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Quantitative Evaluation on the Effects of the Spatial Variability in Concrete Materials on Seismic Damage of Concrete Gravity Dams

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wei, Qingyang Shen, Lei Dunai, László Kövesdi, Balázs Elqudah, Sara Cao, Maosen College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai University Nanjing China Department of Structural Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical Engineering and Hazards Control Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou China

The influencing mechanism of spatial variability in concrete materials on the seismic damage of concrete gravity dams is still unclear, and existing methods for evaluating the seismic damage are insufficient. In this work, the effects of concrete’s spatial variability on the seismic damage distribution, energy dissipation, and deformation in concrete gravity dams are performed based on the damaged plastic model of concrete. Prior to the seismic damage analysis, the method for seismic inputting and the correlation function for realizing random fields of concrete materials are carefully determined. Based on the seismic damage analysis of the Koyna gravity dam, the tensile strength has the greatest influence on the seismic damage, followed by the elastic modulus. Aiming at the tensile strength parameter, the decrease of correlation distance and the increase of coefficient of variation increase the seismic damage degree and complicate the damage distribution. A convenient and comprehensive damage profiling indicator is proposed, so that can avoid the one-sidedness and evaluation error caused by using a single scalar damage value. The triangular area enclosed by the various damage indexes represents the comprehensive damage degree, and the shape change of the damage triangle indicates the change in the damage pattern of the dam. This damage profiling indicator is specifically designed to quantitatively distinguish and evaluate the damage degrees between a series of damage cases. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gravity dams

Optimizing Hydrogen Storage in Salt Caverns: Assessing Permeation and Leakage Dynamics

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Peng Li, Yinping Shi, Xilin Zhu, Shijie Liu, Wei Ma, Hongling Yang, Chunhe State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Geo-Environmental Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

Hydrogen, as a leading candidate for the future energy revolution due to its promise as an environmentally friendly energy source, presents significant potential for global energy systems. Among various storage methods, salt caverns stand out due to their inert environments and stable physical configurations, making them the most promising option for future hydrogen storage. In this study, we first elucidate the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen, emphasizing its low molecular weight, low solubility, high diffusion rate, and strong permeability. Detailed analyses of salt rock properties reveal their low permeability, favorable creep, and self-healing characteristics. We use permeation range, pore pressure distribution, pore pressure evolution, and leakage amount as indicators to assess the tightness of the caverns. A 3D geological model of salt cavern hydrogen storage is constructed to analyze the impact of various injection and production frequencies and operational pressure intervals on the tightness of salt caverns. key findings from our research indicate the suitability of salt caverns for hydrogen storage, the minimal impact of injection-production frequency on hydrogen permeation range, and the significant influence on pore pressure in the near-field surroundings of the cavern. Additionally, elevating operational pressure markedly increases the permeation range and cumulative leakage amount. We find that a broader range of pressure fluctuations correlates with increased variability in leakage rates. Over a 30-year operational period for a specific salt cavern, each 1 MPa increase in operating pressure results in a 20-ton increment in hydrogen leakage. This research provides valuable insights for evaluating the sealing effectiveness of salt cavern hydrogen storages, contributing to the optimization of their design and operation for sustainable energy systems. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen storage

Experimental and Numerical Study of Stress Diffusion in Artificial Hard Shell Layer Double Foundation of Dredging Silt

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Gao, Shihu Cai, Faxin Zeng, Fangjin Yuan, Guohui Wang, Long College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Wenzhou Polytechnic Chashan University Town Wenzhou325035 China College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Wenzhou University Chashan University Town Wenzhou325035 China The Key Laboratory of Engineering and Technology for Soft Soil Foundation and Tideland Reclamation of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou325035 China Innovation Centre of Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection Wenzhou University Wenzhou325035 China School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Jiangxi Ganzhou341000 China The Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical and Engineering Disaster Control of Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Ganzhou341000 China

At present, the selection of stress diffusion Angle (SDA) for Artificial hard shell layer (AHSL) double foundation is controversial, but the stress diffusion theory of Natural hard shell layer (NHSL) double foundation is still used for reference. Based on this, the effects of AHSL thickness h, load width B, AHSL elastic modulus E1, elastic modulus E2 of soft soil layer (SSL) and thickness H on the SDA θ of AHSL double foundation were analyzed through laboratory tests and numerical simulation. The results show that the stress diffusion effect of increasing the thickness and elastic modulus of AHSL is better than that of increasing the load width. The increase of elastic modulus and thickness of SSL is not conducive to stress diffusion of AHSL. SDA decreases gradually with the increase of elastic modulus of SSL, but the thickness of SSL does not affect the change of SDA. The SDA gradually increases to about 30° with the increase of AHSL elastic modulus. The load width is increased so that the SDA is increased from 16.80° to 32.24° and then reduced to 9.85°. Finally, the SDA of AHS was determined to be about 30°. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elastic moduli

Influence of Gas Type and Confining Pressure on the Gas Permeability of Rock Salt: engineering Implications for Underground Energy Storage and Co2 Capture

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Liu, Chufan Wang, Tongtao Yang, Chunhe Xie, Dongzhou Liao, Youqiang He, Tao Guo, Wenbo Zhu, Shijie Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hubei Wuhan430071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering China University of Petroleum Qingdao266580 China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

Salt cavern storage is a promising solution for large-scale underground gas storage, playing a critical role in energy storage and sustainable geo-energy applications, including carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). This study investigates the influence of gas type and confining pressure on the permeability of rock salt, focusing on helium (He), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) under varying confining pressures (5 MPa, 10 MPa, 20 MPa, and 30 MPa). Results show that He exhibits the highest permeability due to its small molecular size, whereas CO2, despite having a larger molecular size, demonstrates the best sealing performance under high confining pressures. The permeability of rock salt decreases dramatically with increasing confining pressure, confirming its excellent gas-tightness, while interlayers with higher permeability remain critical pathways for potential gas leakage, especially for smaller molecules like He. Numerical simulations further corroborate the experimental data, offering insights into gas migration dynamics and long-term leakage risks. The findings provide critical guidance for optimizing the design of salt cavern gas storage systems, contributing to safer and more efficient energy storage solutions and CO2 sequestration technologies. This study highlights the importance of confining pressure control and the implementation of tailored sealing strategies to enhance the performance and sustainability of underground storage systems in the context of global green and sustainable science and engineering. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

Correction to: Failure mechanism and stability evaluation of rockslides with oblique intersecting faults as well as mitigation measures for slope − top platform collapse (Landslides, (2024), 10.1007/s10346-024-02416-4)

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Landslides 2025年第5期22卷 1771-1771页

作者： Li, Huaixin Yan, Changgen Shi, Yuling Lan, Hengxing Bao, Han Sun, Weifeng He, Zhe Ma, Dingle Wen, Kui Hu, Jiamin School of Highway Chang’an University Xi’an710064 China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering for Green and Intelligent Transport Xi’an710064 China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an University Xi’an710054 China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Center for Post−Doctoral Studies of Geological Resources and Geological Engineering Chang’an University Xi’an710054 China Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Control Xi’an710054 China

The authors regret that the list of authors that appeared in the original published article is incomplete. Here is the incomplete list of authors: Huaixin Li, Changgen Yan, Yuling Shi, Hengxing Lan, Han Bao, Weifeng Sun, Zhe He Here is the complete list of authors: Huaixin Li, Changgen Yan, Yuling Shi, Hengxing Lan, Han Bao, Weifeng Sun, Zhe He, Dingle Ma, Kui Wen, Jiamin Hu The original article has been corrected. © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

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Properties regulation and application of biomass carbon based composite phase change materials in thermal energy storage

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Solar Energy 2025年 298卷

作者： Chen, Liwen Li, Yuanlin Fei, Hua Tong, Jianmin Dai, Xi Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical Engineering and Hazards Control Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Jiangxi Ganzhou341000 China College of Science Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Jiangxi Ganzhou341000 China

With the continuous growth of global energy consumption, significant attention is being directed toward the development of efficient energy storage materials. Phase change materials (PCMs) are known for their excellent thermal energy reservoir characteristics and their capability to keep relatively stable temperature during the phase transition process. It has received great attention in the realm of thermal energy storage. This is due to their excellent thermal storage capabilities and superior heat regulation. However, difficulties such as material leakage and poor thermal conductivity limit their application potential in diverse environments. In order to optimize the thermal properties of PCMs, biomass based porous media, which are cost-effective, sustainable, and commonly used, can be used as the support material to effectively prepare shape-stable biomass composite phase change materials. This paper reviews the synthesis and research progress of biomass carbon based CPCMs, discusses their impact on the thermal properties of the underlying PCMs and the challenges encountered in the realm of solar energy harvesting, electronics, thermal management in buildings and waste heat recovery, and supplies a reference for further research on biomass carbon based CPCMs. © 2025 International Solar Energy Society

关键词： Carbon carbon composites

Large-Scale Caes in Bedded Rock Salt: A Case Study in Jiangsu Province, China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Hang Ma, Hongling Liu, Jiang Zhu, Shijie Zhao, Kai Zheng, Zhuyan Zeng, Zhen Yang, Chunhe State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Geo-Environmental Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China China Power Engineering Consulting Group Corporation Wuhan430071 China

To achieve the balance for future renewable energy power systems dominated by wind and solar power, large-scale CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage) can be implemented using underground salt caverns. Firstly, the abundant wind and solar energy resources and the geological conditions of the three major salt mines in Jiangsu Province are introduced. Then, a geo-mechanical model is established to analyze the safety and stability of CAES salt caverns. A minimum internal air pressure (IAP) of 10-12 MPa is proposed for caverns AN 13 and AN 21. It is also recommended that both caverns continue to dissolve upwards while the rate of dissolution of the AN 13 cavern should be accelerated during the later stages of salt extraction to form a stable cavity roof. According to our estimations, if 15% of wind and solar power in Jiangsu Province is stored through CAES by 2050, a 9894.0×104 m3 salt cavern volume will be needed, of which 78.6% can be provided by salt mining enterprises. This study provides an economic and feasible solution for achieving carbon neutrality in Jiangsu Province. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Caves

Evolution of Microscopic Pore Structure and Deterioration Mechanism of Sandstone Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Junyue Wang, Guibin Ma, Changkun Liu, Huandui State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control School of Resources and Safety Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hubei Wuhan430071 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnology Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430071 China

It is crucial to study the evolution law and deterioration mechanism of rock pores subjected to freeze-thaw (FT) cycles for revealing the causes of rock mass freezing damage in cold regions. To this end, this paper investigates the evolution pattern of sandstone pore structure and pore water transport pattern during FT cycle by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The mechanism of FT cycles degradation of rock pores was explored. The results show that with the increase of FT cycles, the fractal dimension D a gradually decreases, indicating that the pore surface of the sample gradually becomes smooth under the action of FT cycles, this facilitates the flow of water. The pore water distribution of the initial natural saturation sample is uneven, the micropore saturation is very high. the mesoporous saturation is slightly lower, occupying 87.5% of the mesopores volume. While the macropores saturation is the lowest, only 40.7% of the macropores volume. After 10 cycles, the T 2 spectra of both naturally and forced saturated samples were shifted to the left, indicating that new damage occurred in both samples and that pore water migrated from the larger to the smaller pores. Since the mechanism of segregation ice doesn’t cause frost heave damage to rocks with high tensile strength, this water redistribution occurs more in the thawing stage. The pore water is redistributed by vacuum suction and capillary action, so that the water content in the micropore keeps high. This causes the micropores to be highly susceptible to rupture under the action of frost heaving force during the next freezing. Therefore, the redistribution of pore water in the thawing stage has a great impact on rock frost heave, especially for rocks rich in micropores and mesopores. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pore structure

Selective electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to dinitrogen: Mechanisms, catalysts, and challenges

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Electrochemistry Communications 2025年 177卷

作者： Chen, Jiayu Wu, Anni Xie, Yongfeng Zhang, Yumin Zheng, Hu Teng, Wei State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling College of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to dinitrogen (N2) offers a sustainable, carbon-neutral approach to mitigate nitrate pollution by transforming nitrate into an environmentally benign end-product. While extensive research has focused on ammonia production, selective N2 production remains challenging due to complex pathways, limitations in detection, and the difficulty of controlling reaction on the electrocatalysts. This review provides an overview of current progress in this field, focusing on mechanistic insights, N2 detection methods, and advances in catalyst design. Various classes of electrocatalysts, including monometallic, bimetallic, and single-atom systems, oxide-based and carbon-based materials, examining how their structures regulate key intermediates and N[sbnd]N coupling. The influence of operational parameters such as applied potential, electrolyte, pH, and reactor design is also reviewed. Despite significant advances, challenges remain in understanding interfacial mechanisms and achieving high N2 selectivity under realistic conditions. This review aims to offer timely insights and guidance for the future development of efficient electrocatalytic systems toward selective nitrate-to-N2 conversion, advancing environmental remediation and sustainable nitrogen management. © 2024

关键词： Electrolytic reduction