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检索条件"机构=Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing"

共 449 条记录，以下是281-290 订阅

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Forward-backward sequential Monte Carlo smoothing for joint target detection and tracking

Forward-backward sequential Monte Carlo smoothing for joint ...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Daniel E. Clark Ba Tuong Vo Ba Ngu Vo Joint Research Institute in Signal & Image Processing School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University UK School of Electrical Electronic & Computer Engineering University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443804

The problem of jointly detecting whether a target is present in a scene and, if there is, estimating its state can be viewed as a multi-object estimation problem where there is a maximum of one target. This joint detection and estimation problem can be solved using a special case of the multi-object Bayes filter. In this paper we investigate the joint target detection and estimation problem with forward-backward smoothing and propose a sequential Monte Carlo implementation. Finite Set Statistics not only facilitates the development of appropriate joint detection and estimation filters, but also the direct extension of these filtering solutions to their related smoothing counterparts. Preliminary results indicate that using the smoothing has two distinct advantages over just using filtering: Firstly, we are able to more accurately identify the appearance and disappearance of a target in the scene and secondly, we can provide improved state estimates when the target exists.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods Smoothing methods Object detection Target tracking Nonlinear filters Filtering State estimation Layout Current measurement Delay estimation

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A Graph Approach to Dynamic Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) in Multi-Cell OFDMA Networks

A Graph Approach to Dynamic Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR)...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： R. Y. Chang Z. Tao J. Zhang C.-C. Kuo Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering and Signal and Image Processing Institute University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Inc. Cambridge MA USA

A graph-based framework for dynamic fractional frequency reuse (FFR) in multi-cell OFDMA networks is proposed in this work. FFR is a promising resource allocation technique that can effectively mitigate inter-cell interference (ICI) in OFDMA networks. The proposed scheme enhances the conventional FFR by enabling adaptive spectral sharing per cell load conditions. Such adaptation has significant benefits in a practical environment where traffic load in different cells may be asymmetric and time-varying. The dynamic feature is accomplished via a graph approach in which the resource allocation problem is translated to a graph coloring problem. Specifically, in order to incorporate various versions of FFR in our framework, we construct a graph that matches the specific version of FFR and then color the graph using the corresponding graph algorithm. The performance improvement enabled by the proposed dynamic FFR scheme is further demonstrated by computer simulation for a 19-cell network with asymmetric cell load. For instance, the proposed dynamic FFR scheme can achieve a 12% and 33% gain in cell throughput and service rate over conventional FFR, and render a 70% and 107% gain in cell throughput and service rate with respect to the reuse-3 system.

关键词： Interference Resource management Throughput USA Councils Telecommunication traffic Radio spectrum management Frequency conversion WiMAX Communications Society signal processing

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Hybrid ARQ with Rate Adaptation in Multiband OFDM UWB Systems

Hybrid ARQ with Rate Adaptation in Multiband OFDM UWB System...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： C.-X. Wang H.-G. Ryu H.-H. Chen Y. He Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing School of EPS Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK Department of Electronic Engineering Chungbuk National University Chungbuk South Korea Department of Engineering Science National Cheng Kung University Taiwan College of Information Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China

In this paper, we propose a cross-layer design (CLD) scheme combining rate adaptation and four types of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) for multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) ultra wideband (UWB) systems following the ECMA-368 standard. The time varying property is incorporated into standard UWB channel models for the purpose of investigating rate adaptation. To accurately accommodate fast time-varying channel conditions, we propose to embed the selected rate information into the acknowledgement (ACK) frames. It is shown that the proposed CLD scheme combining rate adaptation and HARQ can provide higher throughput than the HARQ-only schemes. Among the four types of HARQ schemes, HARQ Type-III has the best throughput performance while Type I has the worst.

关键词： Automatic repeat request Cross layer design Physical layer Throughput Error correction Helium Ultra wideband technology Time-varying channels OFDM modulation Bandwidth

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Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition Based on a DBN Model with Constrained Asynchrony

Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition Based on a DBN Model with C...

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International Conference on image and Graphics (ICIG)

作者： Danqi Chen Dongmei Jiang Ilse Ravyse Hichem Sahli VUB-NPU Joint Research Group Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory on Speech Image and Information Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China Institute of Broadband Technology (IBBT) ETRO Department VUB-NPU Joint Research Group on AVSP Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium

This paper presents an audio visual multi-stream DBN model (Asy_DBN) for emotion recognition with constraint asynchrony, in which audio state and visual state transit individually in their corresponding stream but the transition is constrained by the allowed maximum audio visual asynchrony. Emotion recognition experiments of Asy_DBN with different asynchrony constraints are carried out on an audio visual speech database of four emotions, and compared with the single stream HMM, state synchronous HMM (Syn_HMM) and state synchronous DBN model, as well the state asynchronous DBN model without asynchrony constraint. Results show that by setting the appropriate maximum asynchrony constraint between audio and visual streams, the proposed audio visual asynchronous DBN model gets the highest emotion recognition performance, with an improvement of 15% over Syn_HMM.

关键词： Emotion recognition Hidden Markov models Streaming media Face recognition Speech recognition Humans Bayesian methods Video sequences Face detection Graphics

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A layered approach to robust lane detection at night

A layered approach to robust lane detection at night

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IEEE Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Vehicles and Vehicular Systems, CIVVS

作者： Amol Borkar Monson Hayes Mark T. Smith Sharathchandra Pankanti Center of Signal and Image Processing (CSIP) Georgia Institute of Technology USA Department of Communication Systems KTH Swedish Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Exploratory Computer Vision Group (ECVG) IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center USA

A layered approach is designed to address many of the real-world problems that an inexpensive lane detection system would encounter. A region of interest is first extracted from the image followed by an enhancement procedure to manipulate the shape of the lane markers. The extracted region is then converted to binary using an adaptive threshold. A model based line detection system hypothesizes lane position. Finally, an iterated matched filtering scheme estimates the final lane position. The developed system shows good performance when tested on real-world data that contains fluctuating illumination and a variety of traffic conditions.

关键词： Robustness image edge detection Cameras image converters Lighting Road accidents Automobiles Pixel Road transportation image segmentation

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Manifold Analysis for Subject Independent Dynamic Emotion Recognition in Video Sequences

Manifold Analysis for Subject Independent Dynamic Emotion Re...

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International Conference on image and Graphics (ICIG)

作者： Fan Ping Jiang Dongmei Wang Fengna Ravyse Ilse Sahli Hichem Interdisciplinary Institute of Broadband Technology (IBBT) ETRO Department Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi CN VUB-NPU Joint Research Group on Audio Visual Signal Processing ETRO Department Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory on Speech Image and Information Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Brussel BE

This paper proposes subject independent manifold features for dynamic emotion recognition. Facial action features, based on FACs, are firstly embedded into a low-dimensional manifold space using the ISOMAP algorithm, then the manifold features from different subjects are aligned into a global coordinate space by the supervised ISOMAP algorithm for recognition. To validate and evaluate the proposed manifold representation for emotion recognition, experiments with GMMs are presented. Given a new expression sequence, and tracked facial features, we are able to pin-point the actual occurrence of specific expressions, while characterizing its intensity by considering different expression temporal transition characteristics. Finally, experimental results show that our approach is able to separate different expressions successfully.

关键词： Emotion recognition Video sequences Feature extraction Principal component analysis Facial features Eyes Mouth Linear discriminant analysis Humans Graphics

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Mobile 3D television: Development of core technological elements and user-centered evaluation methods toward an optimized system

Mobile 3D television: Development of core technological elem...

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Multimedia on Mobile Devices 2009

作者： Gotchev, Atanas Smolic, Aljoscha Jumisko-Pyykkö, Satu Strohmeier, Dominik Akar, Gozde Bozdagi Merkle, Philipp Daskalov, Nikolai Dept. of Signal Processing Tampere University of Technology P. O. Box 553 FI-33101 Tampere Finland Dept. of Image Processing Fraunhofer HHI Einsteinufer 37 10587 Berlin Germany Unit of Human-Centered Technology Tampere University of Technology P.O.Box 589 33101 Tampere Finland Institute for Media Technology Ilmenau University of Technology PF 10 05 65 98684 Ilmenau Germany Multimedia Research Group Middle East Technical University Balgat Ankara 06531 Turkey Multi-Media Solutions Ltd. Tyntiava 15 Sofia Bulgaria

A European consortium of six partners has been developing core technological components of a mobile 3D television system over DVB-H channel. In this overview paper, we present our current results on developing optimal methods for stereo-video content creation, coding and transmission and emphasize their significance for the power-constrained mobile platform, equipped with auto-stereoscopic display. We address the user requirements by applying modern user-centered approaches taking into account different user groups and usage contexts in contrast to the laboratory assessment methods which, though standardized, offer limited applicability to real applications. To this end, we have been aiming at developing a methodological framework for the whole system development process. One of our goals has been to further develop the user-centered approach towards experienced quality of critical system components. In this paper, we classify different research methods and technological solutions analyzing their pros and constraints. Based on this analysis we present the user-centered methodological framework being used throughout the whole development process of the system and aimed at achieving the best performance and quality appealing to the end user. © 2009 SPIE-IS&T.

关键词： Television systems

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Ergodic Capacity of Block-Fading Gaussian Broadcast and Multi-access Channels for Single-User-Selection and Constant-Power

Ergodic Capacity of Block-Fading Gaussian Broadcast and Mult...

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European signal processing conference

作者： Mohammad Shaqfeh Norbert Goertz John Thompson Department of Electrical Engineering Texas A&M University in Qatar P.O.Box 23874 Education City Doha Qatar Institute of Communications and Radio-Frequency Engineering Vienna University of Technology Gusshausstrasse 25/389 A-1040 Wien Austria Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal & Image Processing School of Engineering and Electronics The University of Edinburgh Mayfield Rd. Edinburgh EH9 3JL Scotland UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781617388767

We consider the ergodic capacity region of block-fading Gaussian multiuser channels with channel-state information at both the transmitters and the receivers. We assume a single constraint on the total long-term average power used for both broadcast and multiaccess channels. In addition to the optimal solution known from the literature, we provide analytic expressions - some of which are novel - to characterize the boundary surface of the capacity region under auxiliary constraints which include single-user-selection per block, constant total transmit-power per block and the combination of both. We also provide optimal resource allocation schemes to achieve the capacity limits for each case under consideration. Moreover, we provide numerical examples to compare the cases. As an illustrative example, we analyze the two-user case, although the results carry over to the M-user case.

关键词： multiple access capacity region Channel state information constant power Gauss optimal solution Resource utilization multiuser channels Receivers

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Practical successive interference cancellation in the binary-input Gaussian multiple-access channel 7

Practical successive interference cancellation in the binary...

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7th International ITG Conference on Source and Channel Coding, SCC 2008

作者： Xu, Xiaoyan Goertz, Norbert Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783800730773

In the multiple access channel, successive interference cancellation (SIC) can be used to achieve the boundary points of the capacity region. In this paper, we investigate the practical potential of SIC by employing a set of practical moderate-blocksize Low-Density Parity-Check codes in the Multiple Access additive white Gaussian noise channel;in particular we consider binary modulation. The theoretically achievable points in the capacity region are compared with the practically achievable operating points at a low bit-error rate. It is shown that SIC makes available a higher transmission rate compared with simple separate detection that treats the signal of the other user as noise. This statement is also true for the use of binary modulation and a practical efficient implementation with channel codes of moderate blocksize.

关键词： Bit error rate

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Regularized dictionary learning for sparse approximation

Regularized dictionary learning for sparse approximation

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16th European signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2008

作者： Yaghoobi, M. Blumensath, T. Davies, M. Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh United Kingdom

Sparse signal models approximate signals using a small number of elements from a large set of vectors, called a dictionary. The success of such methods relies on the dictionary fitting the signal structure. Therefore, the dictionary has to be designed to fit the signal class of interest. This paper uses a general formulation that allows the dictionary to be learned form the data with some a priori information about the dictionary. In this formulation a universal cost function is proposed and practical algorithms are presented to minimize this cost under different constraints on the dictionary. The proposed methods are compared with previous approaches using synthetic and real data. Simulations highlight the advantages of the proposed methods over other currently available dictionary learning strategies. copyright by EURASIP.

关键词： Cost functions

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