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Double-Blockchain Assisted Secure and Anonymous Data Aggregation for Fog-Enabled Smart Grid

Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 159-169页

作者： Siguang Chen Li Yang Chuanxin Zhao Vijayakumar Varadarajan Kun Wang Jiangsu Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Communication and Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

As a future energy system,the smart grid is designed to improve the efficiency of traditional power systems while providing more stable and reliable ***,this efficient and reliable service relies on collecting and analyzing users’electricity consumption data frequently,which induces various security and privacy *** address these challenges,we propose a double-blockchain assisted secure and anonymous data aggregation scheme for fog-enabled smart grid named ***,we design a three-tier architecture-based data aggregation framework by integrating fog computing and the blockchain,which provides strong support for achieving efficient and secure data collection in smart ***,we develop a secure and anonymous data aggregation mechanism with low computational overhead by jointly leveraging the Paillier encryption,batch aggregation signature and anonymous *** particular,the system achieves fine-grained data aggregation and provides effective support for power dispatching and price adjustment by the designed double-blockchain and two-level data ***,the superiority of the proposed scheme is illustrated by a series of security and computation cost analyses.

关键词： Blockchain Fog computing Homomorphic encryption Smart grid Anonymity

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Gradient-Free optimization algorithm for single-qubit quantum classifier

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Anqi He, Xiaoyun Zhao, Shengmei Nanjing210003 China Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of Education Nanjing210003 China

In the paper, a gradient-free optimization algorithm for single-qubit quantum classifier is proposed to overcome the effects of barren plateau caused by quantum devices. A rotation gate RX() is applied on a single-qubit binary quantum classifier, and the training data and parameters are loaded into with the form of vector-multiplication. The cost function is decreased by finding the value of each parameter that yield the minimum expectation value of measuring the quantum circuit. The algorithm is performed iteratively for all parameters one by one, until the cost function satisfies the stop condition. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated for a classification task and is compared with that using Adam optimizer. Furthermore, the performance of the single-qubit quantum classifier with the proposed gradient-free optimization algorithm is discussed when the rotation gate in quantum device is under different noise. The simulation results show that the single-qubit quantum classifier with proposed gradient-free optimization algorithm can reach a high accuracy faster than that using Adam optimizer. Moreover, the proposed gradient-free optimization algorithm can quickly completes the training process of the single-qubit classifier. Additionally, the single-qubit quantum classifier with proposed gradient-free optimization algorithm has a good performance in noisy environments. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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Moving Object Distance Estimation Method Based on Target Extraction with a Stereo Camera

Moving Object Distance Estimation Method Based on Target Ext...

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International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)

作者： Jingyi Zhang Jianxin Chen Qingyu Lin Liming Cheng Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Ministry of Education Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728123264

Real-time distance estimation with high accuracy is crucial to robot applications such as navigation and obstacle negotiation. However, considering the truth that high accuracy brings huge computation, the previous work either accelerates the distance estimation process through hardware, or only estimates the static objects, or sacrifices accuracy to realize real-time. In order to improve the trade-off between speed and accuracy, in this paper we propose a stereovision-based method that integrates the object detection and tracking into stereo matching. We utilize kernelized correlation filter (KCF) to track the moving object, and then extract target regions from image pair as input images to compute disparity map. In addition, we update each pixel's disparity by a simple but effective approach to further refine disparity map. Eventually, distance is calculated with disparity by triangulation. Experimental results show that our proposed method is suitable for dynamic environment, the extraction method improves the speed of the entire system, and the average accuracy of distance estimation can achieve over 95% from 88 cm to 300 cm when baseline is 151 mm.

关键词： Distance estimation Stereo vision KCF tracking Target region extraction Disparity refinement Triangulation Stereo cameras triangulation Stereoviews extraction of object Object detection object distance Static objects

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QoE Optimization for Traffic Offloading from LTE to WiFi

QoE Optimization for Traffic Offloading from LTE to WiFi

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IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE)

作者： Feng Tian Yue Yu Dapeng Li Jingwu Cui Yue Dong Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology (Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications) Ministry of Education Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728135755

ISBN: (纸本)9781728135762

In this paper, a novel QoE (Quality of Experience) optimization mechanism is proposed for the coexistence between LTE and WiFi networks, where traffic offloading is enabled from LTE to WiFi. Firstly, the throughput models of LTE and WiFi are analyzed, respectively. And then the users' satisfaction function is introduced to measure QoE. An optimal problem that maximizing the QoE of LTE network with guaranteeing the QoE of WiFi network, is formulated and solved by transformation and simplification. Simulation results indicate that traffic offloading can greatly improve the QoE of LTE network.

关键词： wireless fidelity Long Term Evolution Quality of experience Optimization Throughput wireless communication Interference

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Geometry Based LM of Robot to Imitate Human Motion with Kinect

Geometry Based LM of Robot to Imitate Human Motion with Kine...

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International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)

作者： Wei Guo Jianxin Chen Ming Zhang Zhaolai Pan Ministry of Education Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology (Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications) Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728123264

Humanoid robots are easily accepted by people because they have a body shape and appearance close to human. Humanoid robots have many application scenarios and great application potentials. Nevertheless, it is not easy to realize robot simulation due to the different physical structures of human bodies and robots. In this paper, we propose a geometry based LM algorithm for the robot to imitate the human motion of upper limb in real time. This method greatly improves the joint angle similarity under the premise of ensuring the similarity of the end trajectories. We designed a comprehensive and unrestricted motion simulation experiment to verify this method.

关键词： Kinect Inverse kinematic Nao Levenberg-Marquardt Geometry game player geometry Robot Human motion Humanoid robots Human Body

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Average Level Crossing Rate and Fading Duration of Multiuser Single Relay Cooperation wireless Uplinks

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China communications 2013年第4期10卷 135-143页

作者：贾向东杨龙祥朱洪波 Wireless Communications Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Engineering Northwest Normal University

We investigate the average Level Crossing Rate （LCR） and Average Fading Duration （AFD） of multiuser single relay co- operation wireless uplinks over independent and non-identically distributed （***.d） Ray- leigh fading channels. We first present the statistical analyses of the first-hop equivalent envelope. Then, we investigate the LCR and AFD of an equivalent end-to-end envelope, and present the closed-form solutions to LCR and AFD, which are given with integral forms. Finally, we derive the Laplace approximations of LCR and AFD as well as the upper and lower bounds. The numerical results of LCR show that the upper bound is tight. For multi user systems with different number of mobile users, the analyses indicate that the LCRs are approximately the same at the low level of the envelope. envelope However, there are at the high level of the reasonable differences among the curves of LCRs. Due to that fact that AFD is the inverse function of LCR, the results for AFD are the opposite.

关键词： wireless communications multiuseruplinks level crossing rate average fadingduration

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A Node Localization Algorithm in WSNs Based on Iterative Estimation

A Node Localization Algorithm in WSNs Based on Iterative Est...

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IEEE Information technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC)

作者： Rui Jiang Qian Wu Youyun Xu Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Key Lab of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Jiangsu China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538653746

According to the application of range-free measurement for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), a novel localization algorithm of nodes in based on iterative centroid estimation is proposed in the paper. First, we derive the centroid of the plane enclosed by the current connected beacon nodes as well as the received signal strength (RSSI) between target and beacon nodes. Then, we replace the farthest beacon node from the target node with the centroid node we derive in order to narrow the area of the plane enclosed by the connected beacon nodes and improve the location accuracy through multiple iterations. Judging from the simulation results, the proposed algorithm presents decent results of all indications and is thus eligible for localization in WSNs.

关键词： wireless sensor networks Measurement errors Signal to noise ratio Mathematical model Classification algorithms Estimation Approximation algorithms

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A Reliable Hand Tracking Method Using Kinect

A Reliable Hand Tracking Method Using Kinect

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International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)

作者： Qinyu Lin Jianxin Chen Jiangyi Zhang Ling Yao Ministry of Education Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728123264

Hand tracking has been focused over years in the field of human-computer interaction. But there are still some challenges such as reliability and accuracy due to the highly articulated and deformable of hand. In this paper we propose a real time hand tracking method with the depth information of the Kinect sensor. In this method, we preprocessed the depth information with a pixel filter to deal with the noise. Then we isolated the hand region from the depth image by using the KCF (Kernelized Correlation Filters) to the confined minimum depth area, which can release the limitation of hand movement range. Then the forearm region is segmented with assistance of PCA (Principle Component Analysis). And, to accurately locate the fingertip position, we integrate the maximum geodesic distance to hand centroid into EIC (Extended Inscribed Circle). And by lab.lling each finger to avoid mistaken fingertip determination. Experimental results verify the accuracy and reliability of our solution.

关键词： Real-time systems Human computer interaction Tracking Covariance matrices Principal component analysis Wrist Reliability

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Ternary Weighted networks with Equal Quantization Levels

Ternary Weighted Networks with Equal Quantization Levels

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Asia-Pacific Conference on communications

作者： Yuanyuan Chang Xiaofu Wu Suofei Zhang Jun Yan Key Lab of Ministry of Education in Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728136790

ISBN: (纸本)9781728136806

Recent progress in deep convolutional neural networks has considerably changed the landscape of speech recognition, computer vision, natural language processing and so on. However, limited by the large number of parameters, the memory space and high computational complexity, it is a challenging task to deploy the deep neural network model in embedded system. To solve this problem, we propose Equal Trained Ternary Quantization (ETTQ), a ternary quantization method by improving Trained Ternary Quantization, which uses only a full-precision scaling coefficient for each layer, and quantize the weights to three levels. These positive and negative weights have same absolute values that are trainable parameters. Experiments show that the performance of ETTQ is only slightly worse than TTQ, but can converge faster and more stable during the training over CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets.

关键词： Quantization (signal) Neural networks Training Computational modeling Solid modeling Computer vision Backpropagation

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Heart Rate Detection with the Off-the-Shelf Camera: Static to Non-Static

Heart Rate Detection with the Off-the-Shelf Camera: Static t...

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IEEE International Conference on Signal and Image Processing (ICSIP)

作者： Rui Chen Jianxin Chen LiMing Cheng XiangJun Huang Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Ministry of Education Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781728168968

ISBN: (纸本)9781728168975

Imaging photo-plethysmography (IPPG) technique has been proven to detect heart rate (HR) with a camera. Currently it might be used in a rigid scenario, such as the static subject, the short measurement distance and good illumination. In this paper, we try to relax these constraints by extending the measurement distance and applying it to the non-static subject with IPPG technique using the off-the-shelf camera. To achieve it, the landmark detection method is used to locate the facial region of interest (ROI) for the subject during movements. On this ROI, R/G/B channel signals are extracted with the spatial average of pixels. Then we use a skin appearance model (CHROME) to remove the noise, and HR is estimated from the output of the CHROME through the power spectrum. Experimental results showed that our method works effectively in both static and non-static scenarios. In static scenario, the measurement distance can extend to 4 meters, while the accuracy can reach 86% compared with the results from a finger detection equipment. In non-static scenario, our method achieve better results than previous studies.

关键词： Heart rate Current measurement Predictive models Cameras Skin Velocity measurement Motion measurement

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