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Optimal sizing of energy storage considering the spatial-temporal correlation of wind power forecast errors

IET RENEWABLE power GENERATION 2019年第4期13卷 530-538页

作者： Wang, Chengfu Teng, Qijun Liu, Xiaoyi Zhang, Feng He, Suoying Liang, Zhengtang Dong, Xiaoming Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China State Grid Qingdao Power Supply Co Qingdao 266000 Shandong Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Energy & Power Engn Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China

Energy storage is considered as an effective approach to deal with the power deviation that caused by the stochastic wind power forecast error. Because of the spatial-temporal correlation of forecast errors for wind farms, which locate close to each other and integrate into the same regional power grid, energy storage could be deployed effectively and economically. Therefore, this study proposes an optimisation method to size the capacity of energy storage system (ESS) considering the spatial-temporal correlation of forecast errors for multiple nearby wind farms. The copula theory based correlation model of high-dimensional forecast errors is built to capture the spatial-temporal characteristics of forecast error. Then, according to multiple scenarios technique, an optimal ESS sizing model is established to minimise the investment and operation costs of the ESS. Meanwhile, an operation strategy considering the trend of prediction and correlation of errors is used to implement rolling operation strategy of ESS. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method and illustrate the significant impact of the correlation of forecast error on the capacity of ESS.

关键词： energy storage power grids load forecasting wind power plants optimisation power generation economics wind power multiple nearby wind farms correlation model high-dimensional forecast errors spatial-temporal characteristics optimal ESS sizing model optimal sizing spatial-temporal correlation power deviation stochastic wind power forecast error regional power grid energy storage system

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Feature Selection Method for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring with Balanced Redundancy and Relevancy

Feature Selection Method for Non-intrusive Load Monitoring w...

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IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial power system Asia (I&CPS Asia)

作者： Sheng Bao Li Zhang Wensheng Li Donglei Sun Boyi Zhang Xueshan Han Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Economic & Technology Research Institute Jinan China

ISBN: (数字)9781728143033

ISBN: (纸本)9781728143040

Non-intrusive load monitoring(NILM) has become a key technology in the power Internet of Things and an important information source of load characteristics analysis. Whether the selected features are appropriate determines the effectiveness of load identification in NILM. In order to reduce redundance and improve relevance of the selected features, a feature selection method which integrates mutual information and Relief-F algorithm is proposed. Based on the analysis of the power consumption characteristics of various electrical appliances, the prospective components of the initial feature set for NILM is discussed. From the perspective of balancing redundancy and relevancy, the redundant features are removed by using mutual information algorithm, the relevance of the features are sorted by using Relief-F algorithm, and then the optimal feature subset is obtained. A k-NN identification algorithm is applied to test the effectiveness of the feature selection methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method is superior to other filter feature selection methods in robustness and universality, and can significantly improve the identification accuracy.

关键词： Feature extraction Transient analysis Mutual information Steady-state Redundancy Monitoring power systems

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Longitudinal Protection Based on Phase Trajectory of Fault Component Instantaneous power 13

Longitudinal Protection Based on Phase Trajectory of Fault C...

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IEEE 13th International Conference on Compatibility, power Electronics and power Engineering (IEEE IES CPE-powerENG)

作者： Liu, Shiming Zhang, Yuhao Wu, Jukun Zhu, Xisong Zhao, Guochao Shandong Univ Key Lab Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan Peoples R China Zhangjiakou Power Supply Co State Grid Zhangjiakou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132020

Active power differential protection has advantages in eliminating the influence of reactive power factors and identifying high-resistance faults, and the data self-synchronization method can eliminate the synchronization error. power differential protection based on data self-synchronization method combines the advantages of both, but the protection speed needs to be improved. Based on phase space theory, this paper constructs the phase space of fault component instantaneous power and analyzes its characteristics. Longitudinal protection based on the phase trajectory of fault component instantaneous power is proposed, which identifies faults by the center position of the trajectory. The simulations of the IEEE 9-node system shows that the protection has a faster speed and can correctly identify faults in various synchronization exception scenarios.

关键词： synchronization error instantaneous power phase space self-synchronization

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Enhancing Event-Driven Load Shedding by Corrective Switching With Transient Security and Overload Constraints

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IEEE ACCESS 2019年 7卷 101355-101365页

作者： Shi, Fang Zhang, Hengxu Cao, Yongji Sun, Huadong Chai, Yun Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China China Elect Power Res Inst Beijing 100192 Peoples R China State Grid Jiangsu Elect Power Res Inst Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China

Sudden loss of bulk power generation will result in significant power shortage and power flow redistribution, which may lead to insecurity and/or stability problems. Under this condition, load shedding (LS) and corrective line switching (CLS) can be used to guarantee a reliable electricity supply. However, at present, the above two procedures are implemented separately, which may deteriorate each other and cause unnecessary load loss. To address this issue, a coordination optimization method is proposed to coordinate event-driven LS and CLS for enhancing power system security and stability as well as reducing LS amount simultaneously. A two-loop integrated algorithm is designed to solve the constrained optimization problem, which takes the transient frequency/voltage deviation and overload capacity of the transmission lines as constraints. In the inner loop, iterative optimization of the LS for frequency/voltage security is achieved based on linearized sensitivity analysis, and then step-by-step summation is employed to get the LS amount for alleviating overload. Neighbor search is used in the outer loop to coordinate event-driven LS and CLS so as to optimize the total LS amount. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in a modified IEEE 39 bus test system and an industrial power system. The results show that the proposed scheme can decrease the LS amount without improve the transient security while maintaining the transient security and alleviating overload.

关键词： Optimization frequency control power system security

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Utility-Oriented Online Load Restoration Considering Wind power Penetration

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2019年第2期10卷 706-717页

作者： Zhao, Jin Wang, Hongtao Liu, Yutian Azizipanah-Abarghooee, Rasoul Terzija, Vladimir Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250000 Shandong Peoples R China Univ Manchester Sch Elect & Elect Engn Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England

An efficient load recovery of a hulk system with wind power penetration requires careful consideration of uncertainties related to it, as well as online data gathered from measurement devices. From the perspective of uncertainties, a novel utility-based decision-making method is proposed in this paper. The method combines both risk and return of the load restoration strategy to assist decision making in uncertain states, and it also provides a utility function to present the preference of the load restoration strategy. Furthermore, a utility-oriented optimization model is created to select the strategy with the largest utility value with a certain confidence level. To achieve efficient utilization of online data, as well as to ensure high computation efficiency, the utility-oriented optimization is transformed into a scenario-based linear programming model. The proposed method fills the gap between online data and the optimal load restoration strategy in an uncertain condition. Besides, the optimal strategy is provided with adjustable robustness according to security requirements and data exactness. Therefore, it is particularly applicable for online load restoration with wind power penetration. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using the IEEE-30 bus test system and an actual power system from the North-East of Shandong province, China.

关键词： Conditional value-at-risk power system restoration uncertain decision wind uncertainty

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Confidence interval based distributionally robust real-time dispatch considering wind power uncertainty 8

Confidence interval based distributionally robust real-time ...

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8th Renewable power Generation Conference, RPG 2019

作者： Li, Peng Yang, Ming Yang, Jiajun Du, Pingjing Yan, Fangqing Zhu, Yi Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Shandong University Jinan250061 China Economic and Technology Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan250021 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839531255

A confidence interval based distributionally robust real-time dispatch (CI-DRTD) approach considering wind power uncertainty is proposed, which can strike a balance between the operational costs and risk even when the wind power probability distribution cannot be precisely estimated. Based on the imprecise probability theory, the confidence interval based ambiguity set of wind power uncertainty can be constructed. By the identification of the worst distribution, the original distributionally robust optimization problem can be reformulated as a robust economic dispatch problem. By using the algorithm developed in our previous work, the robust economic dispatch model can be reformulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem, for which off-the-shelf solvers are available. Case studies verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. © 2019 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind power

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Coordinated Restoration of Transmission and Distribution system Using Decentralized Scheme

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power systemS 2019年第5期34卷 3428-3442页

作者： Zhao, Jin Wang, Hongtao Liu, Yutian Wu, Qiuwei Wang, Zhaoyu Liu, Yao Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250000 Shandong Peoples R China Tech Univ Denmark Ctr Elect Power & Energy Dept Elect Engn DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Iowa State Univ Ames IA 50011 USA

This paper proposes a new decentralized restoration scheme in order to realize efficient coordinated restoration of the coupled transmission and distribution (TS-DS) system. First, considering the separated operation of the TS operator (TSO) and DS operators (DSOs) and to avoid the TSO data processing burden, the TS-DS system is divided into several subsystems according to their physical connection. Then, in order to implement the independent but coordinated decision-making of the subsystems, a decentralized decision-making framework is constructed by model decoupling and iterative interaction between TS and DS. Further-more, for the sake of the convergence of the iterative process with non-convex models, a new decentralized optimization method is developed to obtain the optimal coordinated restoration strategy of the TS-DS system. The proposed decentralized restoration scheme achieves independent decision-making of the TSO and DSOs in the coupled TS-DS system, and solves the non-convergence problem of the decentralized optimization method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using two IEEE standard test systems and a real-world power system.

关键词： Bulk power system coordinated restoration coordination of transmission and distribution systems power system restoration

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Calculation method of steady-state fault current for offshore wind farm

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第4期1885卷

作者： Weiying Miao Houlei Gao Bin Xu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250061 China

In order to improve the efficiency of solving the steady-state fault current of the offshore wind farm current collection system, In this method, the equivalent model of the PMSG and the VF control converter is established by taking into account the low-voltage ride-through in the case of failure. The Newton-Raphson method is used to iteratively calculate the fault equivalent network. By establishing a simulation model under PSCAD, the symmetric and asymmetrical faults in the collector system of a grid-connected permanent magnet wind turbine connected to the VSC-HVDC are simulated. Simulation results verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the calculation method.

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Hierarchical control of aluminum smelter loads for primary frequency support considering control cost

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL power & ENERGY systemS 2020年 122卷 106202-106202页

作者： Bao, Peng Zhang, Wen Cheng, Dingyi Liu, Meng Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ 17923 Jingshi Rd Jinan 250061 Peoples R China State Grid Shandong Elect Power Res Inst Jinan 250002 Shandong Peoples R China

Providing ancillary service with controllable loads has drawn increasing attention from academia and industry. This paper proposes a hierarchical control strategy for aluminum smelter loads (ASLs), a typical controllable load, to provide primary support in a cost-efficient way. At the higher level, the supervisory computer in the aluminum smelling plant (ASP) estimates the available power of ASLs and allocates the contracted reserve to ASLs by optimization. At the lower level, within the allocated reserve from the higher level, ASLs respond to frequency deviations automatically by changing their power consumption, which is implemented by a local control scheme based on a novel DC current control (DCC) scheme and a dynamic frequency threshold (DFT) approach. Compared with the existing PI-based DCC, the novel DCC employs model predictive control (MPC) to improve its transient performance. The DFT approach can avoid ASLs responding to frequency deviations in the serious anode effects (AE) situations. Case studies are carried out based on the data of an actual ASP. The results show that the hierarchically controlled ASLs can reduce the frequency drop with lower control cost and reduce the regulation dependency on the generation side. Besides, the high performance of the MPC-based DCC and the effectiveness of the DFT approach are also demonstrated.

关键词： Aluminum smelter load Frequency response Hierarchical control Model predictive control (MPC) Primary frequency control

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Location of Single Phase to Ground Faults in Distribution Networks Based on Synchronous Transients Energy Analysis

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2020年第1期11卷 774-785页

作者： Wang, Xuewen Zhang, Hengxu Shi, Fang Wu, Qiuwei Terzija, Vladimir Xie, Wei Fang, Chen Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Univ Manchester Sch Elect & Elect Engn Manchester M13 9P Lancs England Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Jinan 250061 Peoples R China State Grid Shanghai Municipal Elect Power Co Elect Power Res Inst Shanghai 200437 Peoples R China

As a result of small fault current, high level of noise and a large penetration of distributed generators (DG), in the neutral non-effectively grounded medium-voltage (MV) distribution networks, it is quite difficult to locate the faulted line section for single phase to ground faults. In this paper, using a technique based on synchronized measurements in distribution networks, a fault location method based on the analysis of the energy of the transient zero-sequence current in the selected frequency band (SFB) is proposed. The equivalent impedance of the distribution network with lateral branches is studied with an equivalent network, and the phase-frequency characteristics of the equivalent impedance are analyzed. The SFB, within which the transient energy of the faulty line section is larger than that of the healthy line sections is determined. A combined fault-section location criterion is proposed and the implementation scheme is illustrated with the distribution level phasor measurement units. Numerical simulations of the IEEE 34 node system and the field experiments of a 10kV distribution network validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Active distribution networks fault location neutral non-effectively grounded system single phase to ground faults transient zero-sequence current

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