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Distributed Temperature Sensing Based on Chaotic Brillouin Scattering Power Measurement

IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第9期25卷 15968-15974页

作者： Xu, Jinglang Zhang, Jianzhong Li, Jian Ma, Zhe Liu, Shuangshuang Zhang, Yubo Wang, Zhikun Zhang, Mingjiang Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Taiyuan030024 China

A high-accuracy distributed temperature sensing scheme utilizing chaotic Brillouin scattering power (BSP) combined with the cross correlation measurement method was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed scheme employs the chaotic laser as the sensing signal, adopting the chaotic cross correlation positioning principle instead of the conventional optical time-domain reflection (OTDR) principle. Additionally, it combines a single-path ratio method to accurately demodulate the temperature. This positioning method uses the random amplitude characteristics of chaotic lasers in the time domain. It overcomes the limitation of pulsewidth on spatial resolution in distributed temperature sensing based on OTDR principles. And it resolves the trade-off between spatial resolution and sensing distance. Experimental results demonstrated that the spatial positioning accuracy was optimized from 5.0 to 0.43 m with a 50 ns pulsewidth modulation, achieving a sensing distance of up to 10 km. This scheme aims to achieve high spatial positioning accuracy while maintaining a long sensing distance. This is crucial for early fire warning and effective emergency response in long-distance fire monitoring applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Brillouin scattering

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A Novel Integrated Energy Management Strategy of Energy Storage system for a Pure Electric-Driven Mining Hydraulic Excavator

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第2期 465-481页

作者： Tao Qin Yunhua Li Long Quang Yu Yao Liman Yang School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing Tianma Intelligent Control Technology Co. Ltd. Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology

Using electric motors instead of diesel engines as the driving system for mining excavators can reduce the energy consumption and operating costs. However, pure electric-driven mining excavators are prone to unexpected power outages in mines because of drastic changes in load power, leading to significant fluctuations in the power demand of the grid, which in turn affects production. To solve the above problem, a pure electric-driven mining hydraulic excavator based on electric-motor-driven swing platform and hydraulic pumps was used as the research object. Moreover, supercapacitors and DC/DC converter, as the energy storage system(ESS) adjust the output power of the grid and recover the braking kinetic energy of the swing platform. Subsequently, a novel integrated energy management strategy for a DC bus voltage predictive controller based on the power feedforward of fuzzy rules is proposed to run mining excavators efficiently and reliably. Specifically, the working modes of the ESS are determined by the DC bus voltage and state of charge(SOC) of the supercapacitor. Next, the output power of the supercapacitor and the DC bus voltage were controlled by adjusting the charging and discharging currents of the DC/DC converter using a predictive controller and fuzzy rules. In addition, a digital prototype of the excavator was verified using an original machine test. The performance of the different strategies and driven systems were analyzed using digital prototypes. The results showed that, compared with traditional excavators with diesel engines, the operational cost of the developed excavators was reduced by 54.02%. Compared to pure electric-driven excavators without an ESS, the peak power of the grid for the developed excavators was reduced by 10%. This study designed an integrated energy management strategy for a pure electric mining excavator that can regulate the power output of the grid and maintain the stability of the bus voltage and SOC of the ESS.

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NO_(2) gas sensor with high selectivity and fast response based on Pt-loaded nanoporous GaN

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第4期32卷 964-972页

作者： Dan Han Xiaoru Liu Donghui Li Jiexu Shi Yu Wang Yuxuan Wang Hongtao Wang Shengbo Sang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Sensors&Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Integrated CircuitsTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Research Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan 030032China

In this work,we realized a room-temperature nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))gas sensor based on a platinum(Pt)-loaded nanoporous gallium nitride(NP-GaN)sensing material using the thermal reduction method and coreduction with the catalysis of *** gas sensor gained excellent sensitivity to NO_(2) at a concentration range of 200 ppm to 100 ppb,benefiting from the loading of Pt nanoparticles,and exhibited a short response time(22 s)and recovery time(170 s)to 100 ppm of NO_(2) at room temperature with excellent selectivity to NO_(2) compared with other *** phenomenon was attributed to the spillover effect and the synergic electronic interaction with semiconductor materials of Pt,which not only provided more electrons for the adsorption of NO_(2) molecules but also occupied effective sites,causing poor sites for other *** low detection limit of Pt/NP-GaN was 100 ppb,and the gas sensor still had a fast response 70 d after ***,the gas-sensing mechanism of the gas sensor was further elaborated to determine the reason leading to its improved *** significant spillover impact and oxygen dissociation of Pt provided advantages to its synergic electronic interaction with semiconductor materials,leading to the improvement of the gas properties of gas sensors.

关键词： nanoporous gallium nitride platinum nitrogen dioxide gas sensor

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A Novel Integrated Energy Management Strategy of Energy Storage system for a Pure Electric-Driven Mining Hydraulic Excavator

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition) 2025年第1期38卷 1-17页

作者： Qin, Tao Li, Yunhua Quang, Long Yao, Yu Yang, Liman School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Beijing Tianma Intelligent Control Technology Co. Ltd. Beijing101399 China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Tai Yuan030024 China

Using electric motors instead of diesel engines as the driving system for mining excavators can reduce the energy consumption and operating costs. However, pure electric-driven mining excavators are prone to unexpected power outages in mines because of drastic changes in load power, leading to significant fluctuations in the power demand of the grid, which in turn affects production. To solve the above problem, a pure electric-driven mining hydraulic excavator based on electric-motor-driven swing platform and hydraulic pumps was used as the research object. Moreover, supercapacitors and DC/DC converter, as the energy storage system (ESS) adjust the output power of the grid and recover the braking kinetic energy of the swing platform. Subsequently, a novel integrated energy management strategy for a DC bus voltage predictive controller based on the power feedforward of fuzzy rules is proposed to run mining excavators efficiently and reliably. Specifically, the working modes of the ESS are determined by the DC bus voltage and state of charge (SOC) of the supercapacitor. Next, the output power of the supercapacitor and the DC bus voltage were controlled by adjusting the charging and discharging currents of the DC/DC converter using a predictive controller and fuzzy rules. In addition, a digital prototype of the excavator was verified using an original machine test. The performance of the different strategies and driven systems were analyzed using digital prototypes. The results showed that, compared with traditional excavators with diesel engines, the operational cost of the developed excavators was reduced by 54.02%. Compared to pure electric-driven excavators without an ESS, the peak power of the grid for the developed excavators was reduced by 10%. This study designed an integrated energy management strategy for a pure electric mining excavator that can regulate the power output of the grid and maintain the stability of the bus voltage and SOC of the ESS. © The Auth

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Bandwidth enhancement and the flattening of a chaotic laser with a microring resonator

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Optics Express 2025年第9期33卷 19535-19545页

作者： Guo, Zhi-Yong Li, Jian-Cheng Qiao, Li-Jun Wei, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Ming-Jiang College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Physics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China

We propose and experimentally demonstrate what we believe to be a novel scheme for bandwidth enhancement and flattening of a chaotic laser with a microring resonator. By leveraging the multi-beam interference effect within the MRR, the multiple chaotic laser exhibited improved bandwidth and power spectrum flatness. With a feedback strength of 6 and a laser bias current of 11.8 mA, the chaotic laser with a power spectrum that extends to 22.65 GHz within -3 dB is experimentally achieved. Additionally, we investigated the impact of the different feedback strengths and bias currents on the bandwidth and flatness of the chaotic laser. Finally, we investigated the correlation between the two channels, which can produce single-channel chaotic lasers with correlations below 0.25 over a wide range. This method offers promising chaotic light sources for applications in chaotic distributed fiber optic sensing, secure communication, and chaotic LIDARs. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Bandwidth

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Designing high-Q Fano resonance structures for enhancing fluorescence in all-dielectric metasurfaces

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Optics letters 2025年第9期50卷 2930-2933页

作者： He, Shuai Wang, Zhiyuan Han, Bin Li, Shan Yao, Zhenyu Guo, Yulong Chen, Zhihui Wang, Yang Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan 030024 China Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Institute of Biotechnology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China

Highly sensitive fluorescence detection technology is crucial for biological sensing, imaging, and photonic technologies. The fluorescence enhancement effect with the same enhancement factor at multi-wavelengths is important for highly sensitive detection. However, achieving multi-wavelength fluorescence enhancement remains challenging. Here, we introduce an all-dielectric metasurface composed of symmetry-broken silicon nanocylinders integrated with graphene, which is designed to significantly enhance and dynamically modulate the fluorescence emission of a single quantum dot. By fine-tuning structural parameters and adjusting the graphene Fermi level, we achieve a tunable high-Q Fano resonance, leading to a nearly 4000-fold fluorescence enhancement. Structural parameter adjustments enable consistent fluorescence enhancement across different wavelengths. Furthermore, at specific wavelengths, fluorescence enhancement can be similarly adjusted. The proposed structure can greatly expand the design strategy of heterogeneous all-dielectric metasurfaces with the same enhancement factor at multi-wavelengths.

关键词： Biosensors Chemical vapor deposition Electron beam lithography Fano resonance Q factor Surface plasmon resonance

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Multi-pulse parallel demodulation for high-precision measurement in Raman-distributed optical fiber sensing

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年

作者： Xu, Yang Li, Jian Chai, Mingyuan Zhang, Mingjiang Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan030024 China Taiyuan University of Technology College of Physics Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030032 China

Raman distributed temperature sensors enables distributed measurement of temperature along the sensing fiber, which is widely used in production. Due to the limitation of the optical time-domain reflection principle, the temperature measurement accuracy of the sensors will be seriously affected when the length of the temperature variation region is shorter than the pulse width. In this work, the relationship between pulse width, fiber under test (FUT) length and FUT temperature is firstly studied. Then, a multi-pulse parallel demodulation scheme is proposed. The experiments depict that a temperature measurement accuracy is optimized from over 30°C to 1.55 °C with a 0.2 m temperature variation region over 5.6 km. The scheme is based on multi-pulse parallel measurements combined with numerical simulations to achieve equivalent short pulse measurements of the small-region temperature variation without changing the hardware structure of the sensors. This scheme reduces the hardware requirements of the sensors and avoids the problems of sensing distance reduction and signal-to-noise ratio deterioration caused by shortening the pulse width. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demodulation

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Development of a novel high-performance balanced homodyne detector

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lin, Hong Liu, Mengmeng Guo, Xiaomin Luo, Yue Wang, Qiqi Song, Zhijie Guo, Yanqiang Xiao, Liantuan Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education College of Physics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China College of Physics Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China

True random numbers are extracted through measurements of vacuum fluctuations in quantum state components. We propose an improved scheme utilizing an optimization-based simulation methodology to enhance the temporal resolution of quantum state detection and processing efficiency of vacuum fluctuation signals in continuous-variable quantum random number generators (CV-QRNGs), while simultaneously maximizing the entropy content of quantum noise sources. This work presents the first application of optimization simulation methodology to balanced homodyne detector (BHD) circuit design, with particular emphasis on improving high-frequency transmission characteristics. The design framework prioritizes system stability and S-parameter sensitivity to optimize both circuit architecture and critical component parameters. The AC amplifier circuit was implemented through ADS high-frequency simulations using two ABA-52563 RF amplifiers in a cascaded configuration, with circuit modeling performed on Rogers 4350 substrate optimized for high-frequency applications. This approach enabled the development of a switched-configuration BHD featuring: 1) 1.9 GHz bandwidth, 2) 41.5 dB signal-to-noise ratio at 1.75 GHz, 3) 30 dB common-mode rejection ratio at 100 MHz, and 4) frequency response flatness within ±1.5 dB across 1.3-1.7 GHz. Additionally, the Husimi function is employed for entropy analysis to reconstruct vacuum state phase-space distributions, validating the detector's quantum measurement fidelity. The implemented system demonstrates a collective generation rate of 20.0504 Gbps across four parallel channels, with all output streams successfully passing NIST SP 800-22 statistical testing requirements. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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High-spatial-resolution phase-chaos Brillouin optical correlation domain sensor: theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration

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Journal of Lightwave Technology 2025年

作者： Niu, Lintao Wang, Yahui Tian, Yixiu Ma, Jinglian Zhang, Mingjiang Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan030024 China Taiyuan University of Technology College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan030032 China

The predicaments of micro-scale gain motivation and its high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) extraction primarily restrict the practical measurement of a superior spatial resolution (SR) for stimulated Brillouin scattering sensors. A high-SNR phase-chaos laser Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (PCL-BOCDA) is introduced to breakthrough the physical bottlenecks. The fundamental principle of gain excitation scale based on PCL linewidth is proposed, and a novel SR evolvement model is constructed. The significant impact of edge effects on SR measurement is thoroughly analyzed, and this approach is theoretically capable of achieving higher SR benefiting from the narrower gain range and feebler accumulation noise. Experiments with different linewidth PCLs are conducted and the results are confirmed to the simulated ones. Ultimately, an SR of 4.8 mm with a relative error of 4.3% is achieved over a 1.14 km sensing distance, representing a tenfold improvement over previous results. This advancement provides a competent approach for high-SR sensors and their application. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Thickness Measurement of Single-Mode Fiber Coating Layer Based on Forward Brillouin Scattering

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yongqi Wang, Tao Liu, Yijia Liu, Li Zhang, Mingjiang Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Taiyuan030024 China Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Physics College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Taiyuan030024 China

The coating layer is essential for protecting and applying optical fibers. Nowadays, the thickness measurement of the coating layer relies on point measurement schemes such as the side-looking light distribution method and mechanical method. However, there are some problems with the above methods, such as the trade-off between resolution and field of view, the cutting of the measurement position and the long measurement time. To overcome these problems, we propose a new method based on forward Brillouin scattering, which measures the coating layer thickness of single-mode fibers. The physical properties of the transverse acoustic field involved in forward Brillouin scattering make it possible to measure the thickness of the fiber coating. The corresponding relationship between the transverse acoustic mode frequency and the diameter of the coating layer can be calculated. The coating layer thickness can be measured with high precision by measuring the frequency spectrum of forward Brillouin scattering corresponding to multiple transverse acoustic modes at a given temperature. In the verification experiment, three types of single-mode fibers coated with polyimide are used as the sensing fiber to measure the thickness of the coating layer at multiple temperatures. The experimental results show that the error in the coating layer thickness obtained is less than 0.05 μm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of non-destructive, high-precision monitoring of fiber coating thickness. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Acoustic field measurement

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