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Metalens-based hybrid probe near-infrared endoscope objective

Optics Express 2025年第3期33卷 5757-5768页

作者： Song, Yichen Mao, Shan Tang, Yufeng Zhao, Jianlin Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710129 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Remote Sensing and Intelligent Information Processing Xi’an710119 China

Rapid large-area deep tissue imaging at long working distances is important for clinical diagnosis. A near-infrared metalens-based hybrid probe con-focal micro-endoscope (pCM) objective with a large field of view of 500 µm, a long working distance of 300 µm, and a small caliber of 2.2 mm was designed, which is compatible with conventional endoscopes to produce cell-resolution images of deep tissues. The performance of the metalens-based hybrid objective optical system was analyzed. Results show that the metalens-based hybrid pCM significantly improves the imaging quality of such optical systems under the premise of meeting the design accuracy requirements, which provides a new solution and an effective realization for the design of such optical systems. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Clustering for Bivariate Functional Data

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第3期40卷 613-629页

作者： Shi-yun CAO Yan-qiu ZHOU Yan-ling WAN Tao ZHANG School of Science Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China School of Marxism Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Graph Processing Guangxi University of Science and TechnologyLiuzhou 545006China

In this paper,we consider the clustering of bivariate functional data where each random surface consists of a set of curves recorded repeatedly for each *** k-centres surface clustering method based on marginal functional principal component analysis is proposed for the bivariate functional data,and a novel clustering criterion is presented where both the random surface and its partial derivative function in two directions are *** addition,we also consider two other clustering methods,k-centres surface clustering methods based on product functional principal component analysis or double functional principal component *** results indicate that the proposed methods have a nice performance in terms of both the correct classification rate and the adjusted rand *** approaches are further illustrated through empirical analysis of human mortality data.

关键词： bivariate functional data -centres surface clustering functional principal component analysis partial derivative function

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Facial micro-expression recognition based on dual-stream fusion network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-14页

作者： Sun, Jiacheng Chen, Changhong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Communication Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications No.66 Xin Mofan RD Nanjing210003 China

Micro-expressions(MEs) have emerged as a viable strategy for affective estimation due to their high reliability in emotion detection. In recent years, deep learning methods have been successfully applied to the field of micro-expression recognition. However, extracting and learning features from MEs presents challenges due to their brief duration and subtle intensity. To address these challenges, we propose the dual-stream fusion network (DSFNet). Specifically, we design shallow tokens-to-token vision transformers (T2T-ViT) to effectively capture comprehensive spatial position information. We also fine-tuned the number of ViT encoders and heads to enhance overall model performance. Additionally, the proposed multiscale convolution block (MCB) and attention mechanism modules (AMM) facilitate the effective extraction of detailed and valuable multiscale features from MEs. By employing various sizes of convolutional kernels and attention mechanisms, our approach captures higher-level image information, thereby improving MER accuracy. Finally, we integrate the information obtained from both branches. Performance evaluations on three mainstream ME datasets-SMIC, CASME II, and SAMM-demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly outperforms other advanced methods in micro-expression classification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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Robust Self-Localization of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 21646-21661页

作者： Wang, Xu Hu, De Liu, Rui Bao, Feilong Inner Mongolia University College of Computer Science Hohhot010021 China National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing Technology for Mongolian Hohhot 010021 China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Information Processing Technology Hohhot 010021 China

Wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs), or the so-called internet of audio things (IoAuTs), have attracted increasing attention in the IoT community. As the geometry structure of WASNs is required in audio/speech processing tasks like source localization or acoustic beamforming, automatic self-localization of sensors is necessary. However, most of the existing approaches suffer from poor stability, as their constructed cost functions involve non-convex programming. To address this issue, we investigate the robust self-localization (or geometry calibration) of WASNs in this paper. Specifically, a rough self-localization (RSL) method is first presented based on measurements including time-difference-of-arrivals (TDoAs), direction-of-arrivals (DoA), and energy-rates (ERs), and its closed-form solution is further derived. As ER estimates are sensitive to acoustic environments, the performance of the RSL method is somewhat limited. Therefore, a precise self-localization (PSL) method is then developed by building a weighted (and non-convex) TDoA-DoA cost function, after regarding the RSL approach as an initialization step. As the RSL offers better initial values compared with existing initialization strategies, the combination of RSL and PSL methods (named as RSL-PSL method) shows stronger robustness and stability. In addition, computational complexity of both RSL and PSL methods are analyzed in details. Finally, the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) of the PSL method is derived to show its theoretical lower bound. The proposed RSL-PSL method outperforms the state-of-the-arts in terms of stability and accuracy, which is confirmed by numerical real-world and simulation experiments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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Degradation-Trend-Aware Deep Neural Network with Attention Mechanism for Bearing Remaining Useful Life Prediction

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第6期5卷 2997-3011页

作者： Liu, Yongkang Pan, Donghui Zhang, Haifeng Zhong, Kai Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of the Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Hefei230601 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of the Ministry of Education Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Hefei230601 China

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction of bearings has extraordinary significance for prognostics and health management (PHM) of rotating machinery. RUL prediction approaches based on deep learning have been dedicated to finding a nonlinear mapping relationship between nonstationary monitoring data and RUL. However, most existing approaches pay little attention to the degradation trend of diverse health stages of bearing and lack the discriminative power of crucial degradation features, resulting in the loss of some important information associated with RUL. To address this challenge, this article proposes a novel RUL prediction framework based on degradation-trend-aware deep neural network with attention mechanism (DTADAN). First the multidirection features with evident degradation trend are extracted via the analysis of bearing vibration signal from both time-domain and time-frequency domain. Next, the deep neural network architecture with attention mechanism is utilized to adaptively learn the critical degradation features beneficial for RUL prediction. Distinct from the existing approaches, the proposed framework is able to dynamically extract key degradation features of the bearing including degradation trend information and effectively fuse multidirection information to improve RUL prediction accuracy. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated via case studies on XJTU-SY bearing dataset and PRONOSTIA bearing dataset. Compared with other state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed framework has better predictive accuracy and robustness. Additionally, interpretable analysis is provided to reveal the process of model learning and data characteristics, and the analysis results are helpful in guiding model learning. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Non-uniform Compressive Sensing Imaging Based on Image Saliency

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第1期32卷 159-165页

作者： LI Hongliang DAI Feng ZHAO Qiang MA Yike CAO Juan ZHANG Yongdong University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

For more effective image sampling, compressive sensing(CS) imaging methods based on image saliency have been proposed in recent years. Those methods assign higher measurement rates to salient regions,but lower measurement rate to non-salient regions to improve the performance of CS imaging. However, those methods are block-based, which are difficult to apply to actual CS sampling, as each photodiode should strictly correspond to a block of the scene. In our work, we propose a non-uniform CS imaging method based on image saliency, which assigns higher measurement density to salient regions and lower density to non-salient regions,where measurement density is the number of pixels measured in a unit size. As the dimension of the signal is reduced, the quality of reconstructed image will be improved theoretically, which is confirmed by our experiments. Since the scene is sampled as a whole, our method can be easily applied to actual CS sampling. To verify the feasibility of our approach, we design and implement a hardware sampling system, which can apply our non-uniform sampling method to obtain measurements and reconstruct the images. To our best knowledge, this is the first CS hardware sampling system based on image saliency.

关键词： Measurement units Density measurement Imaging Image sampling Size measurement Hardware Sensors

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A Novel Stacked Network Method for Enhancing the Performance of Side-Channel Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 1001-1022页

作者： Zhicheng Yin Lang Li Yu Ou College of Computer Science and Technology Hengyang Normal UniversityHengyang421002China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Application HengyangNormal UniversityHengyang421002China

The adoption of deep learning-based side-channel analysis(DL-SCA)is crucial for leak detection in secure *** previous studies have applied this method to break targets protected with *** the increasing number of studies,the problem of model *** research mainly focuses on exploring hyperparameters and network architectures,while offering limited insights into the effects of external factors on side-channel attacks,such as the number and type of *** paper proposes a Side-channel Analysis method based on a Stacking ensemble,called *** our method,multiple models are deeply *** the extended application of base models and the meta-model,Stacking-SCA effectively improves the output class probabilities of the model,leading to better ***,this method shows that the attack performance is sensitive to changes in the number of ***,five independent subsets are extracted from the original ASCAD database as multi-segment datasets,which are mutually *** method shows how these subsets are used as inputs for Stacking-SCA to enhance its attack *** experimental results show that Stacking-SCA outperforms the current state-of-the-art results on several considered datasets,significantly reducing the number of attack traces required to achieve a guessing entropy of ***,different hyperparameter sizes are adjusted to further validate the robustness of the method.

关键词： Side-channel analysis deep learning stacking ensemble learning model generalization

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Masking Cascaded Self-attentions for Few-Shot Font-Generation Transformer 17th

Masking Cascaded Self-attentions for Few-Shot Font-Generati...

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17th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, ACCV 2024

作者： Ma, Jing Xiang, Xiang He, Yan National Key Lab of Multi-Spectral Information Intelligent Processing Technology School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819609161

Few-shot Font Generation (FFG) is a practical technology widely used in designing artistic characters, handwriting imitation, and identification, etc., which aims to generate realistic font images with a few reference samples. Typically, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are employed to learn the representations of style and content from the font images. However, owing to the locality of convolutional operations, CNNs are not good at capturing the global structure of fonts, which leads to the generated images with blurry components and distorted space layouts. To address this problem, we consider cascading self-attention modules to exploit long-range dependencies for font generation and propose a transformer-based approach called FGTr. Following the style-content disentanglement paradigm, FGTr contains two different transformer encoders to extract the style and content sequences. A multi-layer transformer decoder is adopted to merge the two sequences and generate target images. In order to smoothen the transition of patch edges, we utilize a Local Self-Attention Mask (LSAM) to restrict the attention scope of each patch to a fixed-size sliding window, which plugs into the Transformer with no extra parameters. We also propose an Auxiliary Generation Module (AGM) in favor of generating glyphs closer to the real. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our method compared with state-of-the-art CNN-based models. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Convolution

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Inexact proximal gradient algorithm with random reshuffling for nonsmooth optimization

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Science China(information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 219-237页

作者： Xia JIANG Yanyan FANG Xianlin ZENG Jian SUN Jie CHEN National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji University

Proximal gradient algorithms are popularly implemented to achieve convex optimization with nonsmooth regularization. Obtaining the exact solution of the proximal operator for nonsmooth regularization is challenging because errors exist in the computation of the gradient; consequently, the design and application of inexact proximal gradient algorithms have attracted considerable attention from researchers. This paper proposes computationally efficient basic and inexact proximal gradient descent algorithms with random reshuffling. The proposed stochastic algorithms take randomly reshuffled data to perform successive gradient descents and implement only one proximal operator after all data pass through. We prove the convergence results of the proposed proximal gradient algorithms under the sampling-without-replacement reshuffling *** computational errors exist in gradients and proximal operations, the proposed inexact proximal gradient algorithms can converge to an optimal solution neighborhood. Finally, we apply the proposed algorithms to compressed sensing and compare their efficiency with some popular algorithms.

关键词： proximal operator random reshuffling inexact computation compressed sensing nonsmooth optimization

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A Unified Framework for Analysis and Optimization of RIS-Assisted MIMO Multiple Access Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 25224-25239页

作者： Wang, Siqiang Zheng, Zhong Guo, Jing Fei, Zesong Sun, Zhi Zhang, Qin Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Information and Electronics National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space-Born Intelligent Information Processing Beijing100081 China Tsinghua University Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing China

Recently, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are gaining increasing attention in communication systems due to their ability to adapt themself according to the wireless environment. Therefore, the communication systems with massive RIS deployments are able to extend high-quality coverage ubiquitously. This is especially beneficial for Internet of Things (IoT) systems as the IoT devices can be located in hard-to-reach area. On the other hand, current methods to analyze and optimize the performance of communication systems with multiple RISs deployment are ad hoc, which depends on the specific system configurations. There lacks a unified theoretical framework that provides general analytical treatment for both passive and active RIS-assisting systems, possibly having multiple concatenated reflections via RISs, which is typical in IoT communication scenarios. Thus, we investigate general uplink RIS-assisted multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication systems under general Rician fading channels, where the number of cascaded RIS panels are arbitrary and the RIS elements can be active or passive. By utilizing the linearization trick and the operator-valued free probability theory, a unified analytic expression of the ergodic sum rate for the considered MU-MIMO systems is derived. Then, we further propose a low-complexity optimization approach to design the RISs’ phase shifts, thus enhancing the ergodic sum rate. Numerical results verify the accuracy of the analytical results for RIS-assisted systems. In addition, the convergence and effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithm are demonstrated. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Fading channels

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