Dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage changes, especially on a relatively large temporal scale, have important practical significance in urban planning and environmental protection. The objective of this study is ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319483566
Dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage changes, especially on a relatively large temporal scale, have important practical significance in urban planning and environmental protection. The objective of this study is to dynamically investigate the urban landscape patterns of vegetation coverage based on remote sensing techniques. Multi-temporal Landsat images of 1990,2000 and 2013 were firstly used to produce three vegetation coverage maps of HefeiCity, AnhuiProvince, China with five grades using the NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) dimidiate pixel model. Subsequently, a total of eight landscape pattern indictors in FRAGSTATS 4.2 were selected to analyze the dynamic characteristics of area, quantity and density for the study area with different vegetation coverage grades. The results showed that(1) the dominant vegetation coverage of 1990, 2000 and 2013 were the high vegetation coverage, the moderate vegetation coverage and the moderate-to-high vegetation coverage, respectively. The acreage of non-vegetation coverage increased by1.89 %, while the high vegetation coverage decreased by 10.48 % from 1990 to2013;(2) the quantity and density of patches decreased by 33.42 % and33.41 % during 1990–2013. Shannon's diversity index and Shannon's evenness index increased from 0.92 in 1990 to 0.97 in 2000, and then declined to 0.96 in2013;and(3) the contagion index had an upward trend and conversely the aggregation index showed no significant changes, but both of them were close to1 during 1990–2013. In comparison with natural in fluences, the primary driving forces causing the changes were ascribed to human factors including the rapid population growth and fast-growing urban areas.
In this paper, a novel symmetrical split-ring resonators defected ground structure(DGS) wideband bandpass filter is proposedThis filter exhibits advantages such as miniaturization, large range of bandwidth and easy fa...
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In this paper, a novel symmetrical split-ring resonators defected ground structure(DGS) wideband bandpass filter is proposedThis filter exhibits advantages such as miniaturization, large range of bandwidth and easy fabricationThis paper analyzes the symmetrical split-ring resonators DGS unit and the bandpass filter with three symmetrical split-ring resonators DGS is designedThe simulation and testing show that the bandpass filter with the novel DGS provides insertion loss of 0.9d B, return loss of-12.5d B, and the relative bandwidth achieves 7%.
A novel ultra-wideband( UWB) antenna is proposed in this paper,which has a band-notched characteristic for the interference between the UWB applications and the IEEE802.11 a wireless local area network(WLAN) and the W...
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A novel ultra-wideband( UWB) antenna is proposed in this paper,which has a band-notched characteristic for the interference between the UWB applications and the IEEE802.11 a wireless local area network(WLAN) and the Wi MAX /C-band with combination of notched structures. The proposed antenna fed by coplanar waveguide( CPW),with modified U-slots and general U-slot in echelon patch which can be used to reject the frequency 5.15 to 5.825 GHz, 3.3 to 3.6GHz,and 3.7 to 4.2GHz. The simulation results show that the antenna has obvious band-notched characteristics in the notched band which can effectively prevent the interference of these narrow-band communication systems, and also has well radiation characteristics in the whole band.
An effective image tamper localization and self-recovery scheme that uses the rehashing model is proposed in this paper. The aim of the proposed scheme was to reduce the failure rate in detecting image tamper areas an...
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Threshold secret sharing (SS), also denoted as (t, n) SS, has been used extensively in the area of information se- curity, such as for group authentication, cloud storage schemes, secure parallel communication and wir...
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Threshold secret sharing (SS), also denoted as (t, n) SS, has been used extensively in the area of information se- curity, such as for group authentication, cloud storage schemes, secure parallel communication and wireless mul- tipath routing protocols. However, a (t, n) SS cannot de- tect any deceptions among the dealer and shareholders. Veriable secret sharing (VSS) overcomes the weakness of (t, n) SS in such a way that it is able to detect cheaters by verifying the validity of shares or the correctness of the recovered secret under the condition that both shares and the secret are not compromised. Recently, two non- interactive VSSs based on Asmuth-Bloom's SS were pro- posed by Harn et al. and Liu et al., respectively. Both VSSs require shareholders to examine the range of values of some integers related to the secret before recovering the secret, which is a time-consuming operation. In this paper, we propose a novel integratable VSS mechanism that integrates the concepts of the generalized Chinese remainder theorem (GCRT), Shamir's SS and Asmuth- Bloom's SS. Our proposed VSS can verify that the secret reconstructed by any t or more shareholders is the same as the one that the dealer has generated. Analysis shows that our proposed VSS can provide perfect secrecy and better efficiency.
Collective measurements on identically prepared quantum systems can extract more information than local measurements, thereby enhancing information-processing efficiency. Although this nonclassical phenomenon has been...
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The almost blank subframe (ABS) has been studied in 3GPP as a way to mitigate downlink interference experienced by cell range expansion (CRE) user equipments (UEs). However, the throughput of CRE UEs highly depends on...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479975358
The almost blank subframe (ABS) has been studied in 3GPP as a way to mitigate downlink interference experienced by cell range expansion (CRE) user equipments (UEs). However, the throughput of CRE UEs highly depends on the ratios of ABS which are statically configured in many situations. The coordinated multi-point (CoMP) is one of the key solutions standardized in LTE-A which can be implemented in CRE with ABS to exploit the abundant spatial resources. And distributed cell selection could help guarantee the UEs' performance under different range expansion biases. In this paper, a distributed CoMP method for CRE with ABS is proposed in heterogeneous networks. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm provides considerable performance gains in the spectrum efficiency with different bias and users settings.
Since the existing full-rate cooperative transmission schemes have a serious defect in low Bit Error Rate (BER) performance while the existing high-rate cooperative transmission schemes have a serious defect in low sp...
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Since the existing full-rate cooperative transmission schemes have a serious defect in low Bit Error Rate (BER) performance while the existing high-rate cooperative transmission schemes have a serious defect in low spectral efficiency, a distributed high-rate cooperative relay transmission scheme based on full-rate cooperative communication model is proposed in this paper, in which Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD) technology and Linear Constellation Precoding (LCP) technology are employed. Moreover, the proposed scheme addresses the issue of obtaining maximum spatial and multipath diversity with low decoding complexity and high transmission reliability. The BER performance of the proposed scheme is contrasted to that of the full-rate transmission scheme where better performance is achieved, and is improved when the number of the multipath or the relay nodes increases.
Since the single-antenna relay cooperative communication systems have a serious defect in reliability of data transmission, while the MIMO communication systems have difficulty in design and decoding, we propose a mix...
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Since the single-antenna relay cooperative communication systems have a serious defect in reliability of data transmission, while the MIMO communication systems have difficulty in design and decoding, we propose a mixed structure of full-rate and low-detection complexity cooperative relay transmission scheme based on full-rate relay cooperative transmission model, which combines the advantages of cyclic delay diversity (CDD) technology and linear constellation precoding (LCP) technology. This scheme can excavation diversity gain by using single antenna terminal and multiple antenna simultaneously, moreover, the decoding complexity is low. The bit error rate (BER) performance is improved with the number of the antenna or the multipath or the relay nodes increases.
IEEE 802.11 is a protocol standard widely used in wireless local area network (WLAN). For the distributed coordination function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 MAC layer, the binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm has the de...
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IEEE 802.11 is a protocol standard widely used in wireless local area network (WLAN). For the distributed coordination function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 MAC layer, the binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm has the defect of poor access fairness. To address this issue, the design criteria of backoff algorithm is generalized from the analysis of the key performance parameters of DCF, and then a logarithmic backoff (LB) algorithm based on dynamic contention window (CW) adjustment is proposed. The algorithm dynamically adjusts the initial value of CW and the backoff size of the CW by using the logarithmic function that takes the number of network competing nodes as the variable. Simulation results show that compared with the BEB algorithm, the LB algorithm can effectively improve the fairness performance and the throughput performance, and also reduce network delay.
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