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A multi-disaster-scenario distributionally robust planning model for enhancing the resilience of distribution systems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL power & ENERGY systemS 2020年 122卷

作者： Zhang, Gang Zhang, Feng Zhang, Xin Wu, Qiuwei Meng, Ke Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ 17923 Jingshi Rd Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Cranfield Univ Sch Water Energy & Environm Energy & Power Theme Cranfield MK43 0AL Beds England Tech Univ Denmark DTU Ctr Elect Power & Energy CEE Dept Elect Engn DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Univ New South Wales Sch Elect Engn & Telecommun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Resilience oriented network planning provides an effective solution to protect the distribution system from natural disasters by the pre-planned line hardening and backup generator allocation. In this paper, a multidisaster-scenario based distributionally robust planning model (MDS-DRM) is proposed to hedge against two types of natural disaster-related uncertainties: random offensive resources (ORs) of various natural disasters, and random probability distribution of line outages (PDLO) that are incurred by a certain natural disaster. The OR uncertainty is represented by the defined probability-weighted scenarios with stochastic programming, and the PDLO uncertainty is modeled as the moment based ambiguity sets. Moreover, the disaster recovery strategies of network reconfiguration and microgrid formation are integrated into the pre-disaster network planning for resilience enhancement in both planning and operation stages. Then, a novel primal cut based decomposition solution method is proposed to improve the computational efficiency of the proposed model. In particular, the equivalent reformulation of the original MDS-DRM is first derived to eliminate the PDLO-related variables. Then, the reformulation problem is solved by the proposed primal cut based decomposition method and linearization techniques. Finally, Simulation results are demonstrated for IEEE 13-node, 33-node and 135-node distribution systems to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing the disaster-induced network resilience.

关键词： Distributionally robust method Resilience Network planning power distribution system Stochastic programming Uncertainty

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A Pilot DC Line Protection Scheme for Multi-Terminal HVDC Grid

A Pilot DC Line Protection Scheme for Multi-Terminal HVDC Gr...

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IEEE power and Energy Society General Meeting

作者： Qiang Huang Guibin Zou Bin Xu Jun Li Shuo Zhang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education (Shandong University) Ji'nan Shandong Province China State Grid Weihai Electric Power Company Weihai Shandong Province China

Pilot protection is indispensable in multi-terminal HVDC grid to ensure its safe operation. This paper proposes a pilot protection method based on voltage polarities of current-limiting reactors at the ends of DC lines. Analysis shows that the voltage polarities of terminal reactors at the two ends of DC lines are both positive when internal fault occurs, while they are opposite for external faults. Based on the aforementioned characteristic difference, a pilot protection criterion is built to distinguish internal fault from external fault. To avoid mal operation of the healthy pole generated by the coupling effect, the fault voltage of current-limiting reactor is integrated, and its polarity can be identified based on the integration value. At last, a four-terminal modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based HVDC grid simulation model is built in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the simulation results verified the effectiveness of the protection method.

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MPC-Based Coordinated Voltage Regulation for Distribution Networks With Distributed Generation and Energy Storage system

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2019年第4期10卷 1731-1739页

作者： Guo, Yifei Wu, Qiuwei Gao, Houlei Chen, Xinyu Ostergaard, Jacob Xin, Huanhai Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn Ctr Elect & Energy DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn Ctr Elect Power & Energy DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Harvard Univ Sch Engn & Appl Sci Harvard China Project Cambridge MA 02138 USA Zhejiang Univ Coll Elect Engn Hangzhou 310027 Zhejiang Peoples R China

This paper presents a model predictive control (MPC)-based coordinated voltage control scheme for distribution networks with high penetration of distributed generation (DG) and energy storage. In this scheme, the DG units, energy storage devices, and on-load tap changer are optimally coordinated to maintain all bus voltages in the network within a permissible range. To better coordinate the economical operation and voltage regulation, two control modes are designed according to the operating conditions. In the preventive mode, the DG units operate in the maximum power point tracking mode. State-of-charge of energy storage system (ESS) units and power outputs of DG and ESS units are optimized whilemaintaining the voltages within the feasible range. In the corrective mode, active power curtailment of DG units is also used as a necessary method to correct the severe voltage deviations. The voltage sensitivity coefficients with respect to the power injections and tap changes are updated in real time using an analytical sensitivity calculation method to improve the computation efficiency. A test system consisting of two 20-kV feeders fed from the same substation based on a real distribution network was used to validate the proposed coordinated voltage control scheme under both normal and large-disturbance conditions.

关键词： Active power curtailment distribution generation (DG) distribution network energy storage model predictive control (MPC) reactive power control voltage control

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A Gate Driver of SiC MOSFET for Suppressing the Negative Voltage Spikes in a Bridge Circuit

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power ELECTRONICS 2018年第3期33卷 2339-2353页

作者： Gao, Feng Zhou, Qi Wang, Panrui Zhang, Chenghui Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China Jiangsu Elect Power Co Res Inst Nanjing 211103 Jiangsu Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Control Sci & Engn Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China

SiC MOSFET has low on-state resistance and can work on high switching frequency, high voltage, and some other tough conditions with less temperature drift, which could provide the significant improvement of power density in power converters. However, for the bridge circuit in an actual converter, high dv/dt during fast switching transient of one MOSFET will amplify the negative influence of parasitic components and produce the significant negative voltage spikes on the complementary MOSFET, which will threaten its safe operation. This paper proposes a new gate driver circuit for SiC MOSFET to attenuate the negative voltage spikes in a bridge circuit. The proposed gate driver adopts a simple voltage dividing circuit to generate a negative gate-source voltage as traditional and a passive triggered transistor with a series-connected capacitor to suppress the negative voltage spikes, which could satisfy the stringent requirements of fast switching SiC MOSFETs under the high dc voltage condition with low cost and less complexity. An analysis is presented in this paper based on the simulation and experimental results with the performance comparison evaluated.

关键词： Auxiliary transistor bridge configuration gate driver SiC MOSFET

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High Impedance Fault Detection Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Teager-Kaiser Energy Operators for Distribution Network

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2019年第6期10卷 6041-6054页

作者： Wang, Xiaowei Gao, Jie Wei, Xiangxiang Song, Guobing Wu, Lei Liu, Jingwei Zeng, Zhihui Kheshti, Mostafa Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Henan Polytech Univ Sch Elect Engn & Automat Jiaozuo 454000 Henan Peoples R China Zhejiang Elect Power Co State Grid Wenzhou Power Supply Co Wenzhou 325000 Peoples R China Tech Univ Berlin Fac Elect Engn & Comp Sci D-10623 Berlin Germany Zhuhai Xuji Elect Co Dept Res & Dev Zhuhai 519000 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Peoples R China

The focus of the paper is the difficulty of high impedance fault (HIF) detection in distribution network, and its ease to be confused with capacitor switching (CS) and load switching (LS). Based on the intermittent reignition and extinction characteristics of HIF current, this paper proposes a novel HIF detection method, which combines variational mode decomposition (VMD) and Teager-Kaiser energy operators (TKEOs). The HIF detection method is as follows: First, perform the VMD on transient zero sequence currents to obtain the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and select the IMFs with the largest kurtosis value as the characteristic IMFs. Second, calculate the characteristic IMFs to obtain TKEOs and divide into subintervals of TKEOs waveform to calculate the time entropy values. Finally, construct HIF detection criterion as follows: when time entropy value is 0, it is judged as CS or LS. When the entropy value is not 0, it is judged as HIF. A large number of simulations and field data tests show that the method is accurate and stable, and under the interference of 1 dB strong noise, it can accurately judge. Compared with other methods, the method has higher feature extraction accuracy, less calculation time, and better judgment accuracy.

关键词： High impedance fault variational mode decomposition intrinsic mode function Teager-Kaiser energy operators time entropy

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Coordinated Frequency control Strategy of BESS integrating high proportion of Wind power plant with a Steam turbine

Coordinated Frequency Control Strategy of BESS integrating h...

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International Conference on power system Technology (powerCON)

作者： Ochani, Manesh Kumar Zhang, Hengxu Rafiq, Hasan Nawaz, Aamir Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538664612

Many inverters nowadays have the ability to control the output power from the renewables sources. They all are mainly PI-based controllers and have been proved to provide stable and controllable power to the output. These inverters are known as Synthetic inverters because they provide synthetic inertia to the power system. The main problem arising from implementing the Synthetic inverters is that the renewables cannot always work on MPPT, some power must be reserved that can provide inertia to the system. In many ways, this residual power is wasted during the low demand, which means that cost of electricity would be increased. A new research has been carried out on BESS to provide the synthetic inertia. BESS can emulate the internal response just like conventional power plants (CPP) as well as synthetic inverters. In this paper BESS providing PFR (Primary frequency Response), IR (Inertial Response), and DR (Damping Response) is implemented and its effect on wind and steam turbines are analyzed with simulations.

关键词： Battery Energy Storage system (BESS) Primary Frequency response Inertial response Damping Response Non-inertial nature (NIN)

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Bi-level decentralised active power control for large-scale wind farm cluster

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IET RENEWABLE power GENERATION 2018年第13期12卷 1486-1492页

作者： Huang, Sheng Wu, Qiuwei Guo, Yifei Lin, Zhongwei Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn Copenhagen Denmark Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250061 Shandong Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ Sch Control & Comp Engn State Key Lab Alternate Elect Power Syst Renewabl Beijing 102206 Peoples R China

This study presents a bi-level decentralised active power control (DAPC) for a large-scale wind farm cluster (WFC), consisting of several wind farms for better active power dispatch. In the upper level, a distributed active power control scheme based on the distributed consensus is designed to achieve fair active power sharing among multiple wind farms, which generates the power reference for each wind farm. A distributed estimator is used to estimate the total available power of all wind farms. In the lower level, a centralised control scheme based on the model predictive control is proposed to regulate active power outputs of all wind turbines (WTs) within a wind farm, which reduces the fatigue loads of WTs while tracking the power reference obtained from the upper-level control. A WFC with 8 wind farms and totally 160 WTs, was used to test the control performance of the proposed DAPC scheme.

关键词： decentralised control load flow control wind turbines wind power plants power generation control power generation dispatch distributed control predictive control centralised control bi-level decentralised active power control large-scale wind farm cluster DAPC scheme WFC active power dispatch distributed active power control scheme distributed consensus fair active power sharing distributed estimator centralised control scheme model predictive control active power output regulation wind turbines fatigue load reduction power reference tracking upper-level control

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Voltage pole-wave protection scheme for multi-terminal DC grid

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JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE 2019年第16期2019卷 806-811页

作者： Xie, Zhongrun Zou, Guibin Gao, Lei Zhang, Jie Gao, Houlei Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan Shandong Peoples R China State Grid Jinan Elect Power Co Jinan Shandong Peoples R China

With the rapid development of flexible DC transmission and multi-terminal high voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) (MTDC) grid, the protection schemes of flexible DC transmission lines are still the traditional methods, which do not achieve the properties of fast and selective operation in the DC grid. In this study, using Zhangbei MTDC grid as the research object, the fast protection of DC transmission lines of MTDC grid has been studied. First, the voltage response characteristics of fault line and non-fault line at the boundary of DC lines are analysed. On the basis of this, using wavelet transform to extract the characteristic value of voltage pole-wave, this study put forward a high-speed non-unit protection criterion to identify the internal and external faults. In addition, two auxiliary criteria are constructed to identify lightning disturbance and faulted pole, respectively. Finally, a simulation model of Zhangbei MTDC grid is constructed, and the effectiveness of the proposed protection scheme is verified by extensive simulation results.

关键词： power transmission faults power transmission lines wavelet transforms lightning protection power transmission protection HVDC power transmission power grids high-speed nonunit protection criterion internal faults external faults Zhangbei MTDC grid voltage pole-wave protection scheme multiterminal DC grid flexible DC transmission lines selective operation fast protection voltage response characteristics fault line DC lines multiterminal HVDC flexible DC transmission

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Maintenance Scheduling of power Equipment Considering Opportunistic Maintenance Strategy

Maintenance Scheduling of Power Equipment Considering Opport...

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作者： Bo Xu Yumin Zhang Kongming Sun State Grid Energy Research Institute Co. Ltd. Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute

This paper investigates the impact of opportunistic maintenance strategy on power equipment maintenance scheduling under economic *** model focuses on power equipment with two types of failures:random failure and deterioration *** previous research which didn't consider opportunistic maintenance between different failures modes,opportunistic maintenance strategy is proposed in this *** the opportunistic maintenance strategy,whenever random failure occurs,decision has to be made on whether deterioration failure is preventively maintained based on the degree of equipment deterioration and economic ***,Markov process is used to describe equipment state-space *** then,in order to determine the optimal inspection rate,preventive maintenance threshold and opportunistic maintenance threshold of power equipment,the analytical expressions of inspection cost,maintenance cost,repair cost and outage cost are ***,the total cost is minimized to get the optimal maintenance *** studies demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model.

关键词： Maintenance Scheduling of power Equipment Considering Opportunistic Maintenance Strategy

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Optimization of Energy Storage Capacity to Smooth Wind power Fluctuation

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期687卷

作者： Zenggong Cao Chunyi Wang Bo Peng Yasong Wang Peng Du Yinglei Guo Zhen Wei Xiaoming Dong State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan Shandong Province 250001 China Qingdao Electric Power Supply Company of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Qingdao Shandong Province 266002 China Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan Shandong Province 250061 China

The uncertainty and randomness of wind power generation bring hidden trouble to the safe operation of power distribution network. Combining energy storage system with wind power generation can effectively improve the output characteristics of wind power generation. In this paper, considering the investment cost of energy storage and the effect of suppressing the fluctuation of wind power output, the optimization of energy storage capacity under the scenario of wind power grid connection is studied. Firstly, the multi-objective capacity optimization model of the energy storage system is established to minimize the cost of the energy storage system and the variance of wind power system output equipped with energy storage. Then, the multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into a single objective optimization problem by introducing the weight coefficient of the objective function and the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is used to solve the problem. Finally, through the test of IEEE-33 bus distribution network system, the relationship curve between energy storage capacity and wind power fluctuation suppression effect is obtained. The results of numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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