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Optimization analysis for the maximum pairing length of mode-pairing quantum key distribution

OPTICS LETTERS 2025年第2期50卷 249-252页

作者： Zhou, Xing-yu Hu, Jia-rui Zhang, Chun-hui Wang, Qin Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Inst Quantum Informat & Technol Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China NUPT Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Network Technol Key Lab Minist Educ Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China NUPT Telecommun & Networks Natl Engn Res Ctr Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) circumvents the need for phase locking through post-selection pairing, still allowing it to surpass the repeaterless rate- transmittance limit. This protocol, therefore, presents a promising approach for practical QKD implementation. Without phase locking and tracking, the performance of the laser, channel, and detector critically affects the determination of the maximum pairing length l in pairing strategies. However, previous studies have typically setl based on empirical data without conducting a thorough analysis. In this study, to more accurately reflect real-world conditions, we consider fiber fluctuations, laser linewidth, laser frequency offset, and after-pulse effect to quantify the systematic misalignment determined by l. We employ the three-intensity decoy-state method, accounting for the finite data-size effect, to evaluate the impact of l in practical scenarios. Our simulation results demonstrate significant enhancements achievable through the optimal selection of l. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for the advancement of future MP-QKD experiments and applications. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Fiber lasers Laser sources Lasers Phase Quantum key distribution Quantum key distribution networks

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A wearable obstacle avoidance device for visually impaired individuals with cross-modal learning

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NATURE communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-17页

作者： Gao, Yun Wu, Dan Song, Jie Zhang, Xueyi Hou, Bangbang Liu, Hengfa Liao, Junqi Zhou, Liang Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Network Minist Educ Nanjing Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Commun & Informat Engn Nanjing Peoples R China Army Engn Univ PLA Coll Commun Engn Nanjing Peoples R China

It is challenging for wearable obstacle avoidance devices to simultaneously meet practical demands of high reliability, rapid response, long-lasting duration, and usable design. Here we report a wearable obstacle avoidance device, comprising a set of self-developed glasses (weighing similar to 400 grams, including an similar to 80 grams battery) and a common smartphone. Specifically, the glasses collect the multi-modal data for comprehensive environmental perception, including video and depth modalities, and implement a depth-aided video compression module. This module not only adaptively compresses video data to reduce transmission delay to the smartphone, but also operates on a customized FPGA board featuring a multi float-point vector unit streaming processing architecture, thereby facilitating responsive and energy-efficient obstacle detection. Additionally, we design a cross-modal obstacle detection module on the smartphone, which ensures reliable detection and provides user-friendly auditory and tactile alerts by utilizing cross-modal learning based on modal correlations. Multiple indoor and outdoor experimental results demonstrate 100% collision avoidance rates, delay of less than 320 ms, and duration of approximately 11 hours.

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Cross-Medium Transmission Method Based on 8B/10B Special Position Coding

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 40943-40949页

作者： Hu, Miaoyi Tan, Qi Zhao, Zhengyi Zhong, Shuai Xu, Hang Yang, Yiguang Yao, Jianquan Tianjin Univ Sch Precis Instruments & Optoelect Engn Key Lab Optoelect Informat Technol Minist Educ Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Hohai Univ Key Lab Maritime Intelligent Cyberspace Technol Minist Educ Nanjing 210000 Peoples R China Sichuan Normal Univ Key Lab Wireless Sensor Network Univ Sichuan Prov Chengdu 610068 Peoples R China Hubei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Hubei Key Lab Modern Mfg Qualt Engn Wuhan 430068 Hubei Peoples R China Laoshan Lab Qingdao 266237 Peoples R China

To address limited transmission rates resulting from the laser's low repetition frequency in cross-medium communication, this study proposed a specialized position coding cross-medium transmission method based on 8B/10B to enhance the transmission efficiency. Strategies such as odd-even alternating coding, position coding, and setting empty codes were designed to address the impact of pulse position modulation on transmission rates caused by the "back-to-back" phenomenon. This method ensures that when a pulse occurs in the last four positions of the preceding transmission cycle, it will not occur in the first four positions of the subsequent cycle. A corresponding transmission system was constructed to validate the specialized position coding cross-medium transmission method based on 8B/10B. A laser with a repetition frequency of 60 Hz was used to conduct experiments in a water pool and successfully achieved cross-medium communication at a transmission rate of 181.8 bps.

关键词： Encoding Acoustics Lasers Codes Frequency modulation Hydrophones wireless sensor networks Laser theory Optical pulses Nonlinear optics 8B/10B cross-medium communication laser-induced sound pulse position modulation

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Polarization-multiplexing terahertz metasurface zone plate for implementing arbitrary spatial coordinate focusing

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2025年第5期33卷 9662-9673页

作者： Tan, Qi Li, Jie Nan, Tong Zhao, Zhengyi Xu, Hang Li, Hui Zheng, Chenglong Zou, Die Xu, Wenhui Ding, Guanchu Chen, Wenwei Zhang, Yan Yao, Jianquan Tianjin Univ Sch Precis Instruments & Optoelect Engn Key Lab Optoelect Informat Technol Minist Educ Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Sichuan Normal Univ Sch Phys & Elect Engn Key Lab Wireless Sensor Network Chengdu 450052 Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Informat Technol Sichuan Meteorol Optoelect Sensor Technol & Applic Chengdu 610225 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Terahertz Optoelect Beijing Key Lab Metamat & Devices Minist Educ Beijing 100048 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Imaging Technol Dept Phys Beijing 100048 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Phys & Microelect Key Lab Mat Phys Minist Educ Zhengzhou 450052 Peoples R China

The design of metasurface structures based on the generalized Snell's law enables diverse functionalities for regulating light fields through abrupt phase changes. However, addressing complex regulatory demands, such as polarization multiplexing, requires identifying multiple meta-atom structures that meet specific transmission and phase criteria. This process is often time-consuming and restrictive. Simplifying the design process for metasurface structures while preserving their functionality is, therefore, a key research area. In this paper, we demonstrate independent phase modulation of orthogonal linear polarization components by a simple structure integrating a Fresnel zone plate-a two-phase device-with a metasurface. We design and experimentally validate three metasurfaces: Sample M1 realizes concentric focusing at different focal lengths for x- and y-linearly polarized terahertz waves. Sample M2 enables off-axis dual-focus with orthogonal linear polarization multiplexing. Sample M3 employs a checkerboard distribution to achieve multi-focal focusing within a single channel. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental findings, confirming the feasibility of the proposed scheme and implementing arbitrary spatial coordinate focusing with dual channels. This work significantly simplifies the terahertz metasurface design process, reducing both complexity and time investment. It has the potential to promote the development of wavefront control devices towards miniaturization and multifunctionality. (c) 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Beam splitters Optical components Optical materials Phase modulation Scanning electron microscopy Zone plates

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Security and Reliability Tradeoff of NOMA Based Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial network With a Friendly Jammer

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2025年第2期74卷 3439-3444页

作者： Li, Bin Zou, Yulong Wu, Tonghua Zhang, Zaichen Chen, Mingkai Jiang, Yuhan NUPT Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Network Minist Educ Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China NUPT Jiangsu Engn Res Ctr Commun & Network Technol Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China NUPT Sch Telecommun & Informat Engn Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China Nari Grp Corp Nanjing 211106 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Frontiers Sci Ctr Mobile Informat Commun & Secur Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China

This paper analyzes the security and reliability tradeoff (SRT) performance for a hybrid satellite-terrestrial network (HSTN) using the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) protocol. To improve the SRT performance of the NOMA based HSTN, a friendly jammer assisted transmission (FJT) scheme is proposed and its outage and intercept probability expressions are carried out in closed-form. The transmission secrecy outage probability is given to show the tradeoff between the security and reliability of the FJT scheme. For the purposes of comparison, the none jammer aided transmission (NJT) scheme is also considered in simulations. Numerical results reveal that the FJT scheme significantly enhances the SRT performance of each user and the whole system compared to the NJT scheme. Moreover, the power allocation between users and that between the relay and the friendly jammer can be adjusted to achieve better SRT performance.

关键词： Security and reliability tradeoff (SRT) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) friendly jammer hybrid satellite-terrestrial network Security and reliability tradeoff (SRT) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) friendly jammer hybrid satellite-terrestrial network

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High spatial resolution and dynamic OFDR-based method for detecting ship structural response

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MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2025年第3期36卷 035214-035214页

作者： He, Bo Fu, Xuelei Gui, Xin Li, Zhengying Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Informat Engn Luoshi Rd 122 Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Hubei Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor N Luoshi Rd 122 Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Technol Opt Fiber Sensing Technol & Network Natl Engn Res Ctr Luoshi Rd 122 Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China

Ships, as thin-walled structures, experience various structural responses at critical components and may even fail under sustained time-varying wave forces. Understanding the structural behaviors of key components during operation is essential for accurate ship safety assessments. The lack of an effective strain monitoring system that integrates both high spatial resolution and dynamic monitoring capabilities affects the timely detection of these structural responses. This paper presents a high spatial resolution dynamic strain monitoring system using optical frequency domain reflectometry, achieving a system spatial resolution of 0.11 mm, a sensing spatial resolution of 20 mm, and a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. A box girder model of a river-sea-going ship is employed to simulate structural responses under wave-induced conditions. Simulation results validate the system's accuracy. By analyzing strain distribution and variation, this study explores the dynamic collapse behavior of structures under wave forces.

关键词： ship behavior strain detection structural response OFDR experimental investigation

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Research on Personalized Course Resource Recommendation Method Based on GEMRec

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第3期15卷 1075-1075页

作者： Wang, Enliang Sun, Zhixin Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Post Big Data Technol & Applicat Engn Res Ctr Jian Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Post Ind Technol Res & Dev Ctr State Posts Bur Int Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Network Minist Educ Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

With the rapid growth of online educational resources, existing personalized course recommendation systems face challenges in multimodal feature integration and limited recommendation interpretability when dealing with complex and diverse instructional content. This paper proposes a graph-enhanced multimodal recommendation method (GEMRec), which effectively integrates text, video, and audio features through a graph attention network and differentiable pooling. Innovatively, GEMRec introduces graph edit distance into the recommendation system to measure the structural similarity between a learner's knowledge state and course content at the knowledge graph level. Additionally, it combines SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) value computation with large language models to generate reliable and personalized recommendation explanations. Experiments on the MOOCCubeX dataset demonstrate that the GEMRec model exhibits strong convergence and generalization during training. Compared with existing methods, GEMRec achieves 0.267, 0.265, and 0.297 on the Precision@10, Recall@10, and NDCG@10 metrics, respectively, significantly outperforming traditional collaborative filtering and other deep learning models. These results validate the effectiveness of multimodal feature integration and knowledge graph enhancement in improving recommendation performance.

关键词： multimodal deep learning knowledge graph personalized course recommendation graph neural network interpretability

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¹⁸F-FDG PET radiomics score construction by automatic machine learning for treatment response prediction in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a multicenter study

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JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2025年第3期151卷 1-11页

作者： Zhao, Jincheng Zhao, Wenzhuo Chen, Man Rong, Jian Teng, Yue Chen, Jianxin Xu, Jingyan China Pharmaceut Univ Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp Sch Basic Med & Clin Pharm Dept Hematol Nanjing Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Key Lab Broadband Wireless Commun & Sensor Network Minist Educ Nanjing Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Nanjing Drum Tower Hosp Dept Nucl Med Affiliated HospMed Sch Nanjing Peoples R China

Purpose To explore the development and validation of automated machine learning (AutoML) models for F-18-FDG PET imaging-based radiomics signatures to predict treatment response in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 175 elderly (>= 60 years) DLBCL patients diagnosed between March 2015 and March 2023 at two medical centers, with a total of 1010 lesions. The baseline PET imaging-based radiomics features of the training cohort were processed using AutoML model AutoGluon to generate a radiomics score (radscore) and predict treatment response at the lesion and patient levels. Furthermore, a multivariable logistic analysis was used to design and evaluate a multivariable model in the training and validation cohorts. Results ROC curve analysis showed that the radscore generated by AutoML exhibited higher accuracy in predicting treatment response at the lesion level compared to metabolic parameters (SUVmax, MTV, and TLG) in both the training group (AUC: 0.791, 0.542, 0.667, 0.651, respectively) and the validation group (AUC: 0.712, 0.616, 0.639, 0.657, respectively). Multivariable logistic analysis indicated that NCCN-IPI (OR = 5.427, 95% CI: 1.163-25.317), BCL-2 (OR = 3.714, 95% CI: 1.406-9.816), TMTV (OR = 4.324, 95% CI: 1.095-17.067), and avg-radscore (OR = 3.176, 95% CI: 1.313-7. 686) were independent predictors of treatment response. The multivariable model comprising NCCN-IPI, BCL-2, TMTV, and avg-radscore outperformed conventional models and clinical-pathological models in predicting treatment response. (P<0.05). Conclusion The radscore generated by AutoML can predict the treatment response of elderly DLBCL patients, potentially aiding in clinical decision-making.

关键词： F-18-FDG PET/CT Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Automated machine learning Treatment response Radiomics

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Efficient security analysis for quantum key distribution against side-channel leakage

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Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 20588-20597页

作者： Ma, Luo-Jia Wang, Yue-Ying Sun, Ming-Shuo Zhang, Chun-Hui Ding, Hua-Jian Zhou, Xing-Yu Wang, Qin Institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Key Lab of Ministry of Education NUPT Nanjing210003 China

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the transmission of keys with unconditional security. Nevertheless, a discrepancy remains between the theoretical framework and the practical implementation, as device imperfections are frequently neglected in most QKD protocols. Some previous works proposed to use Hong-Ou-Mandel interference to quantify information leakage from side-channels. However, the security bound was relatively loose, resulting in poor performance. In this paper, we present an improved method for the security analysis of practical QKD protocols and provide a more precise parameter estimation. Furthermore, we apply it to several important QKD protocols, including BB84, measurement-device-independent, and twin-field, and carry out corresponding numerical simulations. Our work demonstrates significant improvements in both the key rate and the transmission distance compared to previous methods, representing a crucial step towards the practical implementation of QKD. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Cross-Modal Haptic Generation for Emergency Rescue in Internet of Robotic Things

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Liu, Hengfa Wei, Xin Gao, Yun Zhou, Liang Qian, Yi Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Communications and Information Engineering Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of Education Nanjing210003 China University of Nebraska-Lincoln Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering OmahaNE68588 United States

Robots equipped with multi-modal sensing capabilities play an important role in the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT), especially in emergency rescue. However, existing rescue robots pose challenges for human operators in achieving precise manipulation due to the absence of haptic signals. Additionally, limited and fluctuating bandwidth in emergency rescue renders current cross-modal haptic generation schemes ineffective. To overcome this dilemma, we propose a novel cross-modal haptic generation scheme that enhances scalability across diverse network conditions by leveraging correlations among audio-visual-haptic modalities. Specifically, we first propose an edge-device collaboration-based architecture that dynamically extracts semantics from audio-visual signals, tailored to the current network conditions, for haptic generation. This is achieved by predicting the network state at the edge and performing multi-modal encoding and fusion at the device. Next, we design a scalable cross-modal haptic generation scheme that implements the optimal generation strategy based on received audio-visual semantics of different granularities, ensuring real-time acquisition of coarse-grained or fine-grained haptic feedback. Finally, numerical experimental results conducted on a multi-modal dataset and a simulated emergency environment indicate that the proposed scheme reliably generates haptic signals in emergency rescue. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Robots

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