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SSRN 2022年

作者： Xing, Yu Li, Jing Li, Junyi Pang, Weiyi Martin, Francis L. Xu, Li Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Beijing100097 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China School of Public Health Guilin Medical University Guilin541199 China Research Institute Suzhou215128 China Biocel Ltd HullHU10 7TS United Kingdom Ministry of Agriculture China

Humans are routinely exposed to nanoplastics (NPs) in multiple ways, presenting a risk to health. Nevertheless, there remain gaps in our knowledge, particularly in the mechanisms of toxicity of NPs with different surface charges at ambient concentrations. Herein, a spectrochemical approach was used in this study to profile in HepG2 cells the toxicity-inducing effects of NPs with different surface charges. It was found that all three NPs can cause some effects on cells, affecting cellular lipids, proteins, amino acids, and genetic material. Of these, PS and PS-COOH led to a non-linear dose-response, which may be related to a biphasic dose-response, and PS-NH2 led to a linear dose-response with a gradual increase in toxicity with increasing exposure concentration. In addition, the spectroscopic results show that surface modification led to cellular biochemical changes and caused adverse biological effects, with PS-NH2 exhibiting higher toxicity than PS or PS-COOH along with inhibition of cell proliferation. PS-COOH, although the least toxic NP, appears to cause DNA damage. The toxic effects of different surface-modified NPs in cells at environmental concentrations are detected for the first time by applying spectrochemical techniques, which is important towards understanding emerging widespread environmental pollution of NPs and their effects on humans. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Toxicity

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青藏高原高寒草地植物的群落性状和功能在降水梯度上调控了生物量的分配权衡

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第5期16卷 44-57页

作者： Le Sun Jian Sun Jun-Xi Wu Zi-Yin Du You-Jun Chen Yi Wang Miao Liu Wen-Cheng Li Er-Yuan Liang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and ResourcesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 1oo1o1China School of Geographical Sciences China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China Institute of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Life Sciences and School of Ecology State Key Lab of Biological ControlSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

了解在不同生态系统中植物生物量分配的调控机制是阐明植物适应性策略的重要理论基础。目前,虽然生境条件对植物生物量分配的影响已被广泛研究,但对植物群落性状和功能(plant community traits and functions,PCTF)如何调控生物量分配,... 详细信息

了解在不同生态系统中植物生物量分配的调控机制是阐明植物适应性策略的重要理论基础。目前,虽然生境条件对植物生物量分配的影响已被广泛研究,但对植物群落性状和功能(plant community traits and functions,PCTF)如何调控生物量分配,特别是在高寒草地生态系统中的研究却较少。本研究计算了在群落水平上的5种叶片功能性状的群落加权平均值(community-weighted means,CWM),并利用相关分析、方差分解分析和结构方程模型探讨了PCTF与生物量权衡之间的关系。研究结果发现,高寒草甸(alpine meadow,AM)和高寒草原(alpine steppe,AS)的权衡值都大于零,但两者存在显著差异,AM的权衡值(0.203)明显高于AS(0.088)。此外,决定AS生物量分配的关键因素是物种丰富度(0.69)和叶片干物质含量(CWM_(LDMC),0.42),而在AM中,关键因素是叶片干物质含量(CWM_(LDMC),0.48)和叶片碳含量(CWM_(LC)-0.45)。值得注意的是,无论AS中的CWM_(LDMC)和物种丰富度,还是AM中的CWM_(LDMC)和CWM_(LC)都主要受气候因素中的降水调节。总而言之,降水往往通过对PCTF的影响来调控高寒草地的生物量分配,因此强调了PCTF在调节降水梯度上植物生物量分配策略的重要性。

关键词：群落加权平均权衡生物量分配植物群落性状和功能高寒草地青藏高原

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labile Carbon Retention Compensates for CO2 Released by Priming in Forest Soils

Labile Carbon Retention Compensates for CO2 Released by Prim...

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第三届西双版纳植物园和气候变化国际研讨会(The Third Xishuangbanna International Symposium Botanical Gardens and Climate Change)

作者： Na QIAO Douglas SCHAEFER Evgenia BLAGODATSKAYA Xiao-Ming ZOU Xing-Liang XU Yakov KUZYAKOV Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences Menglun Mengla Yunnan 666303 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) 11A Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 P.R.China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems University of G(o)ttingenBüsgenweg 2 G(o)ttingen 37077 Germany

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Coupling Conservation and Livelihoods for Sustainable Management of Protected Areas in East Africa

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第3期9卷 266-272页

作者： FU Chao BAI Yunli ZHANG Linxiu WANG Shuai YAN Xue International Ecosystem Management Partnership United Nations Environment Programme Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430074 China

Strengthening research efforts to understand the combined impacts of conservation and livelihoods in protected areas（PAs） will increase the collective contribution that PAs can make towards meeting global goals for sustainable development in the next decade. As an example of such efforts, in 2014 the Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）, the Kenya Wildlife Service（KWS） and the United Nations Environment Programme（UN Environment） jointly initiated the ＂Sustainable Management of Protected Areas in East Africa＂ project. This paper provides a brief overview of the project＇s research background, goals and research tasks. The study is based on a look at the PA management system in East Africa and a review of the literature on the impact of PAs in the region. Results show that East African nations have expanded the coverage of PAs and established a complex set of PA management systems over the past century. The mandate for PAs in East African nations has changed recently from protecting biodiversity to alleviating poverty and supporting livelihoods. However, a combination of human activities and ecological processes inside and outside of PAs may not only impact biodiversity and ecosystem function over the long term, but also pose a threat to the capacity of PAs to maintain livelihoods and alleviate poverty in the local communities around them. The state of existing research in the field suggests there is an enormous need for additional research, the purpose of which is to help PA managers and policy-makers in East Africa understand how to achieve win-win outcomes for both ecosystems and human well-being. Against this background, the CAS-KWS-UN Environment joint research project aims to understand the dynamic interactions between ecosystems and human well-being around PAs in East Africa and identify good practices for PA management to reconcile conservation targets with the livelihood demands of local communities. It is intended that this research be shared with interested part

关键词： protected areas conservation livelihoods coupling East Africa

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Understanding Agriculture Production and Food Security in Ethiopia from the Perspective of China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第3期9卷 237-249页

作者： LI Fadong LENG Peifang ZHANG Qiuying SONG Shuai QIAO Yunfeng GU Congke ZHANG Qian WU Liang Mulubrhan Balehegn Dagne Mojo ZHU Nong ZHAO Xin Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Chinese Academy of Seienceslnstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China International Ecosystem Management Partnership-United Nations Environment Programme （UNEP-IEMP） Beijing 100101 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Animal Rangeland and Wildlife Sciences Mekelle University Mekelle 231 Ethiopia

Food security and sustainable agricultural development are the hot issues of scientific research, especially after the population affected by hunger surprisingly increased in 2016. Long-lasting and recurrent famines caused by natural disasters and wars have afflicted Ethiopia. Unlike Ethiopia, which is still struggling to achieve food self-sufficiency, China managed to quickly become food self-sufficient at a rapid speed, despite the fact that it also faced the same challenges of famine over the last century. In the backdrop of differing environmental and socio-political challenges the two countries face, comparing the similarities and differences between the two countries will yield important lessons and insights for Ethiopia to follow to achieve food self-sufficiency. Here, the progress towards food security in Ethiopia and China is presented to quantitatively compare the gap of agricultural production between both countries. We found that food production in Ethiopia is heavily constrained by drought, soil degradation, climate change, out-dated agricultural production technologies, and poverty. According to these challenges, we examined corresponding responses in China to propose solutions for achieving food self-sufficiency in Ethiopia, given the realities of its unique national situation.

关键词： food security agriculture production Ethiopia China self-sufficiency

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A National key R&D Program: Technologies and Guidelines for Monitoring Ecological Quality of Terrestrial ecosystems in China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第2期10卷 105-111页

作者： WANG Shaoqiang WANG Junbang ZHANG Leiming XIAO Zhishu WANG Feng SUN Nan LI Daiqing CHEN Bin CHEN Jinghua LI Yue WANG Xiaobo WANG Miaomiao Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture. Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Ecological quality is defined as the stability, adaptability and resilience of an ecosystem. Monitoring and assessing ecological quality are important bases for China’s ecological civilization construction. The national key research and development program "Technologies and guidelines for monitoring ecological quality of terrestrial ecosystems in China", launched in July 2017, includes plans to study the observation technologies and provide guidelines on the ecological in-situ observation, the regional biodiversity and ecosystem function monitoring and its applications, all of which contribute to national ecological quality assessment. A year after its implementation,some important progress has been achieved, such as building the indicator system for comprehensive monitoring of ecological quality and improvement of the methods, mass data transmission, infrared camera-based monitoring of biodiversity, multi-angle automatic spectral observation systems, and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) based desert monitoring. We have organized this special issue and attempted to introduce the monitoring techniques and assessment methods on ecological quality from different perspectives in order to further promote the development of ecology and its observation methods.

关键词： ecological quality ecological factors biodiversity ecosystem function monitoring technology monitoring guideli nes

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Nitrogen Addition Enhances Tree Radial Growth But Weakens its Recovery from Drought Impact in a Temperate Forest in Northern China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Cao, Jing Liu, Hongyan Zhao, Bo Li, Zongshan Liang, Boyi Song, Zhaopeng Shi, Liang Wu, Lu Wang, Qiuming Zhu, Yanpeng Li, Shuang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Peking University Beijing100871 China Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Forestry Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry Institute of GIS RS & GPS Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing100081 China

Forest growth in most parts of northern China is currently limited by drought and low nitrogen availability. The extreme drought events have increasingly threatened multiple ecosystem services provided by forests. Whether nitrogen addition will have a detrimental/beneficial moderation effect on forest resistance and recovery to extreme droughts was remained unclear. Here, Pinus tabulaeformis is the research object in this study, which is the main artificial forest species in northern China. We investigate the role of climate and nitrogen addition in driving multi-year tree growth with a combination of an 8 year nitrogen addition experiment and 184 tree ring series. An extreme drought event occurred during the experiment, providing an opportunity for us to explore the effects of drought and nitrogen addition on tree resistance and recovery. We found that nitrogen addition is beneficial for increasing the resistance of young trees, but has no effect on old trees. The recovery of trees weakens significantly with increasing nitrogen addition, and the reduction in fine root biomass caused by multiyear nitrogen addition is a key influencing factor of limited recovery after extreme drought. Our study implies that the combined effect of increasing drought and nitrogen deposition might increase the risk of pine forest mortality in northern China. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Recovery

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Long-Term Nitrogen and Phosphorus Supply Levels and Ratios Drive a Shift in Wetland Soil Bacterial Diversity and ecosystem Multifunctionality Relationships

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Sun, Kai Cai, Jingfang Liu, Xiaoling Yang, Lijuan Li, Hongli Wang, Guangmei Xu, Xingliang Yu, Feihai Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection in the Yellow River Basin of National Forestry and Grassland Administration School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai264003 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Institute of Wetland Ecology & Clone Ecology Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Taizhou University Zhejiang Taizhou318000 China

Human activities have changed the levels and ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in ecosystems. However, the effects of N and P levels and ratios on soil microbial community and ecosystem functions, especially the relationship between soil microbial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality, remain unclear. Here, the effects of 7-year experimental nutrient addition on soil bacterial and fungal communities and ecosystem multifunctionality were assessed by combining three N and P supply levels with three N:P supply ratios in a typical coastal nontidal wetland ecosystem. We found significant effects of the N and P supply levels on soil bacterial, fungal composition, and ecosystem multifunctionality, while no significant effect of N:P supply ratios was observed. Neither N and P supply levels nor their ratios significantly affected the diversity of bacteria and fungi, but they both affected the network complexity of bacteria and fungi. Soil ecosystem multifunctionality was significantly positively correlated with bacterial diversity rather than fungal diversity. Moreover, the correlation coefficient between bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality first increased and then decreased with increasing N and P supply levels, and increased with increasing N:P supply ratios. However, the correlation coefficient between bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality was not significantly correlated with bacterial network complexity. This study provides new insights into the impacts of N and P levels and ratios on soil microbial community and ecosystem multifunctionality in wetland ecosystem. Particularly, we highlighted the alteration in the relationship between soil bacterial diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality as a result of changing N and P supply levels and ratios, which should be taken into account in accurately predicting the response of ecosystem multifunctionality to N and P inputs. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： ecosystems

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Maximum Potential of Vegetation Carbon Sink in Chinese Forests

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Peng, Bo Zhou, Zhiyong Cai, Weixiang Li, Mingxu Xu, Li He, Nianpeng School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains Chinese Academy of Sciences Daxing'anling165200 China Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China

Forest vegetation is essential in sequestering CO2 from the atmosphere and mediating global warming. The carbon (C) sink potential of forest vegetation in different provinces is vital for policymakers to develop C-neutral technical routes and regional priorities in China;however, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we compiled the public data on forest vegetation biomass or storage along forest succession series between 2003 and 2022 and obtained the spatial variation of the maximum C storage of forest vegetation (BCmax) using classic logistic equation and nonlinear fitting. Furthermore, the C sink potential (∆Cpot) of the Chinese forest vegetation was calculated based on the differences between the BCmax and intensive field-investigated data in the 2010s. The results showed that the BCmax in the Chinese forest vegetation was approximately 19.03 Pg. The BCmax in southwest and northeast China were higher than those in other regions. The ∆Cpot was estimated as 8.83 Pg based on the data of the 2010s. Moreover, 1 × 1 km spatial raster data for ∆Cpot were produced using the spatial raster calculation. Similarly, the per capita ∆Cpot of regions with low economic development (southwest, central, and southern Chinese provinces) was 5–10 times higher than those of regions with a higher economic level. The ∆Cpot correlates negatively with gross domestic product (GDP)across all Chinese provinces. Our findings provide new insights into the C sink potential of the Chinese forest vegetation under natural restoration and emphasize that some differences in financial and political support among different provinces facilitate achieving a large C sink potential for C neutrality. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Global warming

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Impacts of lake water change on vegetation development in the retreat area of the Aral Sea

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Journal of Hydrology 2022年第PartA期613卷

作者： Duan, Zihao Wang, Xiaolei Shakhimardan, Shaniyazov Sun, Lin Liu, Wenjiang Luo, Yi Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China National Engineering Laboratory for Port Hydraulic Construction Technology Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T. Tianjin300456 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Agroecology and Introduction of Medicinal Plants Department Karakalpak State University Named After Berdakh Nukus230100 Uzbekistan Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi830011 China

The Aral Sea has been persistently shrinking in past decades, and the influence of the lake water level changes on vegetation in the lake retreat areas is uncertain. In this study, we quantitatively assessed the vegetation development due to relevant hydrological changes in the retreat area of the Aral Sea. The results showed that the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the retreat area displayed an overall increase from 1986 to 2020. The increasing vegetated area accounted for 84 % of the total area of the South Aral Sea, which was caused by an increase in the exposed lakebed area. However, about 40 % of the area in the North Aral Sea was the increasing vegetated area due to the improved water environment. When the depth to water table (DTW) was larger than 7–8 m, vegetation development was more dependent on precipitation than groundwater. When DTW was less than 7–8 m, groundwater had a more significant impact than precipitation on vegetation development. The negative impacts of groundwater salinity exceed the positive contributions of water supply on vegetation development, which differs to the common understanding under conditions of fresh or brackish groundwater in arid climates. Water level recovery is an effective option for improving vegetation establishment on the exposed seabed;otherwise, the exposed seabed area observed during the period 1990s–2010s in the eastern basin may remain a saline desert for a long period in the future. Finally, an empirical relationship between NDVI and water levels was established, which can be used for lake water level management that considers vegetation development in the retreated area of the Aral Sea. © 2022

关键词： Vegetation

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