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Segment-Adaptive Spread Spectrum Audio Watermarking Using NSGA-Ⅱ

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2021年第4期30卷 727-735页

作者： SU Zhaopin ZHANG Guofu ZHOU Xianxian LI Wangwang Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology Hefei University of Technology

In the field of robust audio watermarking,how to seek a good trade-off between robustness and imperceptibility is challenging. The existing studies use the same embedding parameter for each part of the audio signal, which ignores that different parts may have different requirements for embedding parameters. In this work, the constraints on imperceptibility are first ***, we present a segment multi-objective optimization model of the scaling parameter under the constrained Signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in Spread spectrum(SS)audio watermarking. Additionally, we adopt the Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ) to solve the proposed model. Finally, we compare our algorithm(called SS-SNR-NSGA-Ⅱ) with the existing methods. The experimental results show that the proposed SS-SNRNSGA-Ⅱ not only provides flexible choices for different application demands but also achieves more and better trade-offs between imperceptibility and robustness.

关键词： Spread spectrum audio watermarking Scaling parameter Segment Constrained SNR NSGA-Ⅱ

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A Multiple-Blockchains based Service Monitoring Framework in Edge-Cloud Computing 23

A Multiple-Blockchains based Service Monitoring Framework in...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 7th IEEE International Conference on data Science and Systems, 19th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 7th IEEE International Conference on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud and Big data Systems and Applications, HPCC-DSS-SmartCity-DependSys 2021

作者： Fu, Hang Wang, Puwei Li, Haoran Zhan, Ying Chen, Jinchuan Du, Xiaoyong Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang City550025 China School of Information Renmin University of China China Renmin University of China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing100872 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665494571

In the edge-cloud computing, the applications usually are delivered as services, each of which runs independently and can cooperate to construct the complicated applications. However, it is difficult to monitor the services in the decentralized edge-cloud environment since there usually does not exist the central authorization to guarantee trustiness of the service quality data collected. To address the trust issue, the blockchain techniques have been introduced to the service monitoring. Considering the services usually are distributed on the edge nodes, if we deploy only a blockchain on the edge nodes near to the services, it may have to support both the service registration and monitoring because of the loose-coupling principle. That would influence the performance, even would crash the edge nodes. In this paper, we propose a multiple-blockchains based framework, including a registration blockchain that focuses on the service registration and discovery, and a set of monitoring blockchains that focus on the service invocation and monitoring. The registration blockchain is deployed on the cloud nodes, and the monitoring blockchains are deployed on the edge nodes near to the services for collecting efficiently and precisely the service quality data. Based on the cross-chain technology, we design a cross-chain service discovery between the monitoring blockchain and the registration blockchain for finding the services the requesters need. Finally, we implement the registration and monitoring blockchains based on the blockchain platform Cosmos and conduct a set of experiments to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Authorization Cloud computing Smart cities Computer crashes Blockchains Monitoring

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knowledge Enhanced Coreference Resolution via Gated Attention

Knowledge Enhanced Coreference Resolution via Gated Attentio...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： He, Kai Mao, Bing Zhou, Xiangyu Li, Yufei Gong, Tieliang Li, Chen Wu, Jialun Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an China Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Coreference resolution aims at linking all mentions that refer to the same entity, which are widely adopted in many biomedical and bioinformatics tasks, such as biomedical knowledge graph construction and metabolic pathway integration. Many recent studies focus on improving neural model structures. However, we argue that a practical method that integrates commonsense knowledge can further improve coreference resolution performance, because commonsense delivers extra prior knowledge for reasoning and can enhance related representations, rather than naive mention-context occurrence modeling. In this work, we propose an effective method to integrate external commonsense knowledge into a neural coreference resolution model. Specially, a gated attention mechanism is employed in our method to leverage commonsense according to different contexts. By using ConceptNet as the knowledge base in three span-ranking backbone models, the models can yield significant performance gains on used datasets. We also achieve improvements in tasks of long-term mention detection and cross-sentence coreferences after incorporating knowledge. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Model structures

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Predicting ICU Pressure Injuries with Historical data: A Multivariate Time Series Approach

Predicting ICU Pressure Injuries with Historical Data: A Mul...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Lintai Cui Liuqi Jin Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data of the Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

Hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) is a se-rious healthcare problem for intensive care unit (ICU) patients, which significantly affects their quality of life and prognosis, and increases hospitalization time and medical expenses. The current prediction models cannot accurately predict the pressure injury (PI) in ICU wards, as these models usually only predict based on the patient's current physical condition and electronic health record data, resulting in poor recall and precision, which affects the prediction performance. To solve this problem, we applied the multivariate time series data of I CU patients from admission to discharge and established a PI prediction model for ICU patients by utilizing the bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (Bi-LSTM) model. Experiments on the MIMIC-III (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care) dataset show that the Bi-LSTM model has an F1 score of 0.24 and an AUC (Area Under Curve) value of 0.81, which are better than other models. This validates the effectiveness of the Bi-LSTM on the multivariate time series data to predict the occurrence of PI in ICU wards and assist nursing staff to allocate nursing resources more effectively.

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SGSH: Stimulate Large Language Models with Skeleton Heuristics for knowledge Base Question Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Shasha Liao, Lizi Zhang, Jing Wang, Yanling Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education China Singapore Management University Singapore Zhongguancun Laboratory China

knowledge base question generation (KBQG) aims to generate natural language questions from a set of triplet facts extracted from KB. Existing methods have significantly boosted the performance of KBQG via pre-trained language models (PLMs) thanks to the richly endowed semantic knowledge. With the advance of pre-training techniques, large language models (LLMs) (e.g., GPT-3.5) undoubtedly possess much more semantic knowledge. Therefore, how to effectively organize and exploit the abundant knowledge for KBQG becomes the focus of our study. In this work, we propose SGSH — a simple and effective framework to Stimulate GPT-3.5 with Skeleton Heuristics to enhance KBQG. The framework incorporates "skeleton heuristics", which provides more fine-grained guidance associated with each input to stimulate LLMs to generate optimal questions, encompassing essential elements like the question phrase and the auxiliary verb. More specifically, we devise an automatic data construction strategy leveraging ChatGPT to construct a skeleton training dataset, based on which we employ a soft prompting approach to train a BART model dedicated to generating the skeleton associated with each input. Subsequently, skeleton heuristics are encoded into the prompt to incentivize GPT-3.5 to generate desired questions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SGSH derives the new state-of-the-art performance on the KBQG tasks. The code is now available on Github1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Classification of Table Cells Based on LLM Prompts

Classification of Table Cells Based on LLM Prompts

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Mengjie Liu Chenyang Bu Shengxing Bai Bingbing Dong Xindong Wu Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9781665410205

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410212

Tables, as an important means of data storage, are widely used in spreadsheets, web tables, and PDFs. By integrating information from table data with knowledge re-trieved from an external knowledge base, and examining the correspondences between cell values in the table and instances in the knowledge base, we can extract knowledge from the table to augment and enrich the knowledge base. To achieve this goal, we first need to classify table cells based on their functions in the layout. Due to the diverse structures arising from the arrangements of rows and columns, as well as the complexity of content resulting from concise data storage, current automation techniques heavily rely on stylistic features of table cells, such as font or color. Moreover, these methods are rarely experimented with or validated on tables without style features. Recent literature indicates that large language models (LLMs) demonstrate an ability to understand the structure and content of tables in tasks such as table judgment reasoning. Even without extensive feature inputs or pre-training, LLMs still show comparable results to machine learning and deep learning in these tasks. Therefore, this paper attempts to apply LLMs to table cell classification without using other stylistic features. We have designed a 4-component prompt paradigm (Classification Definition, Instruction, Table, Com-pletion), representing respectively the classification definition, task instructions, table data, and result output. We conduct experiments on three datasets CIUS, SAUS, and DEEX for table cell classification with one-shot learning. Our experimental results show that with the assistance of LLMs, better results can be achieved without utilizing stylistic features.

关键词： Deep learning Image color analysis Large language models knowledge based systems Layout Memory One shot learning Benchmark testing Probability density function data mining

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DarkSAM: Fooling Segment Anything Model to Segment Nothing 38

DarkSAM: Fooling Segment Anything Model to Segment Nothing

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Zhou, Ziqi Song, Yufei Li, Minghui Hu, Shengshan Wang, Xianlong Zhang, Leo Yu Yao, Dezhong Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently gained much attention for its outstanding generalization to unseen data and tasks. Despite its promising prospect, the vulnerabilities of SAM, especially to universal adversarial perturbation (UAP) have not been thoroughly investigated yet. In this paper, we propose DarkSAM, the first prompt-free universal attack framework against SAM, including a semantic decoupling-based spatial attack and a texture distortion-based frequency attack. We first divide the output of SAM into foreground and background. Then, we design a shadow target strategy to obtain the semantic blueprint of the image as the attack target. DarkSAM is dedicated to fooling SAM by extracting and destroying crucial object features from images in both spatial and frequency domains. In the spatial domain, we disrupt the semantics of both the foreground and background in the image to confuse SAM. In the frequency domain, we further enhance the attack effectiveness by distorting the high-frequency components (i.e., texture information) of the image. Consequently, with a single UAP, DarkSAM renders SAM incapable of segmenting objects across diverse images with varying prompts. Experimental results on four datasets for SAM and its two variant models demonstrate the powerful attack capability and transferability of DarkSAM. Our codes are available at: https://***/CGCL-codes/DarkSAM. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Leverage Learning Behaviour data for Students' Learning Performance Prediction and Influence Factor Analysis

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第5期5卷 2422-2433页

作者： Ni, Qin Zhu, Yanjin Zhang, Lingying Lu, Xiaochen Zhang, Lei Shanghai International Studies University Key Laboratory of Multilingual Education with AI Shanghai201620 China Donghua University College of Information Science and Technology Shanghai201620 China Donghua University Engineering Research Center of Digitized Textile and Apparel Technology Ministry of Education Shanghai201620 China Shanghai Normal University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Education and Bigdata and Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking Shanghai200234 China

Online education has become increasingly significant for university students and faculty, especially in the context of the modern remote education landscape. However, the inherent space-time separation in online education can create communication delays between teachers and students, making it challenging to monitor students' behaviors effectively. In an effort to understand the connection between students' online engagement and their learning performance, data annotation has been implemented to address the issue of accurately representing students' learning behaviors. Taking the online teaching data of Shanghai Normal University platform as the research object, the primary online education problem is explored through data mining, which includes correlation analysis, Gini importance ranking, and principal component analysis (PCA). Then, constructing the learning performance prediction model using random forest (RF) based on PCA by comparing various machine learning algorithms. As a consequence, the most influential online learning behaviors are course duration time, document learning time, test average score, and video completion rate. The overall classification accuracy of the learning performance prediction model is 87.45%, and the highest prediction accuracy for a single category is 96.52%. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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Machine Learning is All You Need: A Simple Token-Based Approach for Effective Code Clone Detection 24

Machine Learning is All You Need: A Simple Token-Based Appro...

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44th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software engineering, ICSE 2024

作者： Feng, Siyue Suo, Wenqi Wu, Yueming Zou, Deqing Liu, Yang Jin, Hai Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Nanyang Technological University Singapore Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China Jinyinhu Laboratory Wuhan430074 China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Hust Wuhan430074 China School of Computer Science and Technology Hust Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400702174

As software engineering advances and the code demand rises, the prevalence of code clones has increased. This phenomenon poses risks like vulnerability propagation, underscoring the growing importance of code clone detection techniques. While numerous code clone detection methods have been proposed, they often fall short in real-world code environments. They either struggle to identify code clones effectively or demand substantial time and computational resources to handle complex clones. This paper introduces a code clone detection method namely Toma using tokens and machine learning. Specifically, we extract token type sequences and employ six similarity calculation methods to generate feature vectors. These vectors are then input into a trained machine learning model for classification. To evaluate the effectiveness and scalability of Toma, we conduct experiments on the widely used BigCloneBench dataset. Results show that our tool outperforms token-based code clone detectors and most tree-based clone detectors, demonstrating high effectiveness and significant time savings. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Machine learning

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Hybrid Parallel Inference for Large Model on Heterogeneous Clusters for High Throughput 29

Hybrid Parallel Inference for Large Model on Heterogeneous C...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Xu, Chaonong Kong, Weiming Liu, Min Zhang, Mingming Li, Chao Gong, Luqi Beijing Key Lab of Petroleum Data Mining Beijing China Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou China Bupt School of Computer Science National Pilot Software Engineering School Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

In high-throughput intelligent computing scenarios, multi-device parallelism strategies based on data parallelism or pipeline parallelism have been extensively utilized to accelerate large deep neural network model inference. data parallelism offers nearly linear improvement in inference speed, but it is limited by the memory capacity of a single device which constrains the model size. On the other hand, pipeline parallelism can support larger models, but the total communication of the activations among devices is high, which limits the improvement of the inference speed. To address the demand for efficient model inference in high-throughput heterogeneous scenarios, we proposes a hybrid parallelism strategy that combines data parallelism and pipeline parallelism. The strategy involves grouping heterogeneous device clusters and then employing inter-group data parallelism along with intra-group pipeline parallelism. Moreover, we propose an algorithm to find an optimal hybrid parallel inference strategy with maximum throughput. The control variables of the strategy includes the number of groups, group-device assignments and model partition ratios. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that compared to PipeEdge, a pipeline parallel inference framework for heterogeneous cluster, our strategy can achieve 1.7× -3.4× acceleration in an 8-device heterogeneous cluster without loss of accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： data parallelism heterogeneous cluster hybrid parallelism model inference pipeline parallelism

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