The issues of both system security and safety can be dissected integrally from the perspective of behavioral appropriateness. That is, a system that is secure or safe can be judged by whether the behavior of certain a...
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The issues of both system security and safety can be dissected integrally from the perspective of behavioral appropriateness. That is, a system that is secure or safe can be judged by whether the behavior of certain agent(s) is appropriate or not. Specifically, a so-called appropriate behavior involves the right agent performing the right actions at the right time under certain conditions. Then, according to different levels of appropriateness and degrees of custodies, behavioral authentication can be graded into three levels, i.e., the authentication of behavioral Identity, Conformity, and Benignity. In a broad sense, for the security and safety issue, behavioral authentication is not only an innovative and promising method due to its inherent advantages but also a critical and fundamental problem due to the ubiquity of behavior generation and the necessity of behavior regulation in any system. By this classification, this review provides a comprehensive examination of the background and preliminaries of behavioral authentication. It further summarizes existing research based on their respective focus areas and characteristics. The challenges confronted by current behavioral authentication methods are analyzed, and potential research directions are discussed to promote the diversified and integrated development of behavioral authentication.
We study the asymptotic networking-theoretic multicast capacity bounds for random extended networks (REN) under Gaussian channel model, in which all wireless nodes are individually power-constrained. During the transm...
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We study the asymptotic networking-theoretic multicast capacity bounds for random extended networks (REN) under Gaussian channel model, in which all wireless nodes are individually power-constrained. During the transmission, the power decays along path with attenuation exponent α >; 2. In REN, n nodes are randomly distributed in the square region of side length √n. There are n s randomly and independently chosen multicast sessions. Each multicast session has n d + 1 randomly chosen terminals, including one source and n d destinations. By effectively combining two types of routing and scheduling strategies, we analyze the asymptotic achievable throughput for all n s = ω(1) and nd. As a special case of our results, we show that for n s = Θ(n), the per-session multicast capacity for REN is of order Θ(1/√n d n) when nd = O(n/(log n) a+1 ) and is of order Θ(1/n d · (log n) -n/2 ) when n d = Ω(n/log n).
Multi-task learning (MTL) is an important subject in machine learning and artificial intelligence. Its applications to computer vision, signal processing, and speech recognition are ubiquitous. Although this subject h...
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Shaoqing Wang1, Xiancun Yang2, Meixia Su1, Qiang Liu1 1Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of C...
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Shaoqing Wang1, Xiancun Yang2, Meixia Su1, Qiang Liu1 1Department of MRI, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China Correspondence: Qiang Liu (2002md@***) Aims To evaluate the diagnostic value of three- dimensional rotational angiography (3D-RA) of intracranial micro-aneurysms (diameter ≤ 3 mm) and provide guidance on the value of endovascular treatment. Materials and methods 43 patients with intracranial micro-aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively, all patients had undergone angiography with both conventional 2D-DSA(Two-Dimensional Digital Subtraction Angiography) and rotational angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction; the frequency of detection of aneurysms, depiction of aneurysm neck, radiation dose, and the dosage of contrast agent were recorded respectively. Results 55 pieces of aneurysms were detected out from the 43 cases with intracranial micro-aneurysms by 3D-RA. But only 39 cases were detected out using 2D-DSA from the 55 samples, there were significant differences with regards to detection rate (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in radiation dose and dosage of contrast agent (P < 0.05) between the two methods of using 3D-RA can improve the detection rate of micro-aneurysms, which bestows obvious advantages on displaying the shape of aneurysms, the aneurysm neck at the best angle, and the relationship with the parent artery, at the same time, the amount of contrast agent and radiation dose are reduced in 3D-RA compared to 2D-DSA.
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