Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitati...
详细信息
Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative
A wide variety of Galactic sources show transient emission at soft and hard X-ray energies: low- and high-mass X-ray binaries containing compact objects, isolated neutron stars exhibiting extreme variability as magnet...
详细信息
A wide variety of Galactic sources show transient emission at soft and hard X-ray energies: low- and high-mass X-ray binaries containing compact objects, isolated neutron stars exhibiting extreme variability as magnetars as well as pulsar-wind nebulae. Although most of them can show emission up to MeV and/or GeV energies, many have not yet been detected in the TeV domain by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting new Galactic transients with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and the prospects for studying them with Target of Opportunity observations. We show that CTAO will likely detect new sources in the TeV regime, such as the massive microquasars in the Cygnus region, low-mass X-ray binaries with low-viewing angle, flaring emission from the Crab pulsar-wind nebula or other novae explosions, among others. Since some of these sources could also exhibit emission at larger time-scales, we additionally test their detectability at longer exposures. We finally discuss the multiwavelength synergies with other instruments and large astronomical facilities.
Safety and reliability of engineering systems are affected by uncertainties from four sources: (i) inherent variability in the physical variables, (ii) modeling errors, (iii) estimation errors and (iv) human errors. I...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)1563478234
Safety and reliability of engineering systems are affected by uncertainties from four sources: (i) inherent variability in the physical variables, (ii) modeling errors, (iii) estimation errors and (iv) human errors. In this paper, we investigate the second source, namely the effect of modeling uncertainties on the predictability and robustness of progressive failure response in composites. Modeling uncertainties exist in the homogenization models used for stiffness calculations, in micromechanics models used for calculating the ply or constituent level stresses, in the phenomenological and mechanistic failure criteria used for predicting failure, and in the models used to degrade ply properties after initial failure. This paper investigates the effects of different modeling uncertainties on the predictability and robustness of progressive failure response for different composite laminate designs. The interaction of model uncertainties with physical variability is also investigated. It is shown that reliability optimization for variability provides designs that have robust energy absorption when analyzed with model uncertainties but do not have a predictable failure sequence. To achieve a predictable failure sequence requires including model uncertainties along with variability in the reliability optimization.
暂无评论