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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhou, Zishun Ma, Liping Liu, Xilong Cao, Zhiqiang Yu, Junzhi The Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Australian National University Canberra2601 Australia The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics BIC-ESAT College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Precise calibration is the basis for the vision-guided robot system to achieve high-precision operations. systems with multiple eyes (cameras) and multiple hands (robots) are particularly sensitive to calibration errors, such as micro-assembly systems. Most existing methods focus on the calibration of a single unit of the whole system, such as poses between hand and eye, or between two hands. These methods can be used to determine the relative pose between each unit, but the serialized incremental calibration strategy cannot avoid the problem of error accumulation in a large-scale system. Instead of focusing on a single unit, this paper models the multi-eye and multi-hand system calibration problem as a graph and proposes a method based on the minimum spanning tree and graph optimization. This method can automatically plan the serialized optimal calibration strategy in accordance with the system settings to get coarse calibration results initially. Then, with these initial values, the closed-loop constraints are introduced to carry out global optimization. Simulation experiments demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm under different noises and various hand-eye configurations. In addition, experiments on real robot systems are presented to further verify the proposed method. © 2023, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Multipurpose robots

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On Iterative Parameter Identification of FIR systems with Batched Possibly Incorrect Binary-Valued Observations

On Iterative Parameter Identification of FIR Systems with Ba...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Jian Guo Wenchao Xue Ting Wang Ji-Feng Zhang Yanjun Zhang Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing P. R. China State Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing P. R. China

This paper considers the problem of parameter identification for a binary output finite impulse response (FIR) system with measurement error, where the measurement error makes the binary measurement values take opposite values with a certain probability. First, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the parameters is given and an iterative algorithm with projection based on the Expectation-Maximization algorithm is presented to calculate the MLE. Furthermore, the necessary and sufficient condition for the likelihood function to have a unique maximum point is obtained. It is proved that the iterative estimation error converges to zero at an exponential rate under persistently excitation input conditions. Finally, some numerical simulation results based on a typical system show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Fully Robotized 3D Ultrasound Image Acquisition for Artery

Fully Robotized 3D Ultrasound Image Acquisition for Artery

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and automation (ICRA)

作者： Mingcong Chen Yuanrui Huang Jian Chen Tongxi Zhou Jiuan Chen Hongbin Liu State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation Chinese Academy of Sciences Hong Kong School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK

Current imaging of the artery relies primarily on computed tomography angiography (CTA), which requires contrast injections and exposure to radiation. In this paper, we present a method for fully autonomous artery 3D image acquisition using a linear ultrasound (US) probe and a 6 DoFs robot arm with a 3D camera. Robotic vessel acquisition can minimize tissue deformation and permit the reproduction of scans. Additionally, the robotic-based acquisition can provide more precise vessel position data that can be utilized for 3D reconstruction as a preoperative image. The first scanning point is determined by the 3D camera using a neural network for leg area estimation. A visual servo algorithm adjusts the in-plane motions using a cross-sectional vessel segmentation produced by a neural network with a UNet structure, while a US confidence map regulates the in-plane rotation. The robot is equipped with impedance control to maintain a constant and safe scan. Experiments on a leg phantom and a volunteer indicate that the robot can follow the vessel and modify its position to provide a sharper US image. The average error of phantom scanning in y-axis and z-axis are 0.2536mm and 0.2928mm, respectively, while the root means square error (RMSE) of contact force in the volunteer experiment is 0.2664N. In addition, a 3D vessel reconstruction demonstrates the possibility of robotic US acquisition as a preoperative image.

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ICSGD-Momentum: SGD Momentum Based on Inter-gradient Collision

ICSGD-Momentum: SGD Momentum Based on Inter-gradient Collisi...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Weidong Zou Weipeng Cao Yuanqing Xia Bineng Zhong Dachuan Li School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining & Security Guangxi Normal University Guilin China Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798331527471

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527488

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in fields like computer vision and natural language processing. A key component of DNN training is the optimizer. SGD-Momentum is popular in many DNN methodologies, such as ResNet and DenseNet, due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, its slow convergence rate limits its use. To overcome this, we introduce inter-gradient collision into SGD-Momentum, inspired by the elastic collision model in physics. This new method, called ICSGD-Momentum, aims to improve convergence. We provide theoretical proof of convergence and establish a regret bound for ICSGD-Momentum. Experiments on benchmarks including function optimization, CIFAR-100, ImageNet, Penn Treebank, COCO, and YCB-Video show that ICSGD-Momentum accelerates training and enhances the generalization performance of DNNs compared to optimizers like SGD-Momentum, Adam, Radam, Adabound, and AdaBelief.

关键词： Training Computer vision Artificial neural networks Benchmark testing Natural language processing Informatics Physics Optimization Convergence

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Development and initial experiments of an intelligent dual-arm mobile robot - Baymax-I

Development and initial experiments of an intelligent dual-a...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Real-Time Computing and Robotics, RCAR 2021

作者： Liu, Wei Wang, Haitao Wang, Rui Wen, Dayong Lu, Tao Wang, Shuo Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai200031 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665436786

This paper addresses the design and control of an intelligent dual-arm mobile robot named Baymax-I. The mechanism design of Baymax-I is based on modular concepts, which is mainly composed of three parts, including main body, dual-arms and a mobile chassis. The main body is designed as human-like structure, carrying multiple sensors. UR3 manipulators are adopted as two arms. Each manipulator has six degrees of freedom. A two-finger grip pawl is mounted on the end of each manipulator. A MIR mobile chassis drives the Baymax-I motion with high maneuverability. As for software systems, the robot is designed based on hierarchical structure. The bottom driving layer is used to perform specific movements. The middle layer is responsible for processing sensor data. The top layer is algorithm execution layer. In the end, three experiments including SLAM, pressing the elevator and opening the fridge are presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system design and control methods of the Baymax-I robot. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Design and Visual Servoing Control of a Hybrid Dual-Segment Flexible Neurosurgical Robot for Intraventricular Biopsy

Design and Visual Servoing Control of a Hybrid Dual-Segment ...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and automation (ICRA)

作者： Jian Chen Mingcong Chen Qingxiang Zhao Shuai Wang Yihe Wang Ying Xiao Jian Hu Danny Tat Ming Chan Kam Tong Leo Yeung David Yuen Chung Chan Hongbin Liu School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA) Beijing China Centre of AI and Robotics Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAIR-HKISI-CAS) HKSAR Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong HKSAR CAIR-HKISI-CAS HKSAR State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems CASIA Beijing China Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong HKSAR State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems CASIA Beijing China School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

Traditional rigid endoscopes have challenges in flexibly treating tumors located deep in the brain, and low operability and fixed viewing angles limit its development. This study introduces a novel dual-segment flexible robotic endoscope MicroNeuro, designed to perform biopsies with dexterous surgical manipulation deep in the brain. Taking into account the uncertainty of the control model, an image-based visual servoing with online robot Jacobian estimation has been implemented to enhance motion accuracy. Furthermore, the application of model predictive control with constraints significantly bolsters the flexible robot’s ability to adaptively track mobile objects and resist external interference. Experimental results underscore that the proposed control system enhances motion stability and precision. Phantom testing substantiates its considerable potential for deployment in neurosurgery.

关键词： Jacobian matrices Visualization Endoscopes Estimation Interference Predictive models Control systems

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Muscle Synergy Analysis Based on NMF for Lower Limb Motor Function Assessment

Muscle Synergy Analysis Based on NMF for Lower Limb Motor Fu...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics

作者： Kexin Xiang Weiqun Wang Zeng-Guang Hou Chutian Zhang Jiaxing Wang Weiguo Shi Yuze Jiao Tianyu Lin State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artifificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China CASIA-MUST Joint Laboratory of Intelligence Science and Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macao Macau Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China CASIA-MUST Joint Laboratory of Intelligence Science and Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481106

Accurate rehabilitation assessments are essential for designing effective rehabilitation methods and helping patients recover better. It's well known that commonly used scale assessment methods for neurorehabilitation suffer from the issue of subjectivity, thus investigation of objective assessment methods is very necessary. Muscle synergy analysis can be uesd to assess limb motor functions from the perspective of neuromuscular control. In this paper, a method for evaluation of human lower limb motor functions based on muscle synergy analysis is presented. Muscle synergy modules are designed using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of the subjects' lower limbs by non-negative matrix factorizations (NMF). By comparing the cosine similarities of these synergy modules, it can be seen that muscle synergies of healthy subjects and patients are significantly different, while they are similar among healthy subjects. Therefore, a reference synergy module (RSM) is designed by averaging the muscle synergy modules for healthy subjects, and the similarities can be calculated by comparing the synergy modules for healthy subjects or patients with the RSM. In the experiment carried out in this study, average similarities of the three synergy modules for healthy subjects are respectively 0.97166, 0.87368 and 0.84932, and on the other hand, the average similarities for the three synergy modules for patients are respectively 0.59979, 0.56426 and 0.69042. Therefore, the similarities for healthy subjects are much higher than those for SCI patients, which denotes that the similarity between an individual synergy module and the RSM can be used as an objective assessing index for evaluating patients' motor function.

关键词： Neuromuscular Biomimetics Stability criteria Muscles Electromyography Indexes Robots

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Brain-inspired bodily self-perception model for robot rubber hand illusion

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhao, Yuxuan Lu, Enmeng Zeng, Yi Brain-inspired Cognitive Intelligence Lab Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for Long-term Artificial Intelligence Beijing China

At the core of bodily self-consciousness is the perception of the ownership of one’s body. Recent efforts to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind the brain’s encoding of the self-body have led to various attempts to develop a unified theoretical framework to explain related behavioral and neurophysiological phenomena. A central question to be explained is how body illusions such as the rubber hand illusion actually occur. Despite the conceptual descriptions of the mechanisms of bodily self-consciousness and the possible relevant brain areas, the existing theoretical models still lack an explanation of the computational mechanisms by which the brain encodes the perception of one’s body and how our subjectively perceived body illusions can be generated by neural networks. Here we integrate the biological findings of bodily self-consciousness to propose a Brain-inspired bodily self-perception model, by which perceptions of bodily self can be autonomously constructed without any supervision signals. We successfully validated our computational model with six rubber hand illusion experiments and a disability experiment on platforms including a iCub humanoid robot and simulated environments. The experimental results show that our model can not only well replicate the behavioral and neural data of monkeys in biological experiments, but also reasonably explain the causes and results of the rubber hand illusion from the neuronal level due to advantages in biological interpretability, thus contributing to the revealing of the computational and neural mechanisms underlying the occurrence of the rubber hand illusion. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Rubber

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Social Force Embedded Mixed Graph Convolutional Network for Multi-class Trajectory Prediction

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Du, Quancheng Wang, Xiao Yin, Shouguo Li, Lingxi Ning, Huansheng The School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China The School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230031 China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University Purdue University IndianapolisIN46202 United States

Accurate prediction of agent motion trajectories is crucial for autonomous driving, contributing to the reduction of collision risks in human-vehicle interactions and ensuring ample response time for other traffic participants. Current research predominantly focuses on traditional deep learning methods, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs). These methods leverage relative distances to forecast the motion trajectories of a single class of agents. However, in complex traffic scenarios, the motion patterns of various types of traffic participants exhibit inherent randomness and uncertainty. Relying solely on relative distances may not adequately capture the nuanced interaction patterns between different classes of road users. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-class trajectory prediction method named the social force embedded mixed graph convolutional network (SFEM-GCN). The primary goal is to extract social interactions among agents more accurately. SFEM-GCN comprises three graph topologies: the semantic graph (SG), position graph (PG), and velocity graph (VG). These graphs encode various of social force relationships among different classes of agents in complex scenes. Specifically, SG utilizes one-hot encoding of agent-class information to guide the construction of graph adjacency matrices based on semantic information. PG and VG create adjacency matrices to capture motion interaction relationships between different classes agents. These graph structures are then integrated into a mixed graph, where learning is conducted using a spatio-temporal graph convolutional neural network (ST-GCNN). To further enhance prediction performance, we adopt temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) to generate the predicted trajectory with fewer parameters. Experimental results on publicly available datasets demonstrate that SFEM-GCN surpasses state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy and robustness. Copyright © 2024, The Authors.

关键词： Forecasting

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Data-Driven Control of Distributed Event-Triggered Network systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Xin Sun, Jian Wang, Gang Allgöwer, Frank Chen, Jie State Key Lab of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing401120 China Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70550 Germany Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China State Key Lab of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

The present paper deals with data-driven event-triggered control of a class of unknown discrete-time interconnected systems (a.k.a. network systems). To this end, we start by putting forth a novel distributed event-triggering transmission strategy based on periodic sampling, under which a model-based stability criterion for the closed-loop network system is derived, by leveraging a discrete-time looped-functional approach. Marrying the model-based criterion with a data-driven system representation recently developed in the literature, a purely data-driven stability criterion expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is established. Meanwhile, the data-driven stability criterion suggests a means for co-designing the event-triggering coefficient matrix and the feedback control gain matrix using only some offline collected state-input data. Finally, numerical results corroborate the efficacy of the proposed distributed data-driven ETS in cutting off data transmissions and the co-design procedure. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Linear matrix inequalities

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