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第41届中国控制会议

作者： Fei-Fei Qian Nuo Xu Wan-Li Lyu Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and TechnologyAnhui University

ISBN: (数字)9789887581536

ISBN: (纸本)9781665482561

Interpolation technology has evolved into a powerful tool for reversible data hiding in the image processing ***,existing interpolated algorithms only have a trivial impact on image *** this paper,an innovative interpolation and matrix-based algorithm is proposed.A novel concept of the difference between interpolated pixels is represented to dramatically improve the visual quality of the image,which lays a solid foundation for the subsequent data hiding *** is growing evidence that the Tetris matrix plays a vital role in improving embedding *** is worth mentioning that our scheme can intensely resist different attacks of various *** experimental findings demonstrate that the effect of our proposed scheme is unprecedentedly perfect even though a higher capacity is embedded than with traditional steganography approaches.

关键词： Data hiding interpolation image processing

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Top-ambiguity samples matter: understanding why deep ensemble works in selective classification 23

Top-ambiguity samples matter: understanding why deep ensembl...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Qiang Ding Yixuan Cao Ping Luo Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

Selective classification allows a machine learning model to reject some hard inputs and thus improve the reliability of its predictions. In this area, the ensemble method is powerful in practice, but there has been no solid analysis on why the ensemble method works. Inspired by an interesting empirical result that the improvement of the ensemble largely comes from top-ambiguity samples where its member models diverge, we prove that, based on some assumptions, the ensemble has a lower selective risk than the member model for any coverage within a range. The proof is nontrivial since the selective risk is a non-convex function of the model prediction. The assumptions and the theoretical results are supported by systematic experiments on both computer vision and natural language processing tasks.

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OmniTracker: Unifying Object Tracking by Tracking-with-Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Junke Chen, Dongdong Wu, Zuxuan Luo, Chong Dai, Xiyang Yuan, Lu Jiang, Yu-Gang Shanghai Key Lab of Intell. Info. Processing School of CS Fudan University China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center on Intelligent Visual Computing China Microsoft Cloud + AI China Microsoft Research Asia China

Object tracking (OT) aims to estimate the positions of target objects in a video sequence. Depending on whether the initial states of target objects are specified by provided annotations in the first frame or the categories, OT could be classified as instance tracking (e.g., SOT and VOS) and category tracking (e.g., MOT, MOTS, and VIS) tasks. Combing the advantages of the best practices developed in both communities, we propose a novel tracking-with-detection paradigm, where tracking supplements appearance priors for detection and detection provides tracking with candidate bounding boxes for association. Equipped with such a design, a unified tracking model, OmniTracker, is further presented to resolve all the tracking tasks with a fully shared network architecture, model weights, and inference pipeline. Extensive experiments on 7 tracking datasets, including LaSOT, TrackingNet, DAVIS16-17, MOT17, MOTS20, and YTVIS19, demonstrate that OmniTracker achieves on-par or even better results than both task-specific and unified tracking models. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network architecture

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Suppress Content Shift: Better Diffusion Features via Off-the-Shelf Generation Techniques 38

Suppress Content Shift: Better Diffusion Features via Off-th...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Meng, Benyuan Xu, Qianqian Wang, Zitai Yang, Zhiyong Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering CAS China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China Peng Cheng Laboratory China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China

Diffusion models are powerful generative models, and this capability can also be applied to discrimination. The inner activations of a pre-trained diffusion model can serve as features for discriminative tasks, namely, diffusion feature. We discover that diffusion feature has been hindered by a hidden yet universal phenomenon that we call content shift. To be specific, there are content differences between features and the input image, such as the exact shape of a certain object. We locate the cause of content shift as one inherent characteristic of diffusion models, which suggests the broad existence of this phenomenon in diffusion feature. Further empirical study also indicates that its negative impact is not negligible even when content shift is not visually perceivable. Hence, we propose to suppress content shift to enhance the overall quality of diffusion features. Specifically, content shift is related to the information drift during the process of recovering an image from the noisy input, pointing out the possibility of turning off-the-shelf generation techniques into tools for content shift suppression. We further propose a practical guideline named GATE to efficiently evaluate the potential benefit of a technique and provide an implementation of our methodology. Despite the simplicity, the proposed approach has achieved superior results on various tasks and datasets, validating its potential as a generic booster for diffusion features. Our code is available at this url. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Adaptive Adversarial Patch Attack on Face Recognition Models

Adaptive Adversarial Patch Attack on Face Recognition Models

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IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)

作者： Bei Yan Jie Zhang Zheng Yuan Shiguang Shan Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Face recognition models have become widely used for identity authentication in scenarios such as cell phone unlocking and financial payment, but they are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Due to the realizability in the physical world, adversarial patch attack has emerged as a significant security threat. However, most existing adversarial patch attack methods focus on only one aspect of patch generation, such as patch location or shape. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel unified Adaptive Adversarial Patch (AAP) attack framework for targeted attack on face recognition models. Our method comprehensively considers various factors during patch generation, including location, shape, and number. Our approach adaptively selects patch location and number based on saliency map and clustering, while simultaneously deforming patch shape and optimizing perturbations. Extensive experiments under both white-box and black-box settings demonstrate that our proposed method achieves higher attack success rates compared to SOTA methods.

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Combat data shift in few-shot learning with knowledge graph

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 101-111页

作者： Yongchun ZHU Fuzhen ZHUANG Xiangliang ZHANG Zhiyuan QI Zhiping SHI Juan CAO Qing HE Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Institute of Computing TechnologyCASBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Xiamen Institute of Data Intelligence Xiamen 361021China Computer Science and Engineering University of Notre DameIN 46556USA University of California San Diego La JollaCA 92093USA College of Information Engineering&Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100089China

Many few-shot learning approaches have been designed under the meta-learning framework, which learns from a variety of learning tasks and generalizes to new tasks. These meta-learning approaches achieve the expected performance in the scenario where all samples are drawn from the same distributions (i.i.d. observations). However, in real-world applications, few-shot learning paradigm often suffers from data shift, i.e., samples in different tasks, even in the same task, could be drawn from various data distributions. Most existing few-shot learning approaches are not designed with the consideration of data shift, and thus show downgraded performance when data distribution shifts. However, it is non-trivial to address the data shift problem in few-shot learning, due to the limited number of labeled samples in each task. Targeting at addressing this problem, we propose a novel metric-based meta-learning framework to extract task-specific representations and task-shared representations with the help of knowledge graph. The data shift within/between tasks can thus be combated by the combination of task-shared and task-specific representations. The proposed model is evaluated on popular benchmarks and two constructed new challenging datasets. The evaluation results demonstrate its remarkable performance.

关键词： few-shot data shift knowledge graph

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Not All Diffusion Model Activations Have Been Evaluated as Discriminative Features 38

Not All Diffusion Model Activations Have Been Evaluated as D...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Meng, Benyuan Xu, Qianqian Wang, Zitai Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering CAS China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS China Peng Cheng Laboratory China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University China School of Computer Science and Tech. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management CAS China

Diffusion models are initially designed for image generation. Recent research shows that the internal signals within their backbones, named activations, can also serve as dense features for various discriminative tasks such as semantic segmentation. Given numerous activations, selecting a small yet effective subset poses a fundamental problem. To this end, the early study of this field performs a large-scale quantitative comparison of the discriminative ability of the activations. However, we find that many potential activations have not been evaluated, such as the queries and keys used to compute attention scores. Moreover, recent advancements in diffusion architectures bring many new activations, such as those within embedded ViT modules. Both combined, activation selection remains unresolved but overlooked. To tackle this issue, this paper takes a further step with a much broader range of activations evaluated. Considering the significant increase in activations, a full-scale quantitative comparison is no longer operational. Instead, we seek to understand the properties of these activations, such that the activations that are clearly inferior can be filtered out in advance via simple qualitative evaluation. After careful analysis, we discover three properties universal among diffusion models, enabling this study to go beyond specific models. On top of this, we present effective feature selection solutions for several popular diffusion models. Finally, the experiments across multiple discriminative tasks validate the superiority of our method over the SOTA competitors. Our code is available at this url. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Luban: Building Open-Ended Creative Agents via Autonomous Embodied Verification

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Yuxuan Peng, Shaohui Guo, Jiaming Huang, Di Zhang, Xishan Zhang, Rui Hao, Yifan Li, Ling Tian, Zikang Gao, Mingju Li, Yutai Gan, Yiming Liang, Shuai Zhang, Zihao Du, Zidong Guo, Qi Hu, Xing Chen, Yunji University of Science and Technology of China China State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology CAS China Cambricon Technologies China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Shanghai Innovation Center for Processor Technologies China Intelligent Software Research Center Institute of Software CAS China Institute of Computing Technology CAS China

Building open agents has always been the ultimate goal in AI research, and creative agents are the more enticing. Existing LLM agents excel at long-horizon tasks with well-defined goals (e.g., ‘mine diamonds’ in Minecraft). However, they encounter difficulties on creative tasks with open goals and abstract criteria due to the inability to bridge the gap between them, thus lacking feedback for self-improvement in solving the task. In this work, we introduce autonomous embodied verification techniques for agents to fill the gap, laying the groundwork for creative tasks. Specifically, we propose the Luban agent target creative building tasks in Minecraft, which equips with two-level autonomous embodied verification inspired by human design practices: (1) visual verification of 3D structural speculates, which comes from agent synthesized CAD modeling programs;(2) pragmatic verification of the creation by generating and verifying environment-relevant functionality programs based on the abstract criteria. Extensive multi-dimensional human studies and Elo ratings show that the Luban completes diverse creative building tasks in our proposed benchmark and outperforms other baselines (33% to 100%) in both visualization and pragmatism. Additional demos on the real-world robotic arm show the creation potential of the Luban in the physical world. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Computer aided design

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SPA: a graph spectral alignment perspective for domain adaptation 23

SPA: a graph spectral alignment perspective for domain adapt...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Zhiqing Xiao Haobo Wang Ying Jin Lei Feng Gang Chen Fei Huang Junbo Zhao College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University and Key Lab of Intelligent Computing based Big Data of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Software Technology Zhejiang University and Key Lab of Intelligent Computing based Big Data of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University CUHK-SenseTime Joint Lab The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Alibaba Group

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) is a pivotal form in machine learning to extend the in-domain model to the distinctive target domains where the data distributions differ. Most prior works focus on capturing the inter-domain transferability but largely overlook rich intra-domain structures, which empirically results in even worse discriminability. In this work, we introduce a novel graph SPectral Alignment (SPA) framework to tackle the tradeoff. The core of our method is briefly condensed as follows: (i)-by casting the DA problem to graph primitives, SPA composes a coarse graph alignment mechanism with a novel spectral regularizer towards aligning the domain graphs in eigenspaces; (ii)-we further develop a finegrained message propagation module — upon a novel neighbor-aware self-training mechanism — in order for enhanced discriminability in the target domain. On standardized benchmarks, the extensive experiments of SPA demonstrate that its performance has surpassed the existing cutting-edge DA methods. Coupled with dense model analysis, we conclude that our approach indeed possesses superior efficacy, robustness, discriminability, and transferability. Code and data are available at: https://***/CrownX/SPA.

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HealthEdge: A Machine Learning-Based Smart Healthcare Framework for Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes in an Integrated IoT, Edge, and cloud computing System

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Procedia Computer Science 2023年 220卷 331-338页

作者： Alain Hennebelle Huned Materwala Leila Ismail Independent Researcher Melbourne Australia Intelligent Distributed Computing and Systems (INDUCE) Research Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates National Water and Energy Center United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

Diabetes Mellitus has no permanent cure to date and is one of the leading causes of death globally. The alarming increase in diabetes calls for the need to take precautionary measures to avoid/predict the occurrence of diabetes. This paper proposes HealthEdge, a machine learning-based smart healthcare framework for type 2 diabetes prediction in an integrated IoT-edge-cloud computing system. Numerical experiments and comparative analysis were carried out between the two most used machine learning algorithms in the literature, Random Forest (RF) and Logistic Regression (LR), using two real-life diabetes datasets. The results show that RF predicts diabetes with 6% more accuracy on average compared to LR.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence (AI) cloud computing Diagnosis Digital Health Edge computing eHealth Internet of Things (IoT) Logisitic Regression Machine Learning Prognosis Random Forest Risk Factors Smart Connected Healthcare Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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