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Risk assessment of power imbalance for power systems with wind power integration considering governor ramp rate of conventional units

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ELECTRIC power systemS RESEARCH 2023年第1期217卷

作者： Wang, Yanwen Sun, Yanying Li, Yalong Feng, Chen Chen, Peng China Univ Min & Technol Beijing Sch Mech Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Peoples R China

The uncertainty of wind power output leads to an increased probability of supply-demand imbalance in the power system, while wind turbines operating at constant output weaken the frequency response capability of the system, leading to a system more prone to wind power curtailment and load shedding. Most studies on risk assessment of power system focus on the adequacy of frequency response capacity, with less attention to response speed. Therefore, a risk assessment method considering the governor ramp rate of conventional units is proposed. A comprehensive risk index is devised considering wind power curtailment, load shedding, and redispatch cost of conventional units. An optimal power flow model that considers the governor ramp rate of conventional units is proposed to quantify the consequences of the stochastic system states at the assessment time. The proposed method was analysed and validated based on the IEEE reliability test system. The results show that the optimal power flow model considering the governor ramp rate of conventional units can judge the consequences of stochastic states more rigorously to prevent underestimation of the risk. The proposed method can reflect the variation of risk with wind power level and load level, providing reference for scheduling plans.

关键词： power system Wind power integration Governor ramp rate Risk assessment

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Customer-oriented energy demand management of grid connected microgrids

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH 2021年第13期45卷 18695-18712页

作者： Kumar, Rangu Seshu Raghav, Lolla Phani Raju, Dhenuvakonda Koteswara Singh, Arvind R. Natl Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Silchar Asam India Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Shanda NanluQianfoshan Campus Jinan 250100 Shandong Peoples R China

The consumers' active participation in production and energy consumption in response to market changes is an integral characteristic of the smart grid paradigm. In other words, their role in energy trading, either at the individual capacity or as aggregators, will shape the future of fulfilling energy needs. Despite the foreseen technological advancements, the design and implementation of demand response programs (DRPs) with accurate customer responsiveness have remained essential for network operators. Moreover, with non-dispatchable energy sources' involvement, DRPs play a vital role in shaping the load profile and minimizing the operating costs. It calls for a need to develop a suitable energy management system (EMS) to promote consumers' active participation. With this sense, the incentive-based DRPs are incorporated into the microgrid EMS to investigate their impact on day-ahead scheduling costs and managing consumers load profile. A stochastic-based EMS framework is proposed to this end, and five distinct types of DRPs are implemented on a practical microgrid network, including commercial, industrial, and residential loads. The flexible price elasticity concept is adopted to model the realistic behavior of price responsive loads under different DRPs. Finally, the recently reported novel optimizer is employed to solve the proposed EMS problem and investigate the flexible price model's impact on optimizing the grid-connected microgrid's daily operating costs. The obtained simulation results are compared with the existing state-of-the-art metaheuristic optimizers to test the attributes related to solution efficiency and convergence rate.

关键词： black widow optimization demand response programs flexible price elasticity microgrid energy management

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Distributed real-time state estimation of integrated power and gas system

Distributed real-time state estimation of integrated power a...

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CIRED 2022 Shanghai Workshop

作者： J. Lian W. Zhang Q. Zhao T. Zhang School of Electrical Engineering Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China

The integrated power and gas system (IPGS) is drawing a lot of attention owing to its superiority in improving energy efficiency. State estimation plays an important role in monitoring the states of IPGS. Considering the different time constants of the IPGS and privacy issues, this paper proposes a distributed real-time state estimation (D-RTSE) method of IPGS based on a cubature Kalman filter (CKF). First, a difference-based model is established for the gas system to depict its slow dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, an RTSE method based on CKF is developed for the IPGS to deal with the system nonlinearity while integrating both the historical and present measurement information. Then, a distributed scheme is designed for the RTSE of the IPGS to enhance computational efficiency and address privacy issues. The 13-bus power system and the 7-node gas system are integrated as the test system. Test results show that the proposed D-RTSE method can efficiently estimate the accurate states of IPGS.

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Equivalent Value Evaluation of Wind Coal Based on Multi-Scenario Stochastic Programming

Equivalent Value Evaluation of Wind Coal Based on Multi-Scen...

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International Conference on power system Technology (powerCON)

作者： Zhi Li Yuanyuan Wang Xinyan Su Xiangzhen Ji Guannan Bao Juncheng Si Li Zhang Power Dispatching Control Center State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan China Dongying Power Supply Company State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Dongying China Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Shandong University Jinan China

The diversity of power supply structure increases the diversity of power generation resources, but it also brings the problem of how to correctly understand the value of power supply. In particular, to implement the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, not only the power generation cost but also its carbon reduction effect should be considered in the value of power generation resources. In view of the conversion of wind-coal value, this paper refers to the concept of the water-coal conversion coefficient, proposes the wind-coal value conversion coefficient, and establishes its analysis method, so as to realize the reasonable evaluation of the value of wind power and coal power in new power system dispatching. Based on the analysis of the technical characteristics of wind power generation, the prediction error of wind power was modeled using the scenario generation method, and carbon cost and green certificate revenue were introduced to construct a multi-scenario stochastic planning and scheduling model with the minimum total cost of electricity purchase. The model was solved based on the KKT condition, and the explicit expression of the wind-coal value conversion coefficient was derived by the Lagrange multiplier. Finally, a 4-unit system is taken as an example to verify that the proposed wind-coal value conversion coefficient can realize the equivalent value evaluation of wind coal, and the influence of the inequality constraint reaching the limit on the wind-coal value conversion coefficient is further discussed.

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The Simulation of power Grid Cooperative Operation in Market Environment

The Simulation of Power Grid Cooperative Operation in Market...

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IEEE IAS Conference on Industrial and Commercial power system Asia (IEEE I and CPS Asia)

作者： Yun, Jiangyang Yang, Ming Huang, Shiying Zhang, Changhang Li, Peng Cao, Jingyu Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan Peoples R China Shuifa Planning & Design Co Ltd Jinan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665434980

A new reform for electric power organizational structure has been promoted comprehensively in China, and each pilot area combined with their own characteristics to formulate the relevant operation rules and design electric power spot market technical support system. In this paper, a simulation system for the electricity spot market is developed based on multiple programming languages, such as Java, Python. And hierarchical framework design for the simulation system is proposed. Meanwhile, the system modules are decoupled and can be adjusted quickly under different operating environments. The simulation process and results of this system are presented on Web. The medium and long-term trading simulation experiments were carried out through this system, and the results show that this system can restore the actual situation of market trading to a certain extent.

关键词： electricity market spot market simulation system hierarchical framework intelligent agent

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EV Charging Load Forecasting Method Considering Time-of-Use Price and Meteorological Factors

EV Charging Load Forecasting Method Considering Time-of-Use ...

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IEEE International Conference on power and Energy Applications (ICPEA)

作者： Guangxiao Li Yilu Yang Chunyi Wang Ziyu Xu Yue Wang Yutian Liu Development Planning Department State Grid Jining Power Supply Company Jining China Development Planning Department State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan China Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan China

ISBN: (数字)9798350356113

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356120

The randomness of load fluctuations at electric vehicle (EV) charging stations presents a significant challenge for the accurate load forecasting. Considering time-of-use (TOU) price and meteorological factors, EV charging load forecasting method for EV charging station is proposed. First, the factors affecting charging load are analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the maximum information coefficient (MIC). key factors such as TOU price, temperature, weekday type, and recent historical load data are determined. Next, convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to extract important features and capture complex nonlinear relationships from key factors. Finally, the extracted features are processed by gated recurrent unit (GRU) network to forecast charging load at different time scales. Case study is conducted using load data from EV charging station with a capacity of 1800 kW. The results demonstrate that the CNN-GRU model significantly improves forecasting accuracy at 4h, 24h, 72h, and 168h forecasting lengths compared to other models.

关键词： Temperature distribution Accuracy Load forecasting Meteorological factors Predictive models Feature extraction Electric vehicle charging Convolutional neural networks Forecasting Load modeling

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Optimal energy management of microgrids-integrated nonconvex distributed generating units with load dynamics

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH 2021年第13期45卷 18919-18934页

作者： Raghav, Lolla Phani Rangu, Seshu Kumar Dhenuvakonda, Koteswara Raju Singh, Arvind R. Natl Inst Technol Silchar Dept Elect Engn Silchar Assam India Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Qianfoshan Campus Jinan 250100 Shandong Peoples R China

Microgrid (MG) energy management is a complex task for MG operators to integrate and utilize consumer-based power sources. The MG energy management systems' problem will become tedious by considering distributed generation (DG) units' nonconvex characteristics. Therefore, a novel attempt is made to solve the day-ahead dispatch problem of grid-connected MG with the nonconvex cost function of DG units, including weekend and weekday load dynamics. At first, the utility-induced flexible load shaping strategy is implemented to enhance the DG units' operation cost and reduce the peak loads. Then, demand-side management (DSM) programs are plausibly the essential form of energy management to regulate the consumers' energy usage without violating grid price policies. Next, the DSM program is implemented to study the impact of DSM participation levels with convex and nonconvex cost functions. Further, the day-ahead scheduling time duration with a resolution of 15 minutes is considered to examine the impact of a typical weekend and weekday load dynamics on DG units' nonconvex cost function. Finally, the Quantum Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization algorithm (QTLA) is devised to handle the nonconvex cost function of DG units and optimize MG's total operating costs for the first time. The proposed QTLA algorithm is compared with other metaheuristic optimization techniques such as differential evolution (DE), real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA), and Teaching-Learning-based Optimization (TLBO). The results show that the proposed strategy reduces the MG operating cost by 3.14% compared to the case study, where no DSM participation is considered. Finally, the QTLA algorithm outperforms in terms of efficacy, convergence characteristics, and computational time.

关键词： demand-side management dynamic loading microgrid energy management nonconvex cost function Quantum Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization

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A Min-Max Closed-Loop PLL-GSPWM for Circulating Leakage Currents Attenuation in PV Station

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power ELECTRONICS 2021年第9期36卷 10224-10238页

作者： Xu, Tao Gao, Feng Zhou, Kangjia Tan, Pengfei Zhang, Chenghui Chi, Enxian Shandong Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Sch Control Sci & Engn Jinan 250061 Peoples R China Shandong Hoteam Elect Co Ltd Jinan 250061 Peoples R China

Traditionally, photovoltaic (PV) inverters assume the specific topologies or transformer to attenuate the circulating leakage current. Alternatively, the circulating leakage current in PV station can also be attenuated by pushing the inverters' carrier angle being zero degree in theory, which however is too hard to be realized because it relies on additional low-latency communication channels. Being different, this article proposes a min-max closed-loop phase-locked-loop based global synchronous pulsewidth modulation method for circulating leakage current attenuation in PV station. In specific, the circulating leakage currents of parallel-connected PV inverters can be treated as a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system. Then, this article analyzes the relationship between the phase shift values of carriers and the leakage current. Next, the dominating carrier phase shift value for the maximum leakage current is analyzed and selected. Doing so, the MIMO system is simplified as a single-input single-output system and then the perturbation and observation algorithm can be assumed to minimize the circulating leakage current. It is noted that the proposed method does not need low-latency communication channels to synchronize the carrier phase angles and immune the uncertain operation parameters. Experimental prototype with four down-scale inverters verified the performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Pulse width modulation Attenuation Inverters Topology Leakage currents Synchronization Low latency communication Circulating leakage current global synchronous pulsewidth modulation (PWM) min-max closed-loop control PV station

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Perception and decision-making for demand response based on dynamic classification of consumers

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL power & ENERGY systemS 2023年第1期148卷

作者： Xu, Guangda Liu, Liang Lu, Yi Zhao, Yuan Zhang, Li Song, Shihang North China Elect Power Res Inst Co Ltd State Grid Jibei Elect Power Res Inst Beijing 100045 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Key Lab Power Syst Intelligent Dispatch & Control Minist Educ Jinan 250061 Peoples R China

Demand response plays a significant role in improving electricity market efficiency and keeping power system stability. Load aggregators can provide reliable resource for power balance and auxiliary services by integrating dispersed responsive loads. In order to meet the aggregators' requirement of timeliness and accuracy in the real-time demand response market, a method of perception and decision-making for demand response based on dynamic classification of consumer is proposed. The price elasticity of electricity demand is calculated based on continuously updated trading experience and applied as a classification criterion. Consumers are dynamically classified by self-organizing maps algorithm to perceive consumers' responsive ability. Furthermore, the inter -action model of aggregator and consumers in market environment is constructed, and deep reinforcement learning is applied to solve the trading strategy in the uncertain market with incomplete information. Simula-tions show that the results of trading partner and reward price gained by the proposed method are appropriate. Therefore, the deviation between response quantity and the bid-winning volume is effectively controlled, and the transaction revenue of the aggregator is improved.

关键词： Demand response transaction Deep reinforcement learning Consumer dynamic classification Real -time electricity market

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Voltage Characteristic Analysis of Ultra-high Voltage Half-wavelength Transmission system Based on Wave Process Method

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Journal of Modern power systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 150-158页

作者： Hao Tian Yutian Liu Dong Yang Xiaohui Qin Yantao Zhang Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinanChina State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute JinanChina China Electric Power Research Institute BeijingChina

The voltage characteristics of a half-wavelength transmission(HWLT)system lack mechanism explanation and systematic *** this paper,both the steady-state and fault voltage characteristics are analyzed and explained based on the wave process *** analysis model is established for HWLT lines and wave propagation equations with different terminal conditions are *** steady-state conditions,voltage profiles along HWLT lines are depicted and partial overvoltage occurs when there is an overload or low-power *** addition,fault voltage characteristics are analyzed under load-rejection or short-circuit *** series resonance overvoltage will happen when short-circuit faults occur at certain positions and its peak value is influenced by grid strength or fault ***,a refined transmission line model is presented to consider non-ideal factors and simulation results demonstrate that geomorphic conditions and electromagnetic environments influence line voltage characteristics to a certain extent.

关键词： Half-wavelength transmission wave process method steady-state voltage fault voltage non-ideal factor

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