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E-voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology

Journal of Safety science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 102-109页

作者： Beulah Jayakumari S Lilly Sheeba Maya Eapen Jani Anbarasi Vinayakumar Ravi A.Suganya Malathy Jawahar Department of Information Technology Tagore Engineering College Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram ChennaiIndia Department of Information Technology Jerusalem College of Engineering ChennaiIndia School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia Leather Process Technology Division CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute ChennaiIndia

With the invention of Internet-enabled devices,cloud and blockchain-based technologies,an online voting system can smoothly carry out election *** pandemic situations,citizens tend to develop panic about mass gatherings,which may influence the decrease in the number of *** urges a reliable,flexible,transparent,secure,and cost-effective voting *** proposed online voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology eradicates the flaws that persist in the existing voting system,and it is carried out in three phases:the registration phase,vote casting phase and vote counting phase.A timestamp-based authentication protocol with digital signature validates voters and candidates during the registration and vote casting *** smart contracts,third-party interventions are eliminated,and the transactions are secured in the blockchain ***,to provide accurate voting results,the practical Byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)consensus mechanism is adopted to ensure that the vote has not been modified or ***,the overall performance of the proposed system is significantly better than that of the existing *** performance was analyzed based on authentication delay,vote alteration,response time,and latency.

关键词： E-voting Cloud Blockchain Smart contract Consensus mechanism

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Block Verification Mechanism Based on Zero-Knowledge Proof in Blockchain

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computer Systems science & Engineering 2023年第5期45卷 1805-1819页

作者： Jin Wang Wei Ou Osama Alfarraj Amr Tolba Gwang-Jun Kim Yongjun Ren School of Computer&Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410004China Department of Computer Science Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea School of Computer Science Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China

Since transactions in blockchain are based on public ledger verification,this raises security concerns about privacy *** it will cause the accumulation of data on the chain and resulting in the low efficiency of block verification,when the whole transaction on the chain is *** order to improve the efficiency and privacy protection of block data verification,this paper proposes an efficient block verification mechanism with privacy protection based on zeroknowledge proof(ZKP),which not only protects the privacy of users but also improves the speed of data block *** is no need to put the whole transaction on the chain when verifying block *** just needs to generate the ZKP and root hash with the transaction information,then save them to the smart contract for ***,the ZKP verification in smart contract is carried out to realize the privacy protection of the transaction and efficient verification of the *** the data is validated,the buffer accepts the complete transaction,updates the transaction status in the cloud database,and packages up the ***,the ZKP strengthens the privacy protection ability of blockchain,and the smart contracts save the time cost of block verification.

关键词： Blockchain privacy protection zero-knowledge proof smart contract

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Detecting Double Mixed Compressed Images Based on Quaternion Convolutional Neural Network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 657-671页

作者： Hao WANG Jinwei WANG Xuelong HU Bingtao HU Qilin YIN Xiangyang LUO Bin MA Jinsheng SUN Department of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics Ministry of Education Department of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Management Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Qilu University of Technology

Detection of color images that have undergone double compression is a critical aspect of digital image *** the existence of various methods capable of detecting double joint Photographic Experts Group(JPEG) compression,they are unable to address the issue of mixed double compression resulting from the use of different compression *** particular,the implementation of joint Photographic Experts Group 2000(JPEG2000)as the secondary compression standard can result in a decline or complete loss of performance in existing *** tackle this challenge of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression,a detection method based on quaternion convolutional neural networks(QCNN) is *** QCNN processes the data as a quaternion,transforming the components of a traditional convolutional neural network(CNN) into a quaternion *** relationships between the color channels of the image are preserved,and the utilization of color information is ***,the method includes a feature conversion module that converts the extracted features into quaternion statistical features,thereby amplifying the evidence of double *** results indicate that the proposed QCNN-based method improves,on average,by 27% compared to existing methods in the detection of JPEG+JPEG2000 compression.

关键词： Color image forensics JPEG JPEG2000 Mixed double compression Quaternion convolutional neural network

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Performance Framework for Virtual Machine Migration in Cloud Computing

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6289-6305页

作者： Tahir Alyas Taher M.Ghazal Badria Sulaiman Alfurhood Munir Ahmad Ossma Ali Thawabeh Khalid Alissa Qaiser Abbas Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan School of Information Technology Skyline University CollegeUniversity City SharjahSharjah1797UAE Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebansaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi43600SelangorMalaysia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversitySaudi Arabia School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsLahore54000Pakistan Dean of Student Affairs Skyline University CollegeUniversity City SharjahSharjah1797UAE Networks and Communications Department College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University Madinah Madinah42351Saudi Arabia

In the cloud environment,the transfer of data from one cloud server to another cloud server is called *** can be delivered in various ways,from one data centre to *** research aims to increase the migration performance of the virtual machine(VM)in the cloud *** allow cloud customers to store essential data and ***,server usage has grown dramatically due to the virtualization of computer systems,resulting in higher data centre power consumption,storage needs,and operating *** VMs on one data centre manage share resources like central processing unit(CPU)cache,network bandwidth,memory,and application ***-cloud,VMmigration addresses the performance degradation due to cloud server configuration,unbalanced traffic load,resource load management,and fault situations during data *** speed is influenced by the size of the VM,the dirty rate of the running application,and the latency ofmigration *** a result,evaluating VM migration performance while considering all of these factors becomes a difficult *** effort of this research is to assess migration problems on *** simulation results in Matlab show that if the VMsize grows,themigration time of VMs and the downtime can be impacted by three orders *** dirty page rate decreases,themigration time and the downtime grow,and the latency time decreases as network bandwidth increases during the migration time and post-migration overhead calculation when the VMtransfer is *** the simulated cases of VMs migration were performed in a fuzzy inference system with performance graphs.

关键词： Latency cloud computing dirty page ratio storage migration performance

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The Importance of the Spectral Gap in Estimating Ground-State Energies 13

The Importance of the Spectral Gap in Estimating Ground-Stat...

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13th Innovations in Theoretical computer science Conference, ITCS 2022

作者： Deshpande, Abhinav Gorshkov, Alexey V. Fefferman, Bill Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science Joint Quantum Institute NIST/University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Institute for Quantum Information and Matter California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783959772174

The field of quantum Hamiltonian complexity lies at the intersection of quantum many-body physics and computational complexity theory, with deep implications to both fields. The main object of study is the Local Hamiltonian problem, which is concerned with estimating the ground-state energy of a local Hamiltonian and is complete for the class QMA, a quantum generalization of the class NP. A major challenge in the field is to understand the complexity of the Local Hamiltonian problem in more physically natural parameter regimes. One crucial parameter in understanding the ground space of any Hamiltonian in many-body physics is the spectral gap, which is the difference between the smallest two eigenvalues. Despite its importance in quantum many-body physics, the role played by the spectral gap in the complexity of the Local Hamiltonian problem is less well-understood. In this work, we make progress on this question by considering the precise regime, in which one estimates the ground-state energy to within inverse exponential precision. Computing ground-state energies precisely is a task that is important for quantum chemistry and quantum many-body physics. In the setting of inverse-exponential precision (promise gap), there is a surprising result that the complexity of Local Hamiltonian is magnified from QMA to PSPACE, the class of problems solvable in polynomial space (but possibly exponential time). We clarify the reason behind this boost in complexity. Specifically, we show that the full complexity of the high precision case only comes about when the spectral gap is exponentially small. As a consequence of the proof techniques developed to show our results, we uncover important implications for the representability and circuit complexity of ground states of local Hamiltonians, the theory of uniqueness of quantum witnesses, and techniques for the amplification of quantum witnesses in the presence of postselection. © Abhinav Deshpande, Alexey V. Gorshkov, and Bill Fef

关键词： quantum chemistry

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Object Counting Using a Refinement Network

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2022年第5期27卷 869-879页

作者： Lehan Sun Junjie Ma Liping Jing School of Science Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

To address the scale variance and uneven distribution of objects in scenarios of object-counting tasks,an algorithm called Refinement Network(RefNet) is *** proposed top-down scheme sequentially aggregates multiscale features,which are laterally connected with low-level *** by a multiresolution density regression loss,a set of intermediate-density maps are estimated on each scale in a multiscale feature pyramid,and the detailed information of the density map is gradually added through coarse-to-fine granular refinement progress to predict the final density *** evaluate our RefNet on three crowd-counting benchmark datasets,namely,ShanghaiTech,UCFC0,and UCSD,and our method achieves competitive performances on the mean absolute error and root mean squared error compared to the state-of-the-art *** further extend our RefNet to cell counting,illustrating its effectiveness on relative counting tasks.

关键词： object counting Refinement Network(RefNet) scale variation uneven distribution

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Elevating Localization Accuracy in Wireless Sensor Networks:A Refined DV-Hop Approach

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 1511-1528页

作者： Muhammad Aamer Ejaz Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar Ismail Fauzi Bin Isnin Babangida Isyaku Taiseer Abdalla Elfadil Eisa Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud Asma Abbas Hassan Elnour Department of Computer Science Faculty of ComputingUniversiti Technologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologySule Lamido UniversityP.M.B.048Kafin Hausa741103Nigeria Department of Information Systems-Girls Section King Khalid UniversityMahayil62529Saudi Arabia Humanities Research Center Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Localization is crucial in wireless sensor networks for various applications,such as tracking objects in outdoor environments where GPS(Global Positioning System)or prior installed infrastructure is ***,traditional techniques involve many anchor nodes,increasing costs and reducing *** solutions do not address the selection of appropriate anchor nodes and selecting localized nodes as assistant anchor nodes for the localization process,which is a critical element in the localization ***,an inaccurate average hop distance significantly affects localization *** propose an improved DV-Hop algorithm based on anchor sets(AS-IDV-Hop)to improve the localization *** simulation analysis,we validated that the ASIDV-Hop proposed algorithm is more efficient in minimizing localization errors than existing *** ASIDV-Hop algorithm provides an efficient and cost-effective solution for localization in Wireless Sensor *** strategically selecting anchor and assistant anchor nodes and rectifying the average hop distance,AS-IDV-Hop demonstrated superior performance,achieving a mean accuracy of approximately 1.59,which represents about 25.44%,38.28%,and 73.00%improvement over other algorithms,*** estimated localization error is approximately 0.345,highlighting AS-IDV-Hop’s *** substantial reduction in localization error underscores the advantages of implementing AS-IDV-Hop,particularly in complex scenarios requiring precise node localization.

关键词： Localization anchor nodes collinearity connectivity hop based

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Residual Scheduling: A New Reinforcement Learning Approach to Solving Job Shop Scheduling Problem

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 14703-14718页

作者： Ho, Kuo-Hao Cheng, Jui-Yu Wu, Ji-Han Chiang, Fan Chen, Yen-Chi Wu, Yuan-Yu Wu, I-Chen National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Academia Sinica Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Taipei11529 Taiwan

Job-shop scheduling problem (JSP) is a mathematical optimization problem widely used in industries like manufacturing, and flexible JSP (FJSP) is also a common variant. Since they are NP-hard, it is intractable to find the optimal solution for all cases within reasonable times. Thus, it becomes important to develop efficient heuristics to solve JSP/FJSP. A kind of method of solving scheduling problems is construction heuristics, which constructs scheduling solutions via heuristics. Recently, many methods for construction heuristics leverage deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with graph neural networks (GNN). In this paper, we propose a new approach, named residual scheduling, to solving JSP/FJSP. In this new approach, we remove irrelevant machines and jobs such as those finished, such that the states include the remaining (or relevant) machines and jobs only. Our experiments show that our approach reaches state-of-the-art (SOTA) among all known construction heuristics on most well-known open JSP and FJSP benchmarks. In addition, we also observe that even though our model is trained for scheduling problems of smaller sizes, our method still performs well for scheduling problems of large sizes in terms of makespan. Interestingly in our experiments, our approach even reaches zero makespan gap for 49 among 60 JSP instances whose job numbers are more than 100 on 15 machines. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms

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Leveraging Social Media for Real-Time Interpretable and Amendable Suicide Risk Prediction with Human-in-The-Loop

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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2024年第2期16卷 1128-1145页

作者： Dai, Yi Liu, Jinlei Cao, Lei Xue, Yuanyuan Wang, Xin Ding, Yang Tian, Junrui Feng, Ling Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science Technology Beijing China Beijing Normal University Faculty of Psychology Beijing China China Transport Telecommunications & Information Center Beijing China

Suicide presents a global health challenge, prompting the development of diverse prevention strategies. Among them, timely identification of individuals at risk of suicide remains challenging. Although social media offers potential for tracking users' mental status, harnessing collaboration between AI and human experts for real-time prediction of suicide risk is inadequately explored. This study presents a human-in-the-loop framework for real-time suicide risk prediction based on social media. Once a user made a new post on social media, the AI model assesses user's suicide risk within the next month with explanation based on the historic and new posts plus domain knowledge. Human experts on the other side look into the explanation to confirm/clarify uncertain information as feedback, enabling consistent evolution of the model. Experiments on the constructed dataset, containing 66 suicidal users and 66 non-suicidal users, show that our method achieved 82.58% prediction accuracy, outperforming competitive baselines by 6.57%. Leveraging human feedback improved prediction accuracy by 4.12%. Consultation with 18 experts (including 6 medical staff and 12 psychologists) was conducted to examine the validity of our method. Ethics considerations, as well as potential and limitations of large language models in mental condition prediction, are also discussed at the end of the paper © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Emotional Intelligence and Responsible Social Media Behavior 3

Emotional Intelligence and Responsible Social Media Behavior

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3rd International Conference on Creative Communication and Innovative Technology, ICCIT 2024

作者： Gita Gayatri, Nyoman Ayu Anggraini Kusumajati, Dian Bina Nusantara University School of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Character Building Development Center School of Information System Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367492

The rapid development of today's world has seen the pervasive use of social media platforms, which significantly affects human behavior. Emotional intelligence plays a crucial role in this context. It includes self-awareness, recognizing one's own emotions, managing emotions, recognizing the emotions of others, and interacting effectively with others, thereby influencing how individuals navigate the digital world. Social media serves as a digital territory where various emotional signals are expressed through text, emojis, and interactions. This study aims to determine the impact of emotional intelligence on the responsible use of social media among students at Bina Nusantara University and its implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly the Quality Education indicator. The findings reveal a positive correlation between self- awareness and social media usage. This suggests that the students in the study can recognize their emotions and understand their moods when using social media, which affects their behavior. The study underscores the importance of incorporating emotional intelligence development into educational programs to enhance awareness and promote responsible behavior in the use of digital media in the digital age. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ambient intelligence

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