Pr:Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics for 2.9μm mid-infrared lasers by atmospheric sintering

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2025年第1期14卷 81-89页

作者： Qing Li Fei Liang Jun Wang Yan Ling Xue Jie Ma Peng Liu Shiyu Sun Zhan Hui Jian Zhang Changhua Zhang Lili Hu Haohai Yu Huaijin Zhang Dingyuan Tang State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School of Physics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronics EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Branch Hefei National Laboratoryand Shanghai Research Center for Quantum SciencesShanghai 201315China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Future Technology School Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China

The sintering trajectory of the Ho,Pr:Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics could be effectively adjusted by sintering in a flowing oxygen atmosphere instead of *** final-stage grain growth was significantly suppressed by the use of oxygen atmosphere presintering,resulting in smaller average grain sizes than those of samples sintered under vacuum,while the same relative density was *** hot isostatic pressing(HIP),the oxygen presintered Ho,Pr:Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics achieved excellent optical quality,with transmittance exceeding 80%at a wavelength of 680 *** codoping of Pr^(3+) as deactivating ions effectively depopulated the lower energy level 5I7 during the Ho^(3+):^(5)I_(6)→^(5)I_(7) transition,thereby making the Ho,Pr:Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics more conducive to promoting population inversion in the 2.9μm laser wavelength range.

关键词： Y_(2)O_(3) ceramics sintering trajectory Ho^(3+)/Pr^(2+) mid-infrared laser fluorescence properties

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