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Research on Security of key Algorithms in Intelligent Driving System

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第1期28卷 29-38页

作者： LIU Shangdong WU Ye JI Yimu CHEN Chen BI Qiang JIAO Zhipeng GONG Jian WANG Ruchuan School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Network Technology Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of the smart driving technology, the security of smart driving algorithms is becoming more and more important. Four core smart driving algorithms are determined by studying the architecture of smart driving algorithm. These algorithms comprise local path planning, pedestrian detection, lane detection and obstacle detection. The security issues of these algorithms are investigated by closely examining the work carried out by the algorithms. We found that there are vulnerabilities in all four algorithms. These vulnerabilities can cause abnormality and even road accidents for the smart cars. The final experiment shows that the vulnerabilities of these algorithms do exist under certain circumstances and therefore have high security risks. This study will lay a foundation to improve the security of the smart driving system.

关键词： Smart driving algorithm Local path planning Pedestrian detection Lane line detection Obstacle detection

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Background Calibration in Pipelined SAR ADCs Exploiting PVT-Tracking Metastability Detector

Background Calibration in Pipelined SAR ADCs Exploiting PVT-...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Lizhen Zhang Jianhui Wu National ASIC Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of sensor network technology Southeast University Nanjing China

A dither-based digital background calibration exploiting metastability detector (MD) to correct capacitor mismatch error and gain error in pipelined successive approximation register (SAR) analogue-to-digital converters (ADCs) is proposed. The comparator resolving time is utilized for dither injection only when the residue is in the vicinity of the comparator threshold, thereby minimizing the loss of dynamic range. Besides, the residue amplifier is reused as a delay reference to construct the MD. By executing a dedicated delay- control calibration, the MD realizes a robustness against process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. In addition, this paper also introduces the circuit design of the PVT-tracking MD. The schematic-based simulation results show that the delay- control calibration converges within thousands of decision cycles. The proposed bit-weight calibration is verified in a 14-bit pipelined SAR ADC. Behavioral simulation results show that, with calibration, the signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is improved from 58.2 to 79.1 dB and spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is increased from 64.5 to 97.1 dB.

关键词： Simulation Detectors Dynamic range Robustness Calibration Delays Convergence

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Liquid crystal integrated metamaterial for multi-band terahertz linear polarization conversion

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第9期19卷 127-132页

作者： Shitong Xu Fei Fan Hongzhong Cao Yinghua Wang Shengjiang Chang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Polarization and Information Technology Department of PhysicsSchool of Physics and EngineeringQufu Normal UniversityQufu 273165China Institute of Modern Optics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology Tianjin 300350China

We experimentally investigate the linear polarization conversion for terahertz(THz)waves in liquid crystal(LC)integrated metamaterials,which consist of an LC layer sandwiched by two orthogonally arranged sub-wavelength metal gratings.A Fabry-Perot-like cavity is well constructed by the front and rear gratings,and it shows a strong local resonance mechanism,which greatly enhances the polarization conversion *** importantly,the Fabry-Perot-like resonance can be actively tuned by modulating the refractive index of the middle LC layer under the external *** a result,the integrated metamaterial achieves multi-band tunable linear polarization conversion.

关键词： terahertz liquid crystals metamaterial polarization conversion

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Beam Width Controlling Technique of Microstrip Patch Antennas Using Small, Flat and Stub-Loaded Ground Plane

Beam Width Controlling Technique of Microstrip Patch Antenna...

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2021 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics: Applications and Student Innovation Competition, iWEM 2021

作者： Liu, Lu Wu, Han Pan, Ming-Ge Lu, Wen-Jun Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 66 New Mofan Road Nanjing210003 China Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network and Communication Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences 865 Changning Road Shanghai200050 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418287

A square microstrip patch antenna with small, flat, stub-loaded ground plane is presented. In this manner, the currents on the ground plane can be utilized and manipulated to contribute an adjustable broad beam width characteristic. On the one hand, two parasitic rectangular strips are symmetrically incorporated on the small ground plane of a square microstrip patch antenna to reduce the back-lobe radiation and expand the beamwidth. On the other hand, with the change of ground plane size and stub length, H-plane half-power beamwidth (HPBW) can be remarkably adjusted to vary from 99° to 217°, with the E-plane one less changed. Experimental studies have been performed to verify the design technique. As can be seen, ratio of H-plane and E-plane HPBW can be tuned from 1.45-2.45. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Slot antennas

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From Universe to Metaverse: IRS-Assisted Efficient Transmission for Hybrid Earth-Moon network

From Universe to Metaverse: IRS-Assisted Efficient Transmiss...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Chengcheng Lv Fei Shen Feng Yan Lianfeng Shen Yi Wu Liang Tang Yu Zhao Zhiyong Bu Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network and Communications Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology Ltd. Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9798331517786

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517793

To fulfill the requirements of human lunar exploration programs and establish bases on the moon in the distant future, lunar sensors (LSs) will inevitably produce a significant amount of data. It is necessary to construct the Earth-Moon metaverse in order to obtain and utilize lunar information more effectively. Due to the long communication distance between Earth and Moon as well as the lack of communication resources, a hybrid Earth-Moon metaverse network with channel model and transmission model is designed. To ensure the efficiency and stability of transmission in the network, LSs transmit lunar data to Earth clients (ECs) through the active and passive intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) deployed at relay satellites. Then, we propose a Stackelberg game model to describe the adversarial relationship between the satellites, LSs and ECs, and optimal strategies are obtained by solving the Nash equilibrium to maximize their utility. Simulations demonstrate that the network can effectively shorten the transmission delay and improve the utility of ECs and satellites.

关键词： Earth Vehicular and wireless technologies Metaverse Moon Games Nash equilibrium Vectors Delays Channel models Optimization

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Distributed Resource Allocation and Computation Offloading Based on Blockchain in Vehicle Edge Computing

Distributed Resource Allocation and Computation Offloading B...

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Future Communications and networks (FCN), International Conference on

作者： Xiaoting Ruan Fei Shen Feng Yan Lianfeng Shen Yi Wu Liang Tang Yu Zhao Zhiyong Bu Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network and Communications Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology Ltd Shanghai China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Photoelectric Sensing Application Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9798331512880

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512897

Mobile edge computing (MEC) extends cloud computing capabilities to the network edge, enabling efficient processing of compute-intensive tasks from resource-constrained devices. However, static edge servers can lead to service vulnerabilities due to dynamic user device locations. This paper introduces a vehicle edge computing (VEC) architecture, leveraging vehicles’ idle computing resources to serve as mobile edge servers for nearby vehicles. As the number of vehicles and compute-intensive tasks increases, substantial data exchanges between vehicles and edge servers raise significant security risks in VEC networks lacking security measures. To address the security challenges and manage computing resources, we integrate VEC with blockchain technology, creating a secure offloading framework. Focusing on video task offloading generated by vehicle applications, we propose a resource allocation scheme that comprehensively considers video compression, offloading decisions, bandwidth, and computational resource constraints. This scheme is formulated as a mixed, discrete, non-convex joint optimization problem aimed at maximizing system revenue. Since this type of problem is usually an NP-hard problem, discrete variable relaxation and product term replacement are applied to transform it into a convex optimization problem, and an alternating direction method of multipliers-based distributed resource allocation (ADMM-DRA) algorithm is proposed to solve it. Simulation experiments show that compared with other algorithms, ADMM-DRA can achieve the highest system revenue, effectively reduce system latency, and improve resource utilization.

关键词： Multi-access edge computing Transforms Video compression Convex functions Blockchains Resource management Servers Security Vehicle dynamics Optimization

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AODV Protocol Improvement Based on Path Load and Stability 6th

AODV Protocol Improvement Based on Path Load and Stability

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6th International Conference on Data Science, ICDS 2019

作者： Yan, Yonghang Shang, Aofeng Chen, Bingheng Han, Zhijie Zhang, Qingfang Henan University KaifengHenan475004 China Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Network NanjingJiangsu210003 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811528095

Mobile Ad Hoc network is one of the most important and unique wireless networks independent of any network infrastructure. The whole network is mobile, and the individual nodes are allowed to move freely, and the topology changes dynamically with the movement of nodes. Nodes communication depends on routing protocol for planning and confirmation. For example, AODV protocol selects the shortest path as the single route selection metric which is easy to result in unbalanced network load and path instability, etc, as a result, performance of all aspects of the network is affected and performance is degraded. The most sensitive challenge that MANET faces is to select route metric. Many protocols select hop as the single metric, network load balancing, path stability and other problems is not considered. if the network load is too heavy, the network will be congested, path instability can also easily cause link disruption, which will affect the overall performance of the network. Based on the AODV protocol, this paper proposes a new metric which takes into full consideration of energy, velocity and path hops in order to find a path with high residual energy and high stability in the meantime. The simulation results show the proposed method can obtain better experimental results, compared with the AODV method. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020.

关键词： Stability

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Field-induced transformation of ferroelectric domain states in KTN crystal

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第11期19卷 77-81页

作者： Quanxin Yang Xiaojin Li Hongliang Liu Yingying Ren Pengfei Wu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology Institute of Modern OpticsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations&Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device School of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology Tianjin 300350China

We report an interesting study of electric-field-induced transformation from a single domain ferroelectric state to the multiple domain ferroelectric state in a KTa_(1-x)Nb_(x)O_(3)(KTN) crystal. Experimental results obtained using the confocalμ-Raman spectroscopy confirm the dynamic change of lattice structures induced by an external electric ***, the dependence of relative permittivity on the applied voltage also indicates the transformation of ferroelectric states involving the processes of splintering, inversion, and re-formation of ferroelectric domains.

关键词： KTN ferroelectric state domain state transformation field-induced phenomenon

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Broadband and Tunable Terahertz Absorption Based on Ethanol-Treated Carbon Nanotube Sponges

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Xu, Shi-Tong Fan, Fei Wang, Ying-Hua Cao, Hong-Zhong Chang, Sheng-Jiang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Polarization and Information Technology School of Physics and Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu273165 China Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology Tianjin300350 China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Sensor and Sensing Network Technology Tianjin300350 China

To eliminate the undesired terahertz (THz) interference and echo, broadband and tunable THz absorbing devices are urgently needed. Herein, we report a simple method to obtain an active THz absorption performance by ethanol-treated carbon nanotube sponges (CNT-Sponges). Firstly, the single CNT-Sponges show a high electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness ( EMI SE >40dB), of which >80% electromagnetic energy can be absorbed from 0.2 THz to 1.0 THz (98% absorptivity at 1THz). Secondly, after spraying ethanol on CNT-Sponges (ECNT-Sponges), ECNT-Sponges present high reflection and a significant decrease in absorption and then undergo a recovery process with the change of ethanol content over time. The maximum absorption modulation efficiency is ~ 40%, and its tunable absorption mechanism has been explained: 1, the sprayed ethanol forms a protective film on the surface of CNT-Sponges, and then increases the surface reflection;2, ethanol makes CNT-Sponges shrink and denser and then blocks the transmitted THz waves. Without complex element doping or outfields manipulation, this work provides a feasible way for broadband and tunable THz absorption. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Data-consistent Unsupervised Diffusion Model for Metal Artifact Reduction

Data-consistent Unsupervised Diffusion Model for Metal Artif...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Zhan Tong Zhan Wu Yang Yang Weilong Mao Shijie Wang Yinsheng Li Yang Chen Laboratory of Image Science and Technology Southeast University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education Nanjing China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Jiangsu Provincial Joint International Research Laboratory of Medical Information Processing the Laboratory of Image Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering and the Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications Nanjing China

Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging technique widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, high-attenuation metallic implants result in the obstruction of low-energy Xrays and further lead to metal artifacts in the reconstructed CT images. Deep supervised model-based metal artifact reduction(MAR) approaches are limited in clinical applications due to the difficulty in obtaining paired artifact-affected and artifactfree data. Furthermore, these model-based methods lack the consideration of data consistency in the sinogram-domain to perform exact metal trace inpainting. To address these challenges, we propose a Data-consistent unsupErVised diffusiOn model for meTal artifact rEDuction, called DEVOTED-Net. First, DEVOTED-Net leverages prior knowledge to guide the conditional diffusion model for fine-grained metal trace inpainting. Second, an unsupervised MAR framework is designed in the reverse process for the unknown metal traces restoration in the sinogram domain. Third, to further enhance the sinogram-domain data consistency, physics-based consistency constraint loss including conjugateray consistency loss and accumulation-ray consistency loss is designed. Extensive experiments are carried out to verify the performance of our algorithm on the publicly available dataset and clinical experimental dataset. This efficient, accurate, and reliable MAR approach holds great potential in clinics.

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