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Incremental Model Evolution for power system Security Early Warning Based on Knowledge Distillation and Active Learning

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS 2024年第11期20卷 12958-12968页

作者： Yan, Jiongcheng Li, Changgang Liu, Yutian Yu, Dongxiao Jia, Zhiping Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Engn Res Ctr Data chain Minist Educ Qingdao 266237 Peoples R China

Security early warning is crucial for resisting power system risk. To deal with renewable uncertainty, offline trained early-warning models need to be evolved incrementally. Catastrophic forgetting is main obstacle of model evolution. With the evolution times of early-warning models increasing, the capability of existing methods to mitigate catastrophic forgetting gradually decreases. Knowledge distillation can transfer the learned knowledge from the previous model to the updated model. To mitigate catastrophic forgetting, an incremental model evolution method for security early warning based on knowledge distillation and active learning is proposed. First, an incremental style-based generative adversarial network is formulated to generate renewable power scenarios, which utilizes knowledge distillation to retain previously learned knowledge. An improved concept drift detection method is proposed to determine model evolution moment. Then, an incremental deep regression model based on stacked target-related denoising autoencoder and knowledge distillation is constructed to assess system security index. Finally, active learning is deployed to select informative new samples and solve the objective conflict problem of knowledge distillation. Simulation results of a provincial grid in China demonstrate that proposed method can constantly improve early warning accuracy and effectively retain knowledge learned by previous samples. The proposed method can improve the adaptability of early-warning models to actual power system operating conditions, which enhances the intelligence level of security analysis to copy with renewable uncertainty.

关键词： Active learning catastrophic forgetting knowledge distillation power system security renewable power Active learning catastrophic forgetting knowledge distillation power system security renewable power

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Open-source short-circuit current solver for power systems with renewable energy sources and HVDC links

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL power & ENERGY systemS 2025年 167卷

作者： Wang, Jian Li, Changgang Yang, Junjun Qi, Hang Hua, Wen Dong, Wei Ye, Lin Terzija, Vladimir Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250061 Peoples R China State Grid Zhejiang Elect Power Co Ltd Res Inst Hangzhou 310014 Peoples R China State Grid Zhejiang Elect Power Co Ltd Dispatch & Control Ctr Hangzhou 310014 Peoples R China Newcastle Univ Sch Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU England

Large-scale integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) links have changed the power system short-circuit current (SCC) level significantly. Traditional SCC solvers for systems dominated by synchronous generators are no longer applicable. This paper provides an open-source SCC solver based on Simulation Toolkit for Electrical power systems (STEPS). It supports SCC analysis for power systems with RES and HVDC and allows customized extensions for emerging RES and HVDC control models. In the solver, the sequence models are created for RES and HVDC to support the research on changes in SCC characteristics. To speed up the calculation of equivalent impedance for different fault locations, a new method without adding new bus at the fault location is proposed. The solver provides iterative SCC calculation and direct solving functionality with a range of additional features. Flexible options are provided and configurable to cope with different calculation scenarios. The accuracy of the SCC solver is compared with PSS/E. Meanwhile, numerical examples considering RES and HVDC links are provided to demonstrate the practicality of the solver.

关键词： Short-circuit analysis Open-source Renewable energy source HVDC STEPS

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A Practical Feeder Planning Model for Urban Distribution system

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power systemS 2023年第2期38卷 1297-1308页

作者： Wang, Mingqiang Yang, Ming Fang, Zhen Wang, Mengxia Wu, Qiuwei Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250002 Shandong Peoples R China Tech Univ Denmark Dept Elect Engn Lyngby 2800 Denmark

There is a significant gap between academic research and practical application for power distribution system planning (PDSP). For most of the existing PDSP models in academic research, cost is used as the objective function, and the most common constraints are power flow equality constraints, bus voltage or voltage drop limits, substation and feeder capacity limits, etc. Although various advanced models and methods have been proposed, they are rarely used in real distribution system companies. This paper proposes a new feeder planning model for the urban distribution network considering various practical requirements. According to field investigation, "supply electricity to loads using nearby power sources " is used as the objective, and it is analytically expressed by load moment. Block loads, practical street layout, meshed network configuration, connection mode of feeders, non-crossing requirement of feeders, power supply radius, etc., are all respected and embedded in the model. The proposed model is recast as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, and it can be solved by the state-of-art commercial solver. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed model are illustrated on a 9-block test system and a real 22-block district distribution system.

关键词： Planning Costs Layout Load modeling Junctions Substations Distribution networks Block loads connection mode mixed integer linear programming street layout urban distribution network planning

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Distributionally Robust Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Uncertainty of Contingency Probability

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Journal of Modern power systems and Clean Energy 2022年第4期10卷 894-901页

作者： Weilun Wang Mingqiang Wang Xueshan Han Ming Yang Qiuwei Wu Ran Li Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250002China Department of Electrical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkRegion HovedstadenDenmark

The outage of power system equipment is one of the most important factors that affect the reliability and economy of power *** is crucial to consider the influence of contingencies elaborately in planning *** this paper,a distributionally robust transmission expansion planning model is proposed in which the uncertainty of contingency probability is *** uncertainty of contingency probability is described by uncertainty interval based on the outage rate of single *** epigraph reformulation and Benders decomposition are applied to solve the proposed ***,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are illustrated on the IEEE RTS system and the IEEE 118-bus system.

关键词： Benders decomposition distributionally robust equipment outage rate transmission expansion planning

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Distributionally Robust Unit Commitment Considering Unimodality-Skewness Information of Wind power Uncertainty

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power systemS 2023年第6期38卷 5420-5431页

作者： Zhou, Anping Yang, Ming Zheng, Xiaodong Yin, Shengfei Southern Methodist Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Dallas TX 75205 USA Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Peoples R China

The deepening penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power grids imposes remarkable challenges that merit special attention. In this paper, we work out a distributionally robust chance-constrained (DRCC) day-ahead unit commitment problem while the stochasticity and variability arising from RESs are taken into consideration. The developed framework optimizes the expected objective function and stipulates that the DRCCs will hold within a moment-based ambiguity set, which additionally incorporates the unimodality information and mode skewness. The employed ambiguity set can not only account for the wind power uncertainty but also expressly alleviate the conservatism compared with the single moment metric. By deriving efficient mathematical reformulations to tackle the expected objective function and DRCCs, the proposed model is reduced to an exact mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem that can readily be implemented. Numerical experiments are carried out on two representative test systems to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the suggested methodology.

关键词： Chance-constrained programming conic reformulation day-ahead unit commitment distributionally robust optimization renewable energy

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Wideband Synchronous Measurement-Based Detection and Location of High Impedance Fault for Resonant Distribution systems With Integration of DERs

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID 2023年第2期14卷 1117-1134页

作者： Wei, Mingjie Shi, Fang Zhang, Hengxu Chen, Weijiang Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250061 Peoples R China State Grid Corp China Beijing 100031 Peoples R China

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the distribution system has caused interference with the signals stimulated by high impedance faults (HIFs). Many existing HIF detection or location methods that are only based on the superficial nonlinearity features of signals rather than the deep laws, will become invalid. This paper proposes a detection and location scheme for HIFs by theoretically analyzing the relationships between signals and systems. By establishing the equivalent circuit of a resonant distribution system, an online method to calculate the kernel system parameters is proposed, based on which an adaptive criterion for HIF detection is provided. In this way, the ability to detect HIF is adequately exploited and independent of DER influences. The method is able to detect HIF over 8.5 k Omega under common operating conditions. Furthermore, the nonlinearity of HIF is analyzed by deriving laws about how wideband signals distribute in the system. The 3rd harmonic component of zero-sequence signals is proved to be superior in HIF location in terms of signal content and discrimination, which is also demonstrated to be valid under the influence of DER harmonic injection. On this basis, a HIF location method utilizing the 3rd harmonic zero-sequence signals is proposed. The effectiveness of the method and its robustness to the DER interference are validated by simulated and field HIFs in 10kV systems.

关键词： Harmonic analysis Circuit faults Resistance Impedance Feature extraction Transformers Wideband DER resonant distribution system high impedance fault fault detection fault location nonlinearity

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Mechanism and Methods for Fault Recovery of Grid-Forming Inverter by Graphical Illustration

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IEEE Transactions on power systems 2025年第2期40卷 1973-1976页

作者： Yang, Jialun Ye, Hua Wang, Yantuan Liu, Yutian Li, Yujun Du, Zhengchun Shandong Research Institute of Industrial Technology Jinan250061 China Shandong University Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of Education Jinan250061 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Electrical Engineering Xi'an710049 China

The existing priority-based current limiting control (CLC) for grid-forming (GFM) inverters may lead to failures in fault recovery, including being locked in CLC and mode oscillation between CLC and constant voltage control (CVC). To resolve these problems, this letter first reveals the fault recovery mechanism of droop controlled GFM inverters by illustrating the conditions of three fault recovery states in the phasor diagram. Then, two methods including determination of the optimal range of current angle and upper limit of saturation block are presented to guarantee successful fault recovery of GFM inverters. The correctness of theoretical analyses is verified and validated by multiple experimental tests. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fault current limiters

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Risk-aware Distributed Optimal power Flow in Coordinated Transmission and Distribution system

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Journal of Modern power systems and Clean Energy 2021年第3期9卷 502-515页

作者： Aamir Nawaz Hongtao Wang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250000China

Active distribution grids cause bi-directional power flow between transmission system(TS)and distribution system(DS),which not only affects the optimal cost but also the secure operation of the power *** paper proposes a hybrid coordination method to solve the risk-aware distributed optimal power flow(RA-DOPF)problem in coordinated TS and *** operation risk evaluation,the weather-based contingencies are considered in both TS and DS.A hybrid coordination method is developed that entails analytical target cascading(ATC)and Benders decomposition(BD).Moreover,the risk-aware optimal power flow(RAOPF)in TS and risk-based security-constrained optimal power flow in DS have been performed using the BD method considering basic optimal power flow as a master problem,whereas N-1 and N-2 contingencies are considered as *** case studies are performed using the IEEE 30-bus system with generation reserves as a TS and a 13-bus system as a *** results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.

关键词： Analytical target cascading Benders decomposition distribution system preventive and corrective contingen-cies risk awareness transmission system

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Fast Transient Voltage Stability Assessment for Complex Receiving-End power Grid 7

Fast Transient Voltage Stability Assessment for Complex Rece...

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7th International Conference on power and Energy Applications, ICPEA 2024

作者： Liu, Xiyang Liu, Tianhao Liu, Yutian Li, Zhendong Shandong University Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of Education Jinan China Laiwu Power Supply Company State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Laiwu China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356113

The continuous increase of new energy generation and AC-DC interconnection make the transient voltage stability of the receiving-end power grid more and more complicated. In order to realize the rapid assessment of transient voltage stability, a one-dimensional Convolutional Neutral Network (CNN) for transient voltage stability assessment (TVSA) is constructed by selecting the features reasonably on the basis of using the Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) algorithm to partition the receiving-end grid. In order to enhance the assessment work, the Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) algorithm is utilized to find out the concerns of the model to features, and the model knowledge of the neural network is analyzed on the basis of surveying on a large number of samples. Based on the transient voltage stability mechanism and the concerns of deep learning model, the factors that cause transient voltage instability are analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the case study of a provincial grid in eastern China. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Transient stability

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Sequential power Flow Calculation for AC/DC Hybrid systems with Multi-terminal LCC-HVDC 6

Sequential Power Flow Calculation for AC/DC Hybrid Systems w...

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6th Asia Energy and Electrical Engineering Symposium (AEEES)

作者： Wang, Peng Su, Ruiyang Wang, Jian Qi, Hang Sun, Runjia Li, Changgang Zhai, Hefeng Tian, Baoye Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan Peoples R China CSG State Key Lab HVDC Elect Power Res Inst Guangzhou Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373486;9798350373479

Line Commutated Converter based-high voltage direct current (LCC-HVDC) systems are an important support for large-scale renewable energy transmission. Compared with two-terminal LCC-HVDC, multi-terminal LCC-HVDC systems are flexible in control and reliable in power supply. However, the integration of multi-terminal LCC-HVDC brings great complexity to the operation modes and power flow of power systems. Therefore, it is very important to resolve the power flow calculation problems of AC/DC hybrid systems containing multi-terminal LCC-HVDC. This paper proposed a sequential power flow calculation algorithm for multi-terminal LCC-HVDC. Firstly, a steady-state model of multi-terminal LCC-HVDC was proposed considering control modes. Secondly, based on the steady-state model, a power flow calculation algorithm for AC/DC hybrid power systems containing multi-terminal LCC-HVDC is designed with sequential iteration methods. Finally, two cases with two-terminal and three terminal LCC-HVDC are tested to verify the accuracy of the proposed model and algorithm.

关键词： LCC-HVDC multi-terminal DC grids power flow calculation sequential iteration methods

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