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arXiv 2023年

作者： Guo, Yuhe Wei, Zhewei Gaoling School of Articial Intelligence Renmin University of China China Peng Cheng Laboratory China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods China MOE Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering China

Polynomial filters, a kind of Graph Neural Networks, typically use a predetermined polynomial basis and learn the coefficients from the training data. It has been observed that the effectiveness of the model is highly dependent on the property of the polynomial basis. Consequently, two natural and fundamental questions arise: Can we learn a suitable polynomial basis from the training data? Can we determine the optimal polynomial basis for a given graph and node features? In this paper, we propose two spectral GNN models that provide positive answers to the questions posed above. First, inspired by Favard’s Theorem, we propose the FavardGNN model, which learns a polynomial basis from the space of all possible orthonormal bases. Second, we examine the supposedly unsolvable definition of optimal polynomial basis from Wang & Zhang (2022) and propose a simple model, OptBasisGNN, which computes the optimal basis for a given graph structure and graph signal. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed models. Our code is available at https://***/yuziGuo/FarOptBasis. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Exploring linguistic features and user engagement in Chinese online mental health counseling

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Heliyon 2024年第19期10卷 e38042页

作者： Zhang, Liyuan Liu, Dexi Li, Jing Wan, Changxuan Liu, Xiping School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics JiangXi Nanchang 330013 China School of Mathematics and Computer YuZhang Normal College Jiangxi Nanchang 330013 China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Data and Knowledge Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Jiangxi Nanchang 330013 China School of Electronic Management Science Fujian Jiangxia University Fujian Fuzhou 350108 China

With the popularity of online mental health platforms, more individuals are seeking help and receiving social support by openly discussing their problems. Therefore, it's crucial to gain a deeper understanding of which problem disclosures and social support on these platforms can attract more user attention and engagement. Previous research has primarily focused on social media forums. Our work concentrates on the professional mental health platform, intending to understand the linguistic features present in posts that promote user engagement and interaction. We employ text mining and deep learning techniques to analyze posts consisting of 22,250 questions from help-seekers and 78,328 answers providing social support extracted from the Chinese online mental health counseling platform. Initially, we analyze the high-frequency words and topics of the questions and answers to gain insights into the primary focal points and the range of topics covered in these posts. The results indicate that work-related issues are the most concerning and troublesome for help-seekers, and the topics that users follow are approximately 8 types, including growth, family, in-love, marriage, emotions, human-relations, behavioral-therapy and career. Subsequently, we analyze the language usage in question-and-answer posts with different engagement from three aspects: vocabulary categories, linguistic style matching, and language modeling, aiming to identify which linguistic features can attract more user attention and engagement. The results reveal that high-engagement answer posts exhibit a higher degree of linguistic style matching with the corresponding questions, and the use of vocabulary categories also influences the attention and engagement of the posts. By exploring the linguistic features and patterns displayed in posts with different levels of engagement on the professional online mental health platform, this study offers deep insights into user behavior and the factors that impact

关键词： Language modeling Linguistic style matching Online mental health counseling The topics of questions and answers Vocabulary categories

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EvoChart: A Benchmark and a Self-Training Approach Towards Real-World Chart Understanding

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Muye Lai, Han Zhang, Xinyu Wu, Wenjun Ma, Jie Zhang, Lingling Liu, Jun School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University China MOE KLINNS Lab Xi’an Jiaotong University China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering China

Chart understanding enables automated data analysis for humans, which requires models to achieve highly accurate visual comprehension. While existing Visual Language Models (VLMs) have shown progress in chart understanding, the lack of high-quality training data and comprehensive evaluation benchmarks hinders VLM chart comprehension. In this paper, we introduce EvoChart, a novel self-training method for generating synthetic chart data to enhance VLMs’ capabilities in real-world chart comprehension. We also propose EvoChart-QA, a noval benchmark for measuring models’ chart comprehension abilities in real-world scenarios. Specifically, EvoChart is a unique self-training data synthesis approach that simultaneously produces high-quality training corpus and a high-performance chart understanding model. EvoChart-QA consists of 650 distinct real-world charts collected from 140 different websites and 1,250 expert-curated questions that focus on chart understanding. Experimental results on various open-source and proprietary VLMs tested on EvoChart-QA demonstrate that even the best proprietary model, GPT-4o, achieves only 49.8% accuracy. Moreover, the EvoChart method significantly boosts the performance of open-source VLMs on real-world chart understanding tasks, achieving 54.2% accuracy on EvoChart-QA. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Visual languages

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Semi-supervised Multi-label Learning with Missing labels via Correlation Information

Semi-supervised Multi-Label Learning with Missing Labels via...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Zexian Xie Peipei Li Jinling Jiang Xindong Wu Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei Anhui China Knowledge Engineering Research Center Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou Zhejiang China

In multi-label learning, each instance is associated with a set of labels simultaneously. Most existing studies assume that the set of labels for each instance is complete. However, it is generally difficult to obtain all the relevant labels of each instance, and only a partial or even empty set of relevant labels is available, which is called semi-supervised multi-label learning with missing labels. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel framework that considers label correlations and instance correlations to recover the missing labels and utilizes a large amount of unlabeled data simultaneously to improve the classification performance. Specifically, a new supplementary label matrix is firstly obtained by learning the label correlation. Secondly, considering each class label may be decided by some specific characteristics of its own, a label-specific data representation is hence learned for each class label. Thirdly, instance correlations are utilized not only to recover the missing labels, but also to propagate the supervision information from labeled instances to unlabeled ones. In addition, a united objective function is designed to facilitate the above processing and an accelerated proximal gradient method is adopted to solve the optimization problem. Finally, extensive experimental results conducted on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to competing ones.

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Suppress Content Shift: Better Diffusion Features via Off-the-Shelf Generation Techniques 38

Suppress Content Shift: Better Diffusion Features via Off-th...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Meng, Benyuan Xu, Qianqian Wang, Zitai Yang, Zhiyong Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering CAS China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China Peng Cheng Laboratory China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China

Diffusion models are powerful generative models, and this capability can also be applied to discrimination. The inner activations of a pre-trained diffusion model can serve as features for discriminative tasks, namely, diffusion feature. We discover that diffusion feature has been hindered by a hidden yet universal phenomenon that we call content shift. To be specific, there are content differences between features and the input image, such as the exact shape of a certain object. We locate the cause of content shift as one inherent characteristic of diffusion models, which suggests the broad existence of this phenomenon in diffusion feature. Further empirical study also indicates that its negative impact is not negligible even when content shift is not visually perceivable. Hence, we propose to suppress content shift to enhance the overall quality of diffusion features. Specifically, content shift is related to the information drift during the process of recovering an image from the noisy input, pointing out the possibility of turning off-the-shelf generation techniques into tools for content shift suppression. We further propose a practical guideline named GATE to efficiently evaluate the potential benefit of a technique and provide an implementation of our methodology. Despite the simplicity, the proposed approach has achieved superior results on various tasks and datasets, validating its potential as a generic booster for diffusion features. Our code is available at this url. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Not All Diffusion Model Activations Have Been Evaluated as Discriminative Features 38

Not All Diffusion Model Activations Have Been Evaluated as D...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Meng, Benyuan Xu, Qianqian Wang, Zitai Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering CAS China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China Peng Cheng Laboratory China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China

Diffusion models are initially designed for image generation. Recent research shows that the internal signals within their backbones, named activations, can also serve as dense features for various discriminative tasks such as semantic segmentation. Given numerous activations, selecting a small yet effective subset poses a fundamental problem. To this end, the early study of this field performs a large-scale quantitative comparison of the discriminative ability of the activations. However, we find that many potential activations have not been evaluated, such as the queries and keys used to compute attention scores. Moreover, recent advancements in diffusion architectures bring many new activations, such as those within embedded ViT modules. Both combined, activation selection remains unresolved but overlooked. To tackle this issue, this paper takes a further step with a much broader range of activations evaluated. Considering the significant increase in activations, a full-scale quantitative comparison is no longer operational. Instead, we seek to understand the properties of these activations, such that the activations that are clearly inferior can be filtered out in advance via simple qualitative evaluation. After careful analysis, we discover three properties universal among diffusion models, enabling this study to go beyond specific models. On top of this, we present effective feature selection solutions for several popular diffusion models. Finally, the experiments across multiple discriminative tasks validate the superiority of our method over the SOTA competitors. Our code is available at this url. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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SLMP: A Scientific Literature Management Platform Based on Large Language Models

SLMP: A Scientific Literature Management Platform Based on L...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Menghao Guo Jinling Jiang Fan Wu Shanxin Sun Chen Zhang Wenhui Li Zeyi Sun Guangyong Chen Xindong Wu Research Center for Life Sciences Computing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China Research Center for Data Hub and Security Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China Research Center for High Efficiency Computing System Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering With Big Data Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9798331508821

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508838

This paper presents a Scientific Literature Management Platform (SLMP, demo link 1 ) based on large language models (LLMs). The platform consists of four modules: literature management, literature extraction, literature retrieval, and question answering. The core techniques used to support the four modules across the platform include a fine-tuned model PaperExtractGPT and a continual pre-training model ChatPaperGPT based on ChatGLM 2 using the data from scientific research literature, responsible for information extraction and communication, respectively. Due to their powerful capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, LLMs can understand complex scientific concepts based on the provided contexts, and thus generate high-quality texts and conduct in-depth information retrieval and question answering. Our platform can help researchers manage and utilize literature more effectively and efficiently for finding relevant literature, obtaining required information, and generating new knowledge.

关键词： Training Large language models knowledge graphs Information retrieval data models Question answering (information retrieval)

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IKGN: Intention-aware knowledge Graph Network for POI Recommendation

IKGN: Intention-aware Knowledge Graph Network for POI Recomm...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Xiaoyu Zhu Chenyang Bu Bingbing Dong Shengwei Ji Yi He Xindong Wu Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Hefei University China Department of Computer Science Old Dominion University USA Research Center for Knowledge Engineering Zhejiang Lab China

Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation, pivotal for guiding users to their next interested locale, grapples with the persistent challenge of data sparsity. Whereas knowledge graphs (KGs) have emerged as a favored tool to mitigate the issue, existing KG-based methods tend to overlook two crucial elements: the intention steering users’ location choices and the high-order topological structure within the KG. In this paper, we craft an Intention-aware knowledge Graph (IKG) that harmonizes users’ visit histories, movement trajectories, and location categories to model user intentions. Building upon IKG, our novel Intention-aware knowledge Graph Network (IKGN) delves deeper into the POI recommendation by weighing and propagating node embeddings through an attention mechanism, capturing the unique locational intent of each user. A sequential model like GRU is then employed to ensure a comprehensive representation of users’ short- and long-term location preferences. An empirical study on two real-world datasets validates the effectiveness of our proposed IKGN, with it markedly outshining seven benchmark rival models in both Recall and NDCG metrics. The code of IKGN is available at https://***/Jungle123456/IKGN.

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Article reranking by memory-enhanced key sentence matching for detecting previously fact-checked claims 59

Article reranking by memory-enhanced key sentence matching f...

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Joint Conference of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, ACL-IJCNLP 2021

作者： Sheng, Qiang Cao, Juan Zhang, Xueyao Li, Xirong Zhong, Lei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China China

ISBN: (纸本)9781954085527

False claims that have been previously fact-checked can still spread on social media. To mitigate their continual spread, detecting previously fact-checked claims is indispensable. Given a claim, existing works retrieve fact-checking articles (FC-articles) for detection and focus on reranking candidate articles in the typical two-stage retrieval framework. However, their performance may be limited as they ignore the following characteristics of FC-articles: (1) claims are often quoted to describe the checked events, providing lexical information besides semantics;and (2) sentence templates to introduce or debunk claims are common across articles, providing pattern information. In this paper, we propose a novel reranker, MTM (Memoryenhanced Transformers for Matching), to rank FC-articles using key sentences selected using event (lexical and semantic) and pattern information. For event information, we propose to finetune the Transformer with regression of ROUGE. For pattern information, we generate pattern vectors as a memory bank to match with the parts containing patterns. By fusing event and pattern information, we select key sentences to represent an article and then predict if the article fact-checks the given claim using the claim, key sentences, and patterns. Experiments on two real-world datasets show that MTM outperforms existing methods. Human evaluation proves that MTM can capture key sentences for explanations. The code and the dataset are at https://***/ICTMCG/MTM. © 2021 Association for Computational Linguistics

关键词： Semantics

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Mitigating label-Noise for Facial Expression Recognition in the Wild

Mitigating Label-Noise for Facial Expression Recognition in ...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2022

作者： Yan, Huan Gu, Yu Zhang, Xiang Wang, Yantong Ji, Yusheng Ren, Fuji School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology S2AC Lab China Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Security Situation Awareness and Evaluation China National Institute of Informatics Tokushima University Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665485630

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485630

label-noise constitutes a major challenge for facial expression recognition in the wild due to the ambiguity of facial expressions worsened by low-quality images. To deal with this problem, we propose a simple but effective label-noise Robust Network (LRN) which explores the inter-class correlations for mitigating ambiguity that usually happens between morphologically similar classes. Specifically, LRN leverages a multivariate normal distribution to model such correlations at the final hidden layer of the neural network to suppress the heteroscedastic uncertainty caused by inter-class label noise. Furthermore, LRN utilizes a confidence-based label-free loss to extract compact intra-class feature representations under label noise while preserving the intrinsic inter-class relationships. Experiments on three in-the-wild facial expression datasets demonstrates the superiority of our method. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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