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Effects of long-term experimental warming on phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of four alpine plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第3期24卷 799-814页

作者： Gang Fu Guangyu Zhang Huakun Zhou Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station/Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology for Cold Region Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China

The effects of climatic warming on phyllosphere microbial communities remain *** this study,the effects of long-term(>10 years)experimental warming on phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of Carex alrofusca,Kobresia pygmaea,Potentilla bifurca and Stipa capillacea were examined in the northern ***,warming increased bacterial α-diversity,but reduced fungalα-diversity across the four host *** altered the bacterial and fungal community compositions mainly by increasing Actinobacteria,Firmicutes and pathotrophsaprotroph fungi,and reducing Basidiomycota and symbiotroph fungi across the four host *** increased the relative effect of the‘drift&others’process in the bacterial community,but reduced the relative effect of the‘dispersal limitation’process in the bacterial community and the relative effect of the‘homogeneous selection’process in the fungal community across the four host *** overall warming effects on the bacterial and fungal communities may be due to overall warming effects on temperature,leaf morphology structure and physicochemical properties,ecological processes of community assembly and topological parameters of species co-occurrence networks of bacteria and *** altered the bacterial species co-occurrence network mainly by increasing the vertex,clustering coefficient and heterogeneity,while reducing the average path length and network diameter across host *** altered the fungal species co-occurrence network mainly by increasing the network diameter and reducing the vertex across host *** effects on bacterial and fungal communities varied among host plants,which may be due to the diverse responses to warming of plant height,leaf malondialdehyde,ecological processes of community assembly and topological parameters of species co-occurrence ***,warming can alter phyllosphere epiphytic bacterial and fungal communities of alpine *** changes va

关键词： biodiversity phyllosphere microbes epiphytic microbes climate change alpine regions host plants

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Current status of coastal blue carbon assessment: Theory, methods,and carbon sequestration pathways

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第5期68卷 1403-1418页

作者： Jilong WANG Guirui YU Hu DING Tingting LIU Xiaogang CHEN Xinru ZHANG School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of Engineering Westlake University

Coastal wetlands possess significant carbon sequestration rates and storage capabilities. Clarifying the methods for evaluating coastal wetland carbon sinks and identifying existing issues are essential for accurately assessing coastal blue carbon,understanding the carbon balance between terrestrial-coastal-marine ecosystems, and advancing the “dual carbon” goal. This paper reviews the detailed processes of coastal wetland carbon cycling and summarizes the challenges and difficulties in defining, delineating, and identifying the boundaries of coastal wetlands. We generalize current carbon sink evaluation methods across different dimensions by constructing a “black box theory”. In addition, based on the “white box theory”, we propose a net ecosystem carbon balance model for carbon sink assessment, providing a theoretical foundation for enhancing the understanding of coastal wetland carbon sinks and optimizing the evaluation system for coastal blue carbon functionality. We also systematically summarize the current status of carbon sources and sinks in China's coastal wetlands and propose a technical framework for emission reduction and carbon sequestration enhancement through integrated management of coastal zones and wetlands and regulation of key wetland ecological processes, with the aim of increasing the potential of blue carbon in mitigating climate change. Finally, based on the current research gaps, we outline future research priorities for coastal wetland blue carbon.

关键词： Coastal wetlands Blue carbon Carbon sink assessment system Net ecosystem carbon balance Emission reduction and sink enhancement

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Spatial distribution of vegetation carbon stock among different organs over the Tibetan Plateau:on an intensive field survey

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Journal of Forestry Research 2025年第1期36卷 311-320页

作者： Weixiang Cai Nianpeng He Li Xu College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation) Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education School of EcologyNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101People’s Republic of China Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing’an Mountains Chinese Academy of SciencesDaxing’anling165200People’s Republic of China

Tibetan Plateau,as one of the most carbon intensive regions in China,is crucial in the carbon cycle,and accurately estimating its vegetation carbon density(C_(VEG))is essential for assessing regional and national carbon ***,the spatial distribution of regional C_(VEG) is not available remains highly uncertain due to lack of systematic research,especially for different ***,we investigated the spatial distribution patterns and driving factors of C_(VEG) among different plant organs(leaf,branch,trunk and root)by systematically field grid-sampling 2040 field-plots of plant communities over the Tibetan Plateau from 2019 to *** results showed that the carbon content of plant organs ranged from 255.53 to 515.58 g kg^(-1),with the highest in branches and the lowest in *** the different plant functional groups,the highest C_(VEG) was found in evergreen coniferous forests,and the lowest in desert grasslands,with an average C_(VEG) of 1603.98 g m^(-2).C_(VEG) increased spatially from northwest to southeast over the Tibetan Plateau,with MAP being the dominant ***,the total vegetation carbon stock on the Tibetan Plateau was estimated to be 1965.62 Tg for all vegetation *** on the comprehensive field survey dataset,the Random Forest model effectively predicted and mapped the spatial distribution of C_(VEG)(including aboveground,belowground,and the total biomass carbon density)over the Tibetan Plateau with notable accuracy(validation R2 values were 71%,56%,and 64%for C_(AGB),C_(BGB),and C_(VEG),respectively)at a spatial resolution of 1 km×1 *** findings can help improve the accuracy of regional carbon stock estimations and provide parameters for carbon cycle model optimization and remote sensing calibration in the future.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Vegetation Carbon density Carbon stock Machine learning

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Impact of residual antibiotics on microbial decomposition of livestock manures in Eutric Regosol:Implications for sustainable nutrient recycling and soil carbon sequestration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 498-511页

作者： Linfa Fang Prakash Lakshmanan Xiaoxuan Su Yujia Shi Zheng Chen Yu Zhang Wei Sun Junxi Wu Ran Xiao Xinping Chen Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic ImprovementSugarcane Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067QLDAustralia Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and National Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The land application of livestock manure has been widely acknowledged as a beneficial approach for nutrient recycling and environmental ***,the impact of residual antibiotics,a common contaminant of manure,on the degradation of organic compounds and nutrient release in Eutric Regosol is not well ***,we studied,how oxytetracycline(OTC)and ciprofloxacin(CIP)affect the decomposition,microbial community structure,extracellular enzyme activities and nutrient release from cattle and pig manure using litterbag incubation *** showed that OTC and CIP greatly inhibited livestock manure decomposition,causing a decreased rate of carbon(28%-87%),nitrogen(15%-44%)and phosphorus(26%-43%)*** relative abundance of gramnegative(G-)bacteria was reduced by 4.0%-13%while fungi increased by 7.0%-71%during a 28-day incubation ***-occurrence network analysis showed that antibiotic exposure disrupted microbial interactions,particularly among G-bacteria,G+bacteria,and *** changes in microbial community structure and function resulted in decreased activity of urease,β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase,alkaline protease,chitinase,and catalase,causing reduced decomposition and nutrient release in cattle and pig *** findings advance our understanding of decomposition and nutrient recycling from manure-contaminated antibiotics,which will help facilitate sustainable agricultural production and soil carbon sequestration.

关键词： Residual antibiotics Livestock manure decomposition Microbial community Co-occurrence network Enzyme activities

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Plant use of water across soil depths regulates species dominance under nitrogen addition

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Plant Diversity 2025年第3期47卷 479-488页

作者： Huang, Fu-Qiang Peñuelas, Josep Sardans, Jordi Collins, Scott L. Yu, Kai-Liang Liu, Man-Qiong Pei, Jiu-Ying Ke, Wen-Bin Ye, Jian-Sheng State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB Barcelona 08193 Spain CREAF Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona 08193 Spain Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque 87131 NM United States Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The primary mechanism driving plant species loss after nitrogen (N) addition has been often hypothesized to be asymmetric competition for light, resulting from increased aboveground biomass. However, it is largely unknown whether plants’ access to soil water at different depths would affect their responses, fate, and community composition under nitrogen addition. In a semiarid grassland exposed to 8-years of N addition, we measured plant aboveground biomass and diversity under four nitrogen addition rates (0, 4, 10, and 16 g m⁻² year⁻¹), and evaluated plant use of water across the soil profile using oxygen isotope. Aboveground biomass increased significantly, but diversity and shallow soil-water content decreased, with increasing rate of nitrogen addition. The water isotopic signature for both plant and soil water at the high N rate indicated that Leymus secalinus (a perennial grass) absorbed 7% more water from the subsurface soil layer (20–100 cm) compared to Elymus dahuricus (a perennial grass) and Artemisia annua (an annual forb). L. secalinus thus had a significantly larger biomass and was more abundant than the other two species at the high N rate but did not differ significantly from the other two species under ambient and the low N rate. Species that could use water from deeper soil layers became dominant when water in the shallow layers was insufficient to meet the demands of increased aboveground plant biomass. Our study highlights the importance of water across soil depths as key driver of plant growth and dominance in grasslands under N addition. © 2025 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences

关键词： Grassland Nitrogen enrichment Oxygen isotope Soil moisture Species richness

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Unraveling patterns and drivers of urban-rural gap in water consumption sufficiency and efficiency: Evidence from city-level China during 1990–2022

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Water Research 2025年 282卷 123737页

作者： Liu, Menghang Fang, Chuanglin Bai, Yu Liu, Zhitao Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Rapid economic growth is generally accompanied by urban-rural inequality, with much attention focused on its appearance like urban-rural income gap, while the underlying causes remain underexplored. Water is an indispensable element of economic growth, and its disproportionate allocation is a major contributor to exacerbating this gap. Here, we evaluate the spatiotemporal dynamics of urban-rural water consumption (WC) gap across 356 Chinese cities during 1990–2022, and employ piecewise structural equation model to explore the effects of economic growth from the aspects of population, land, and industry. Results show that urban-rural gap in WC sufficiency increases, particularly in megacities like Shenzhen and Shanghai, largely resulting from rural-to-urban water reallocation. In contrast, urban-rural gap in WC efficiency generally decreases over time. Population growth and demographic urbanization show greater effects on urban-rural WC, highlighting the subjective role of people in shaping urban-rural territorial systems. Additionally, heterogeneity analyses across four major regions help to provide tailored guidance according to local conditions. The exploration of urban-rural WC gap in China could provide valuable insights for optimizing water resources allocation and promoting urban-rural integrated development in the rapidly urbanizing world. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Urban growth

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Biochar reduces N2O emission from fertilized cropland soils: a meta-analysis

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Carbon Research 2025年第1期4卷 1-14页

作者： Zhong, Lei Wang, Ping Gu, Zhibin Song, Yufeng Cai, Xiaoxian Yu, Guanqi Xu, Xingliang Kuzyakov, Yakov School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yanqi Lake Huairou District Beijing101408 China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of Goettingen Göttingen37077 Germany Moscow117198 Russia Institute of Environmental Sciences Kazan Federal University Kazan420049 Russia

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil are an important contributor to global warming, particularly from intensively fertilized croplands. Biochar is commonly applied to reduce N2O emissions and raise soil fertility by regulating soil structure, microbial processes, and crop nitrogen use efficiency. However, the effects of biochar on N2O emissions from fertilized croplands depend on its sources and production conditions, including feedstocks, pyrolysis temperatures, properties and application rates. To generalize findings from individual studies, we synthesized 550 observations that simultaneously measured N2O emissions, nitrification enzyme activity (NEA), denitrification enzyme activity (DEA), and relevant functional genes (AOA, AOB, narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) to assess their responses to biochar production conditions, properties and application rates across cropland ecosystems. Wheat straw biochar increased the abundances of all functional genes related to N2O emissions and DEA, while pyrolysis temperatures exceeding 450 ℃ decreased DEA. Low-temperature pyrolysis biochar was particularly effective in reducing N2O emissions. The abundance of denitrifiers and DEA-related genes increased with the pH, ash content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of biochar. As biochar application rates increased, N2O emissions were reduced, largely due to an increase in nosZ gene abundance and soil pH. A common biochar application rate of 20 t ha−1 decreased N2O emissions by 19%, primarily through reduced denitrification, while 50 t ha−1 reduced N2O emissions by 48%. Biochar preparation conditions, and property changes had no significant effects on N2O emissions at application rates below 20 t ha−1. When application rates exceeded 20 t ha−1, biochar pyrolysis temperature and properties influenced N2O emissions, indicating a threshold application rate, beyond which biochar affects N2O emissions. Biochar regulates the soil N cycle and N2O emissions primarily through denitrificatio

关键词： Fertilizers

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Deep soil carbon pool responses to climate change in the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2025年第4期70卷 504-507页

作者： Guangyao Gao Binbin Li Karl J.Niklas Yuanyuan Huang Mingxiang Xu Guobin Liu Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Xi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shaanxi Yan'an Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Beijing 100085China

Soil carbon(C)reservoirs,encompassing both organic(SOC)and inorganic(SIC)forms,represent the largest terrestrial carbon sink,surpassing the carbon stored in vegetation and the atmosphere combined[1].In light of the pressing concerns surrounding global warming and its cascading effects on climate dynamics,the scientific community has devoted significant attention to delineating the quantity,typology,and spatial distribution of soil C[2],[3].While research efforts have predominantly concentrated on SOC,given its substantial contribution to soil C content compared with SIC,it is important to recognize that SIC also plays a significant role,particularly in deeper soil horizons[4].Notably,in arid and semi-arid regions,which encompass approximately 41%of the Earth’s terrestrial surface,SIC is the dominant form of soil C[5],[6],with SIC pools in both top and deep soils exceeding SOC by factors ranging from 2 to 10[7].Consequently,there is a critical imperative to accurately quantify both SOC and SIC stocks across various soil depths in these water-limited regions[7].

关键词： soil carbon Plateau

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Provincial anthropogenic emission inventory of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in China from 2015 to 2021

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第5期35卷 923-945页

作者： JIANG Yunhao CHEN Bin WANG Shaoqiang LI Tingyu CHEN Shiliang WANG Lunche WANG Lizhe School of Future Technology China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of Geosciences Engineering Technology Innovation Center for Intelligent Monitoring and Spatial Regulation of Land Carbon Sinks Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCAS State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing China University of Geosciences

Carbonyl sulfide （COS） is an effective tracer for estimating Gross Primary Productivity （GPP） in the carbon *** the largest contribution to the atmosphere,anthropogenic COS emissions must be accurately *** this study,an anthropogenic COS emission inventory from 2015 to 2021 was constructed by applying the bottom-up approach based on activity data from emission ***’s anthropogenic COS emissions increased from approximately 171 to 198 Gg S yr-1from 2015–2021,differing from the trends of other *** an initial decline in COS emissions across sectors during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic,a rapid rebound in emissions occurred following the resumption of economic *** 2021,industrial sources,coal combustion,agriculture and vehicle exhaust accounted for 76.8%,12.3%,10.5%and 0.4%of total COS emissions,*** aluminum industry was the primary COS emitter among industrial sources,contributing40.7%of total ***,Shanxi,and Zhejiang were the top three provinces in terms of anthropogenic COS emissions,reaching 39,21 and 17 Gg S yr-1,***-level regions （hereafter province） with high COS emissions are observed mainly in the eastern and coastal regions of China,which,together with the wind direction,helps explain the pattern of high COS concentrations in the Western Pacific Ocean in *** Green Contribution Coefficient of COS (GCCCOS) was used to assess the relationship between GDP and COS emissions,highlighting the disparity between GDP and COS contributions to green *** part of this analysis,relevant recommendations are proposed to address this *** COS emission inventory in our study can be used as input for the Sulfur Transport and Deposition Model （STEM）,reducing uncertainties in the atmospheric COS source?sink budget and promoting understanding of the atmosphere sulfur cycle.

关键词： anthropogenic emissions carbonyl sulfide emission inventory provincial scale

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Diversity loss and light limitation threaten the sustainability of ecosystem productivity gains under nitrogen enrichment

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177960页

作者： Zhang, Wenshuo Li, Tingting Li, Jiawen Zhang, Ruiyang Xu, Li Wang, Jinsong Hu, Jian Niu, Shuli Tian, Dashuan Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China College of Life Sciences China West Normal University Nanchong637009 China Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Southwest Minzu University Chengdu610041 China

Plant photosynthesis significantly regulates atmospheric CO₂ but is often limited by nitrogen (N) availability. While N deposition could alleviate this limitation and enhance gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), its long-term effects are uncertain due to potential negative impacts like biodiversity loss and soil acidification. Yet, many long-term N addition experiments emphasize community biomass over gross GEP. Here, we conducted a six-year N addition experiment in an alpine meadow, frequently monitoring GEP, community structure, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP)and plant traits. We found that N addition significantly enhanced GEP in the first three years, but during 4–6 years this effect disappeared. We further disentangled the mechanisms affecting GEP into biomass-based and non-biomass-based processes. The latter is expressed as biomass-specific GEP, defined as GEP per unit biomass. Differing with GEP, biomass-specific GEP provides a metric of carbon assimilation efficiency normalized to biomass. Unlike previous studies, we found that it was not ANPP, but specific GEP that determined the loss of the short-term N effect. ANPP showed a consistent increase under N addition, whereas specific GEP decreased in the last three years. This specific GEP reduction was primarily regulated by biodiversity loss and increased light limitation under N addition. Overall, our findings suggest that short-term benefits of N deposition on GEP are not sustained in long term, highlighting the need to explore the non-biomass-based mechanisms to better predict ecosystem responses to prolonged N enrichment. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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