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Lightweight Object Detection Networks for UAV Aerial Images Based on YOLO

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 997-1009页

作者： Yanshan LI Jiarong WANG Kunhua ZHANG Jiawei YI Miaomiao WEI Lirong ZHENG Weixin XIE ATR National Key Laboratory of Defense Technology Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University

Existing high-precision object detection algorithms for UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) aerial images often have a large number of parameters and heavy weight, which makes it difficult to be applied to mobile *** propose three YOLO-based lightweight object detection networks for UAVs, named YOLO-L, YOLO-S, and YOLO-M, respectively. In YOLO-L, we adopt a deconvolution approach to explore suitable upsampling rules during training to improve the detection accuracy. The convolution-batch normalization-Si LU activation function(CBS)structure is replaced with Ghost CBS to reduce the number of parameters and weight, meanwhile Maxpool maximum pooling operation is proposed to replace the CBS structure to avoid generating parameters and weight. YOLO-S greatly reduces the weight of the network by directly introducing CSPGhost Neck residual structures, so that the parameters and weight are respectively decreased by about 15% at the expense of 2.4% mAP. And YOLO-M adopts the CSPGhost Neck residual structure and deconvolution to reduce parameters by 5.6% and weight by 5.7%, while m AP only by 1.8%. The results show that the three lightweight detection networks proposed in this paper have good performance in UAV aerial image object detection task.

关键词： Training YOLO Deconvolution Accuracy Object detection Autonomous aerial vehicles Feature extraction

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DMFVAE:miRNA-disease associations prediction based on deep matrix factorization method with variational autoencoder

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第6期18卷 259-270页

作者： Pijing WEI Qianqian WANG Zhen GAO Ruifen CAO Chunhou ZHENG Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Artificial IntelligenceAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are closely related to numerous complex human diseases,therefore,exploring miRNA-disease associations(MDAs)can help people gain a better understanding of complex disease *** increasing number of computational methods have been developed to predict ***,the sparsity of the MDAs may hinder the performance of many *** addition,many methods fail to capture the nonlinear relationships of miRNA-disease network and inadequately leverage the features of network and neighbor *** this study,we propose a deep matrix factorization model with variational autoencoder(DMFVAE)to predict potential *** first decomposes the original association matrix and the enhanced association matrix,in which the enhanced association matrix is enhanced by self-adjusting the nearest neighbor method,to obtain sparse vectors and dense vectors,***,the variational encoder is employed to obtain the nonlinear latent vectors of miRNA and disease for the sparse vectors,and meanwhile,node2vec is used to obtain the network structure embedding vectors of miRNA and disease for the dense ***,sample features are acquired by combining the latent vectors and network structure embedding vectors,and the final prediction is implemented by convolutional neural network with channel *** evaluate the performance of DMFVAE,we conduct five-fold cross validation on the HMDD v2.0 and HMDD v3.2 datasets and the results show that DMFVAE performs ***,case studies on lung neoplasms,colon neoplasms,and esophageal neoplasms confirm the ability of DMFVAE in identifying potential miRNAs for human diseases.

关键词： miRNA-disease association deep matrix factorization self-adjusted nearest neighbor variational encoder network structure

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High-Throughput and Energy-Efficient FPGA-Based Accelerator for All Adder Neural Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 20357-20376页

作者： Zhang, Ning Ni, Shuo Chen, Liang Wang, Tong Chen, He Beijing Institute of Technology National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space-Born Intelligent Information Processing Beijing100081 China

Neural networks have been extensively applied across various Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as drone- and satellite-based remote sensing and autonomous driving. With the increasing resolution and amount of data captured by sensors, the demand for real-time response in IoT applications is markedly increasing. However, it is difficult for existing convolutional neural network (CNN) accelerators for IoT applications on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platforms to achieve high throughput because of the inherent dense multiplication operations of CNNs, memory bandwidth limitations and inefficient mapping mechanisms. In this article, a high-throughput and energy-efficient all adder neural network (A2NN) accelerator for IoT applications on FPGA platform is proposed to solve this problem. First, a series of hardware-oriented algorithm optimization methods are proposed to simplify the processing flow of A2NN and further minimize its deployment overhead. Second, a novel hardware architecture based on the idea of near-memory computation (NMC) is proposed to eliminate off-chip memory access completely and accelerate the reconstructed A2NN in the pipeline. Third, a set of quantitative analysis methods for the proposed accelerator is presented to balance throughput and energy consumption, allowing the accelerator to adapt to the varying demands of different IoT application scenarios. Extensive experimental results on the AMD-Xilinx VC709 board demonstrate that the proposed accelerator achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of throughput, energy efficiency, and throughput efficiency. Moreover, experiments on the AMD-Xilinx KV260 board highlight the architecture’s exceptional scalability and energy efficiency, enabling a balance between speed and power consumption tailored to the specific requirements of IoT application scenarios. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A method of embedding a high-resolution image into a large field-of-view image

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13037-13056页

作者： Dong, Yanmei Pei, Mingtao Jia, Yunde Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Graph Processing Tus College of Digit Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou545006 China Beijing Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Images captured by wide-angle cameras or fisheye cameras are with large Field-of-View (FOV) but low resolution, while images captured by conventional cameras are with high-resolution but limited FOV. To handle this contradiction, in this paper, we propose to improve the resolution of a large FOV image by embedding a high-resolution image into it. We present an image embedding method based on non-rigid transformations and mesh optimization. Without any radial distortion correction on large FOV images, we utilize non-rigid transformations to model the mathematical transformation relationship between the high-resolution image and the large FOV image. Meanwhile, we exploit mesh optimization to generate evenly distributed control points for maintaining the shape and content of the large FOV image. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we capture some image pairs from a conventional camera and a large FOV camera, and exploit several classic image alignment methods to implement four baseline methods. The experimental results show that our method preserves the shape and content of the original FOV image from 58% to 82%, which significantly outperforms all baseline methods. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively embed a high-resolution image into a large FOV image as well as preserve the shape and content of the large FOV image. In other words, the resolution of a large FOV image can be improved via high-resolution image embedding. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Embeddings

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A Heuristic Radiomics Feature Selection Method Based on Frequency Iteration and Multi-Supervised Training Mode

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2277-2293页

作者： Zhigao Zeng Aoting Tang Shengqiu Yi Xinpan Yuan Yanhui Zhu School of Computer Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou412007China Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Perception and Processing Technology Zhuzhou412007China

Radiomics is a non-invasive method for extracting quantitative and higher-dimensional features from medical images for *** has received great attention due to its huge application prospects in recent *** can know that the number of features selected by the existing radiomics feature selectionmethods is basically about *** this paper,a heuristic feature selection method based on frequency iteration and multiple supervised training mode is *** on the combination between features,it decomposes all features layer by layer to select the optimal features for each layer,then fuses the optimal features to form a local optimal group layer by layer and iterates to the global optimal combination *** with the currentmethod with the best prediction performance in the three data sets,thismethod proposed in this paper can reduce the number of features fromabout ten to about three without losing classification accuracy and even significantly improving classification *** proposed method has better interpretability and generalization ability,which gives it great potential in the feature selection of radiomics.

关键词： Radiomics feature selection machine learning metaheuristic

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Toward an accurate mobility trajectory recovery using contrastive learning

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Frontiers of information technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第11期25卷 1479-1496页

作者： Yushan LIU Yang CHEN Jiayun ZHANG Yu XIAO Xin WANG Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Information and Communications Engineering Aalto UniversityEspoo FI-02150Finland

Human mobility trajectories are fundamental resources for analyzing mobile behaviors in urban computing ***,these trajectories,typically collected from location-based services,often suffer from sparsity and irregularity in *** support the development of mobile applications,there is a need to recover or estimate missing locations of unobserved time slots in these trajectories at a fine-grained spatial–temporal *** methods for trajectory recovery rely on either individual user trajectories or collective mobility patterns from all *** potential to combine individual and collective patterns for precise trajectory recovery remains ***,current methods are sensitive to the heterogeneous temporal distributions of the observable trajectory *** this paper,we propose CLMove(where CL stands for contrastive learning),a novel model designed to capture multilevel mobility patterns and enhance robustness in trajectory *** features a two-stage location encoder that captures collective and individual mobility *** graph neural network based networks in CLMove explore location transition patterns within a single trajectory and across various user *** also design a trajectory-level contrastive learning task to improve the robustness of the *** experimental results on three representative real-world datasets demonstrate that our CLMove model consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of trajectory recovery accuracy.

关键词： Human mobility Mobility trajectory recovery Contrastive learning

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Robust Self-Localization of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 21646-21661页

作者： Wang, Xu Hu, De Liu, Rui Bao, Feilong Inner Mongolia University College of Computer Science National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing Technology for Mongolian Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Information Processing Technology Hohhot010021 China

Wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs), or the so-called Internet of Audio Things (IoAuT), have attracted increasing attention in the Internet of Things community. As the geometric structure of WASNs is required in audio/speech processing tasks like source localization or acoustic beamforming, automatic self-localization of sensors is necessary. However, most of the existing approaches suffer from poor stability, as their constructed cost functions involve nonconvex programming. To address this issue, we investigate the robust self-localization (or geometry calibration) of WASNs in this article. Specifically, a rough self-localization (RSL) method is first presented based on measurements including Time-Difference-of-Arrivals (TDoAs), direction-of-arrivals (DoA), and energy-rates (ERs), and its closed-form solution is further derived. As ER estimates are sensitive to acoustic environments, the performance of the RSL method is somewhat limited. Therefore, a precise self-localization (PSL) method is then developed by building a weighted (and nonconvex) TDoA-DoA cost function, after regarding the RSL approach as an initialization step. As the RSL offers better initial values compared with existing initialization strategies, the combination of RSL and PSL methods (named as RSL-PSL method) shows stronger robustness and stability. In addition, computational complexity of both RSL and PSL methods is analyzed in detail. Finally, the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) of the PSL method is derived to show its theoretical lower bound. The proposed RSL-PSL method outperforms the state-of-the-arts in terms of stability and accuracy, which is confirmed by numerical real-world and simulation experiments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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Positioning Error Compensation via Channel Knowledge Map for UAV Communication

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16977-16989页

作者： Zhang, Chiya Wang, Ting He, Chunlong Harbin Institute of Technology School of Electronic and Information Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen518060 China

When uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) perform high-precision communication tasks, such as searching for users and providing emergency coverage, positioning errors between base stations and users make it challenging to deploy trajectory planning algorithms. To address these challenges caused by positioning errors, we propose a compensation framework based on channel knowledge map (CKM), a site-specific database that stores and manages channel state information (CSI). By taking the positions with errors as input, the generated CKM could give a prediction of signal attenuation which is close to true positions. Based on that, the predictions are utilized to calculate the received power and a proximal policy optimization-based algorithm is applied to optimize the compensation. After training, the framework is able to find a strategy that minimize the flight time under communication constraints and positioning error. Besides, the confidence interval is calculated to assist the allocation of power and the update of CKM is studied to adapt to the dynamic environment. Simulation results show the robustness of CKM to positioning error and environmental changes, and the superiority of CKM-assisted UAV communication design. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Secure data rate maximization for full-duplex UAV-enabled base station

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1387-1393页

作者： Chunlong He Xinjie Li Yin Huang Jianzhen Lin Gongbin Qian Xingquan Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology ShenzhenChina

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)is an air base station featuring flexible deployment and *** can significantly improve the communication quality of the system due to its line-of-sight channel connection with ground ***,due to the openness of UAV-to-Ground channels,the communication between ground users'devices and UAV is easily *** this paper,we aim to improve the security of communication system by using full-duplex UAV as a mobile air base *** UAV sends interference signals to eavesdroppers and receives signals from ground *** jointly optimize the scheduling between the UAV and ground devices,the transmission power of the UAV and ground devices,as well as the trajectory of the UAV to maximize the minimum average security communication data *** optimization problem is mixed with integers and nonconvex ***,this problem is not a standard convex optimization problem,which can not be solved with standard *** this in mind,we propose an effective algorithm which solves this problem iteratively by applying Successive Convex Approximation(SCA),variable relaxation and ***,numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： UAV relay Physical layer security Full-duplex UAV Power optimization Trajectory optimization

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HOZ++: Versatile Hierarchical Object-to-Zone Graph for Object Navigation

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第7期47卷 5958-5975页

作者： Zhang, Sixian Song, Xinhang Yu, Xinyao Bai, Yubing Guo, Xinlong Li, Weijie Jiang, Shuqiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

The goal of object navigation task is to reach the expected objects using visual information in unseen environments. Previous works typically implement deep models as agents that are trained to predict actions based on visual observations. Despite extensive training, agents often fail to make wise decisions when navigating in unseen environments toward invisible targets. In contrast, humans demonstrate a remarkable talent to navigate toward targets even in unseen environments. This superior capability is attributed to the cognitive map in the hippocampus, which enables humans to recall past experiences in similar situations and anticipate future occurrences during navigation. It is also dynamically updated with new observations from unseen environments. The cognitive map equips humans with a wealth of prior knowledge, significantly enhancing their navigation capabilities. Inspired by human navigation mechanisms, we propose the Hierarchical Object-to-Zone (HOZ++) graph, which encapsulates the regularities among objects, zones, and scenes. The HOZ++ graph helps the agent to identify the current zone and the target zone, and computes an optimal path between them, then selects the next zone along the path as the guidance for the agent. Moreover, the HOZ++ graph continuously updates based on real-time observations in new environments, thereby enhancing its adaptability to new environments. Our HOZ++ graph is versatile and can be integrated into existing methods, including end-to-end RL and modular methods. Our method is evaluated across four simulators, including AI2-THOR, RoboTHOR, Gibson, and Matterport 3D. Additionally, we build a realistic environment to evaluate our method in the real world. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Digital elevation model

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