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Novel optical switch and four-to-one data selector utilizing an MIM waveguide structure based on surface plasmon polaritons

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MEASUREMENT 2025年 241卷

作者： Zun, Jun Wu, Zhongbo Fu, Deli Lu, Guangjun Hu, Hongjun Guangxi Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Guangxi Key Lab Brain inspired Comp & Intelligent Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sch Integrated Circuits Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Suzhou Univ Sci & Technol Sch Chem & Life Sci Key Lab Adv Electrode Mat Novel Solar Cells Petr & Suzhou 215009 Jiangsu Peoples R China Ningde Normal Univ Coll Informat Engn Ningde 352100 Peoples R China

In pursuit of high-performance optoelectronic devices, we proposes a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide structure based on Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs). The structure comprises a main waveguide with metal baffle (MWMB) and an elliptical coupling cavity. Through near-field coupling, numerical simulations using the finite element method are employed to investigate the electromagnetic characteristics and transmission performance of this structure. Leveraging the properties of the MIM waveguide, the structure is capable of producing three Fano resonances, A Lorenz peak, and a band-stop filter with a bandwidth of 144 nm. Theoretically, by adjusting the power of the incident light, dynamic tuning of the transmission spectrum can be achieved, thereby enabling switch effects. At wavelengths of 822 nm, 1278 nm, and 1434 nm, an input power of 1 W/m corresponds to the "off" state, while an input signal of 4.125GW/m indicates the "on" state, allowing the structure to be utilized for three-way switch design. The modulation depth of this structure is 98.67 %, ERmax is 18.75 dB, and ILmin is 0.315 dB. Furthermore, this structure can also function as a quadruple choice data selector. By adjusting the incident optical power, the band-stop filter and resonance peaks can be tuned. Four selection modes are provided at 1278 nm and 1458 nm for incident powers of 1 W/m, 83.5 GW/m, 112.75 GW/m, and 4.125 GW/m corresponding to outputs of 00 state, 01 state, 10 state, and 11 state, respectively. In summary, the present structure provides new ideas for optical switch and quadruple choice data selector in the near-infrared band.

关键词： Optical switch Quadruple choice data selector MIM waveguide structure Surface plasmon polaritons

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Dynamic Resistance Loading Technology-Based Metasurface Design With Co-Regulated Band-Notch Frequency of Radiation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 2025年

作者： Li, Pan Feng, Yunfei Qu, Meijun Su, Jianxun Yang, Lixia Nayyeri, Vahid Anhui Univ Informat Mat & Intelligent Sensing Lab Anhui Prov Hefei 230601 Peoples R China Commun Univ China State Key Lab Media Convergence & Commun Beijing 100024 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Integrated Circuits Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Iran Univ Sci & Technol Sch Adv Technol Tehran *** Iran

For electromagnetic stealth against radar digital signal processing systems, real-time adjustable impedance of the platform is urgently needed under the guaranteed instantaneous tracking capability. In this study, a multifunctional metasurface (MMS) based on dynamic resistance loading (DRL) technology is proposed to dynamically modulate the scattering amplitude of a band-notch adjustable radiation array. Based on the theoretical analysis of the cooperation mechanism between the switchable band-notch and DRL frameworks, the lossy and lossless layers are separately designed to construct the MMS. A dual-linear polarized DRL absorber is generated by continuously transforming the forward voltage of the orthogonal p-i-n diodes on the lossy layer. Meanwhile, the reverse voltage changing of the varactor diode on the lossless layer results in an adjustable band-notch effect. After joint optimization between the 3-D dipole element and the MMS, an 8 x 4 radiation-stealth metasurface (RSMS) is then fabricated and measured. With the changing voltage of p-i-n diodes, the wideband radar cross section (RCS) amplitude regulation of dual-linear polarization has been proven to be greater than 15 dB. For a specific capacitance of the varactor diodes, the beam scanning angle of the RSMS is up to 45(degrees) at 4.6 GHz. The RSMS has realized instantaneous frequency switching of radiation under the premise of wideband tunable scattering control. The proposed design method provides an effective stealth scheme for digital signal processing radar system.

关键词： Absorption Impedance Radar cross-sections Metasurfaces Substrates Switches Loading Wideband Radar tracking Surface impedance Band-notch adjustable radiation array dynamic resistance loading (DRL) technology multifunctional metasurface (MMS) radiation-stealth metasurface (RSMS)

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Octopus-inspired multichannel tactile sensor for enhanced underwater material identification

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2025年 507卷

作者： Hao, Yutao Sun, Yanshuo Wen, Jing Gao, Xiaobo Wang, Yutong Zhu, Zhiyuan Wang, Zhong Lin Chen, Baodong Southwest Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chongqing Key Lab Nonlinear Circuits & Intelligent Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Inst Nanoenergy & Nanosyst Beijing 101400 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Nanosci & Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Shougang Grp Res Inst Technol Shougang Grp Beijing 100043 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol Key Lab High Temp Electromagnet Mat & Struct MOE Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA

The sustainable development of the ocean requires sensors capable of detecting objects in underwater or high humidity conditions. However, traditional sensors struggle in complex underwater environments due to signal attenuation, biofouling, and flow interference, which seriously affect their performance and reliability. Inspired by the tactile system of octopus suckers, we developed a tactile sensor that mimics the structure of octopus tentacle suckers, ingeniously harnessing triboelectric tactile receptors (TTRs) to emulate the mechanism of cephalopod-specific chemoreceptors (CRs), aiming to address the challenging problem of underwater object recognition. Additionally, the superhydrophobic treatment enhances the microstructure of the sensor surface, effectively mitigating environmental interference and improving underwater performance, leading to a 67 % increase in voltage output, a sensitivity of 0.195 V kPa-1, and a remarkable response time of 85 ms. Most importantly, we have constructed an underwater material identification system (UMIS) to achieve 98 % accuracy by integrating machine learning, which enables precise identification and quantitative sensing of underwater objects, and offering novel insights and directions for the intelligence and autonomy of underwater robots.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerators Bionic structure Underwater material identification Tactile sensing

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Interference-Aware AAV-TBS Coordinated NOMA: Joint User Scheduling, Power Allocation and Trajectory Design

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2025年 6卷 812-828页

作者： Zeng, Haiyong Zhang, Rui Zhu, Xu Jiang, Yufei Wei, Zhongxiang Zheng, Fu-Chun Guangxi Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sch Integrated Circuits Guangxi Key Lab Braininspired Comp & Intelligent C Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Educ Dept Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg Key Lab Integrated Circuits & Microsyst Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 150001 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen Key Lab AIoT Commun Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Guangdong Prov Key Lab Aerosp Commun & Networking Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 200070 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Shanghai Inst Intelligent Sci & Technol Shanghai 200070 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 211102 Peoples R China

We propose an autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV)-terrestrial base station (TBS) coordinated non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme where AAV as an air BS coordinates with TBS to serve the users at cell edge via coordinated multi-point, and investigate its resource allocation problem for interference management and system performance enhancement. With the proposed scheme, the interference links between TBS and AAV-served users are enabled to carry useful information, therefore, an enhanced degree of freedom is achieved, leading to a much higher sum-rate over the non-coordinated AAV-assisted NOMA systems where the interference of AAV-served users from TBS is extensively suppressed. Moreover, joint optimization of user scheduling, power allocation and AAV three-dimensional (3D) trajectory design is conducted to maximize the sum-rate of edge users while maintaining a high quality of service at cell-center users, with the consideration of imperfect channel estimation: a) A user scheduling principle dedicated for AAV-TBS coordinated NOMA systems is presented, based on which a two-step user scheduling and power allocation (USPA) algorithm is proposed, with the derivation of optimal power allocation solution;b) A joint USPA algorithm is proposed with closed-form results;c) Considering the line of sight (LoS) and non-LoS factors in the air to ground channel, the 3D trajectory of AAV is designed based on successive convex approximation. It achieves an enhanced system performance, while requiring a lower complexity than the former two-step algorithm.

关键词： NOMA Interference Resource management Trajectory Quality of service Three-dimensional displays Job shop scheduling System performance Computer architecture Autonomous aerial vehicle base station coordination non-orthogonal multiple access interference management resource allocation 3D trajectory design 3D trajectory design

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Rapid-Response and Low-Detection-Threshold Capacitive 3D Force Tactile Sensor Based on an Inverted Frustum Structure

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ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2025年第4期7卷 1462-1471页

作者： Lin, Lupeng Xu, Decheng Wei, Yingxin Wang, Jia Li, Shusong Xie, Ke Wang, Haonan Wang, Jinyu Yan, Zihao Li, Xianghui Shao, Yupeng Lin, Zihan Guo, Xiaohui Jilin Normal Univ Coll Informat Technol Siping 136000 Peoples R China Jilin Normal Univ Coll Math & Comp Siping 136000 Peoples R China Harbin Univ Haerbin 150086 Peoples R China Anhui Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Minist Educ Key Lab Intelligent Comp & Signal Proc Hefei 230601 Peoples R China

In the burgeoning field of electronic skin (e-skin) and wearable technology, the development of flexible and sensitive tactile sensors is of paramount importance. This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of a capacitive flexible tactile sensor with an inverted frustum structure, designed to address the limitations of existing sensors in terms of sensitivity, response speed, and durability. The sensor was developed using a combination of 3D-printing and layer-by-layer (LBL) techniques, leveraging the benefits of conductive silver adhesive and silicone rubber for enhanced performance. The fabrication process involved the use of COMSOL Multiphysics for simulation, followed by 3D printing of molds and curing of silicone rubber at specific temperatures to form the sensor components. Electrical conductivity was ensured through the application of conductive silver adhesive, and the assembly was finalized through vacuum drying. key findings from the study include the sensor's high sensitivity to both normal and tangential forces, with a sensitivity of 0.2 N-1 in the 0-4 N range and 0.11 N-1 from 4 to 15 N under normal force, and a rapid response time of 25 ms. The sensor also demonstrated excellent mechanical durability with a hysteresis error of 4.8% and maintained a stable performance across a wide temperature range, indicating its robustness and reliability. Furthermore, the sensor showed potential in applications such as human-computer interaction and binary encoding, highlighting its versatility. This study significantly contributes to the field by presenting a sensor with good sensitivity and rapid response, along with excellent mechanical durability and temperature stability. The findings pave the way for the development of advanced e-skin and wearable devices that can provide real-time monitoring and feedback in various applications.

关键词： electronic skin 3D printing flexible tactilesensor layer-by-layer COMSOL Multiphysics human-computer interaction binary encoding

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Robust Non-Negative Matrix Tri-Factorization with Dual Hyper-Graph Regularization

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BIG DATA MINING AND ANALYTICS 2025年第1期8卷 214-232页

作者： Yu, Jiyang Che, Hangjun Leung, Man-Fai Liu, Cheng Wu, Wenhui Yan, Zheng Southwest Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China Southwest Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chongqing 400715 Peoples R China Chongqing Key Lab Nonlinear Circuits & Intelligent Chongqing Peoples R China Anglia Ruskin Univ Fac Sci & Engn Sch Comp & Informat Sci Cambridge CB1 1PT England Shantou Univ Dept Comp Sci Shantou 515063 Peoples R China Shenzhen Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Australia Artificial Intelligence Inst Sydney 2007 Australia

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been an ideal tool for machine learning. Non-negative Matrix Tri-Factorization (NMTF) is a generalization of NMF that incorporates a third non-negative factorization matrix, and has shown impressive clustering performance by imposing simultaneous orthogonality constraints on both sample and feature spaces. However, the performance of NMTF dramatically degrades if the data are contaminated with noises and outliers. Furthermore, the high-order geometric information is rarely considered. In this paper, a Robust NMTF with Dual Hyper-graph regularization (namely RDHNMTF) is introduced. Firstly, to enhance the robustness of NMTF, an improvement is made by utilizing the l(2,1)-norm to evaluate the reconstruction error. Secondly, a dual hyper-graph is established to uncover the higher-order inherent information within sample space and feature spaces for clustering. Furthermore, an alternating iteration algorithm is devised, and its convergence is thoroughly analyzed. Additionally, computational complexity is analyzed among comparison algorithms. The effectiveness of RDHNMTF is verified by benchmarking against ten cuttina-edae alaorithms across seven datasets corrupted with four types of noise.

关键词： Noise Clustering algorithms Machine learning Big Data Benchmark testing Robustness Data mining Computational complexity Convergence Non-negative Matrix Tri-Factorization (NMTF) l(2,1)-norm dual hyper-graph regularization co-clustering

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Nanomembrane on Graphene: Delamination Dynamics and 3D Construction

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ACS NANO 2025年第1期19卷 331-344页

作者： Wu, Yue Zhang, Xinyuan Ma, Zhe Hong, Weida You, Chunyu Zhu, Hong Zong, Yang Hu, Yuhang Xu, Borui Huang, Gaoshan Di, Zengfeng Mei, Yongfeng Fudan Univ Dept Mat Sci Shanghai 200438 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Int Inst Intelligent Nanorobots & Nanosyst State Key Lab Surface Phys Shanghai 200438 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Yiwu Res Inst Yiwu 322000 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Microsyst & Informat Technol State Key Lab Mat Integrated Circuits Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Inst Optoelect Shanghai Frontiers Sci Res Base Intelligent Optoe Shanghai 200438 Peoples R China

Freestanding nanomembranes fabricated by lift-off technology have been widely utilized in microelectromechanical systems, soft electronics, and microrobotics. However, a conventional chemical etching strategy to eliminate nanomembrane adhesion often restricts material choice and compromises quality. Herein, we propose a nanomembrane-on-graphene strategy that leverages the weak van der Waals adhesion on graphene to achieve scalable and controllable release and 3D construction of nanomembranes. This fragile adhesion allows for precise delamination under stimulations, such as surface tension, thermal treatment, and mechanical bending. This strategy is compatible with various inorganic materials, including oxides, semiconductors, and metals, and allows for precise control of rolling and folding into 3D microstructures. Demonstrations include tubular microrobots with diverse locomotion and biodegradable nerve scaffolds based on facile delamination. Our nanomembrane-on-graphene strategy offers a versatile platform for the fabrication of functionalized microstructures.

关键词： graphene nanomembrane adhesion origami folding three-dimensional microstructure

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Band Alignment among CNTs with Varying Diameters and Schottky Barrier Fluctuations between CNTs and Metals: A First-Principles Study

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ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2025年第16期8卷 8088-8094页

作者： Tang, Yuanjun Zhang, Yang Zhu, Maguang Zhang, Tao Zhang, Fan Wang, Lei Zhao, Yuqing Zhu, Huiping Wu, Zhenping Liu, Fanyu Li, Bo Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Sci State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Sci & Technol Silicon Devices Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Nanjing 21002 Peoples R China Hunan Univ Sci & Technol Sch Phys & Elect Sci Hunan Prov Key Lab Intelligent Sensors & New Senso Xiangtan 411201 Peoples R China

In carbon nanotube thin film transistors (CNT-TFTs), the performance is significantly influenced by the fluctuation in the diameter of the CNTs in channel. In this work, first-principles calculations were employed to explore the fluctuations in the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum of CNTs with diameters ranging from 0.78 to 2.07 nm. Band alignment analysis reveals maximum offsets reach 0.54 eV for the valence band and 0.48 eV for the conduction band, with larger CNTs (diameters over 1.8 nm) exhibiting energy band fluctuations of less than 0.06 eV. Further analysis shows that the fluctuation in Schottky barrier height (SBH) is smaller between CNTs and Pd compared to CNTs and Ti. Atomistic simulations of Pd-CNT-Pd devices at -2 V demonstrate that the variation in on-state current between 1.49 and 2.04 nm CNTs is six times smaller than that between 1.02 and 1.49 nm CNTs. This indicates that inter-nanotube fluctuations in larger-diameter CNTs have a smaller impact on device current compared to fluctuations in smaller-diameter CNTs. These findings suggest that larger-diameter CNTs (greater than 1.8 nm) enhance the uniformity of electrical properties, presenting a promising approach to improving the reliability of CNT-based thin-film devices.

关键词： carbon nanotube inconsistent diameter bandalignment Schottky barrier first-principles calculations

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Toward 3-D AAV-Ground BS CoMP-NOMA Transmission: Optimal Resource Allocation and Trajectory Design

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IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2025年第8期12卷 9671-9686页

作者： Zeng, Haiyong Zhang, Rui Zhu, Xu Wei, Zhongxiang Jiang, Yufei Sun, Sumei Zheng, Fu-Chun Cao, Bin Guangxi Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sch Integrated Circuits Guangxi Key Lab Brain Inspired Comp & Intelligent Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Educ Dept Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Sch Integrated Circuits Guangxi Key Lab Brain Inspired Computing & Intelli Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Guangxi Normal Univ Educ Dept Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg Guilin 541001 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen Guangdong Prov Key Lab Aerosp Commun & Networking Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shenzhen 510855 Peoples R China Harbin Inst ofTechnol Shenzhen Key Lab AIoT Commun Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Shanghai Inst Intelligent Sci & Technol Shanghai 200070 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 200070 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 211102 Peoples R China Agcy Sci Technol & Res Inst Infocomm Res Dept Commun & Networks Singapore Singapore

In this article, we focus on the resource allocation and autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV) 3-D trajectory design for the AAV-ground base station (GBS) coordinated multipoint nonorthogonal multiple access (CoMP-NOMA) system to maximize the sum-rate of CoMP users while maintaining users' high Quality of Service requirements. The main contributions of this article are summarized as follows: 1) with the assistance of closed-form power allocation result, a generalized joint user scheduling and power allocation (G-USPA) algorithm is proposed to derive the optimal user scheduling solution;2) by revealing the monotone increasing relationship between the sum transmit power and the transmit rates of non-CoMP users, the optimal rate of each non-CoMP users turns out to be its inherent minimum required rate, consequently, the optimal transmit rates and power allocation of all users can also be derived;and 3) moreover, considering the Line of Sight (LoS) and non-LoS factors in the air-ground channel, the 3-D trajectory of AAV is designed based on successive convex approximation to provide a flexible user-centric service. The proposed G-USPA algorithm is compatible with the AAV trajectory design, which is optimized alternatively and can lead to fast convergence. Numerical results verify that the 3-D AAV-GBS CoMP-NOMA model and the G-USPA scheme have a superior performance in terms of total system sum rate and the sum rate of CoMP users over the non-CoMP AAV assisted nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems.

关键词： Autonomous aerial vehicles NOMA Resource management Trajectory Three-dimensional displays Interference Air to ground communication Quality of service Scheduling Internet of Things 3-D trajectory design air-ground (A2G) coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) resource allocation autonomous aerial vehicle (AAV)

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A Flexible-Integrated Multimodal Hydrogel-Based Sensing Patch

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-19页

作者： Wang, Peng Wang, Guoqing Sun, Guifen Bao, Chenchen Li, Yang Meng, Chuizhou Yao, Zhao Univ Jinan Sch Informat Sci & Engn Jinan 250022 Peoples R China Univ Jinan Sch Mech Engn Jinan 250022 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol Engn Res CtrMinist Educ Intelligent Rehabil Devic Sch Mech EngnHebei Key Lab Smart Sensing & Human State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300401 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Integrated Circuits Jinan 250101 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Coll Elect & Informat Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Fudan Univ State Key Lab Integrated Chips & Syst Shanghai 200433 Peoples R China

Sleep monitoring is an important part of health management because sleep quality is crucial for restoration of human health. However, current commercial products of polysomnography are cumbersome with connecting wires and state-of-the-art flexible sensors are still interferential for being attached to the body. Herein, we develop a flexible-integrated multimodal sensing patch based on hydrogel and its application in unconstraint sleep monitoring. The patch comprises a bottom hydrogel-based dual-mode pressure-temperature sensing layer and a top electrospun nanofiber-based non-contact detection layer as one integrated device. The hydrogel as core substrate exhibits strong toughness and water retention, and the multimodal sensing of temperature, pressure, and non-contact proximity is realized based on different sensing mechanisms with no crosstalk interference. The multimodal sensing function is verified in a simulated real-world scenario by a robotic hand grasping objects to validate its practicability. Multiple multimodal sensing patches integrated on different locations of a pillow are assembled for intelligent sleep monitoring. Versatile human-pillow interaction information as well as their evolution over time are acquired and analyzed by a one-dimensional convolutional neural network. Track of head movement and recognition of bad patterns that may lead to poor sleep are achieved, which provides a promising approach for sleep monitoring.

关键词： Multimodal sensing Proximity sensor Pressure sensor Temperature sensor Electrospun nanofibers

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