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Electrochemical protein biosensors for disease marker detection:progress and opportunities

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 1-20页

作者： Lanpeng Guo Yunong Zhao Qing Huang Jing Huang Yanbing Tao Jianjun Chen Hua-Yao Li Huan Liu School of Integrated Circuits Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsOptics Valley LaboratoryHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Integrated CircuitsAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology1277 Jiefang AvenueWuhan 430022China Wenzhou Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWenzhou 325000China

The development of artificial intelligence-enabled medical health care has created both opportunities and challenges for next-generation biosensor *** are extensively used as biological macromolecular markers in disease diagnosis and the analysis of therapeutic *** protein biosensors have achieved desirable specificity by using the specific antibody–antigen binding principle in ***,the active centers of protein biomarkers are surrounded by a peptide matrix,which hinders charge transfer and results in insufficient sensor ***,electrode-modified materials and transducer devices have been designed to increase the sensitivity and improve the practical application prospects of electrochemical protein *** this review,we summarize recent reports of electrochemical biosensors for protein biomarker *** highlight the latest research on electrochemical protein biosensors for the detection of cancer,viral infectious diseases,inflammation,and other *** corresponding sensitive materials,transducer structures,and detection principles associated with such biosensors are also addressed ***,we present an outlook on the use of electrochemical protein biosensors for disease marker detection for the next few years.

关键词： diagnosis specificity Electrochemical

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Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search for Transformer in Knowledge Tracing

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Yang, Shangshang Yu, Xiaoshan Tian, Ye Yan, Xueming Ma, Haiping Zhang, Xingyi Anhui University China Guangdong University of Foreign Studies China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education China

Transformer has achieved excellent performance in the knowledge tracing (KT) task, but they are criticized for the manually selected input features for fusion and the defect of single global context modelling to directly capture students’ forgetting behavior in KT, when the related records are distant from the current record in terms of time. To address the issues, this paper first considers adding convolution operations to the Transformer to enhance its local context modelling ability used for students’ forgetting behavior, then proposes an evolutionary neural architecture search approach to automate the input feature selection and automatically determine where to apply which operation for achieving the balancing of the local/global context modelling. In the search space design, the original global path containing the attention module in Transformer is replaced with the sum of a global path and a local path that could contain different convolutions, and the selection of input features is also considered. To search the best architecture, we employ an effective evolutionary algorithm to explore the search space and also suggest a search space reduction strategy to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm. Experimental results on the two largest and most challenging education datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the architecture found by the proposed approach. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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Femtosecond laser-induced flexible and highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensor with treefrog suckers bionic microstructure 2

Femtosecond laser-induced flexible and highly sensitive capa...

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2nd International Symposium on Sensor Technology and Control, ISSTC 2023

作者： Wang, Zhiyun Chu, Mengyang Su, Yahui Guo, Xiaohui Liu, Rui Anhui University Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hefei China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Anhui University School of Integrated Circuits Hefei China Anhui Xinhuai Electronics Co. Ltd Huaibei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314465

Flexible capacitive pressure sensors are optimal for wearable electronic equipment owing to their advantages of simplicity in architecture and low power consumption. However, fabricating a bionic flexible capacitive pressure sensor with high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range of detection is still a great challenge. In this article, we propose a flexible pressure sensor based on femtosecond laser ablation with a treefrog suckers bionic microstructure. The treefrog suckers capacitive pressure sensor (TSCPS) has high sensitivity (0-10 kPa, 0.0762 kPa-1), wide detection range (500 kPa), high repeatability (>12000 s at 10 kPa), and fast response time (62.5 ms). For practical applications, the TSCPS was positioned on the wrist, palm, and sole of the hand to detect the movements of each part accordingly. The experimental findings indicate that the TSCPS has broad promising applications in bionic wearable products such as human locomotion monitoring. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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A Simple Controllab.e Left-Right-Hand Circularly Polarized Antenna for GPS L2 Using Arc-like Slots

A Simple Controllable Left-Right-Hand Circularly Polarized A...

引用

IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP)

作者： Lulu Meng Sixian Qian Zhixiang Huang Yingsong Li Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University China

A single-layer, polarization adjustable circular-polarization (CP) antenna with four arc-like slots has been designed for GPS L2 band. The created antenna uses four arc-like slots to tune the phase difference to form a CP antenna, where the arc-like slots with a specific size relationship are etched on the patch. By adjusting the radius of the arc-like slots, Left-handed -circular-polarization (LHCP) and Right-handed-circular-polarization (RHCP) can be realized easily with simple structure. Simulations and optimizations show that the constructed CP-antenna has a good axial-ratio bandwidth of 10 MHz and impedance-bandwidth of 40 MHz and 30 MHz for LHCP and RHCP application.

关键词： Polarization Slot antennas Bandwidth Directive antennas Antenna feeds Optimization Global Positioning System

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Integrating Conjugate Gradients Into Evolutionary Algorithms for Large-Scale Continuous Multi-Objective Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第10期9卷 1801-1817页

作者： Ye Tian Haowen Chen Haiping Ma Xingyi Zhang Kay Chen Tan Yaochu Jin the Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China the Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230601China IEEE the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Artificial IntelligenceAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China the Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina the Faculty of Technology Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33619Germany

Large-scale multi-objective optimization problems(LSMOPs)pose challenges to existing optimizers since a set of well-converged and diverse solutions should be found in huge search *** evolutionary algorithms are good at solving small-scale multi-objective optimization problems,they are criticized for low efficiency in converging to the optimums of *** contrast,mathematical programming methods offer fast convergence speed on large-scale single-objective optimization problems,but they have difficulties in finding diverse solutions for ***,how to integrate evolutionary algorithms with mathematical programming methods to solve LSMOPs remains *** this paper,a hybrid algorithm is tailored for LSMOPs by coupling differential evolution and a conjugate gradient *** the one hand,conjugate gradients and differential evolution are used to update different decision variables of a set of solutions,where the former drives the solutions to quickly converge towards the Pareto front and the latter promotes the diversity of the solutions to cover the whole Pareto *** the other hand,objective decomposition strategy of evolutionary multi-objective optimization is used to differentiate the conjugate gradients of solutions,and the line search strategy of mathematical programming is used to ensure the higher quality of each offspring than its *** comparison with state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms,mathematical programming methods,and hybrid algorithms,the proposed algorithm exhibits better convergence and diversity performance on a variety of benchmark and real-world LSMOPs.

关键词： Conjugate gradient differential evolution evolutionary computation large-scale multi-objective optimization mathematical programming

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Transient Electro-thermal and Bandgap Narrowing Analysis of the bipolar transistor

Transient Electro-thermal and Bandgap Narrowing Analysis of ...

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2023 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium, ACES-China 2023

作者： Xiao, Hui Ren, Xingang Yan, Yeqiang Huang, Zhixiang Wu, Xianliang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Luan23700 China Engineering Technology Research Center of Specific Power Devices with Novel Semiconductor Materials Anhui Province Chizhou247100 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781733509657

Given the bandgap narrowing (BGN) effect caused by heavy doping of the bipolar transistor and the self-heating effect (SHE) in the practical work environment, a transient electro-thermal and bandgap narrowing model is proposed in this paper, which is based on the Slotboom model and the modification of the drift-diffusion equation based on semiconductor equations and the heat conduction equation. The transient characteristics of the bipolar transistor in amplification mode are simulated using the differential method, and the results show that the terminal current of the bipolar transistor decreases after considering the SHE and the BGN effect. The model developed and the results obtained in this work can provide some reference significance for the optimization of the amplification characteristics of the bipolar transistor. © 2023 Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES).

关键词： Energy gap

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A Novel Broadband EBG Structure For Simultaneous Switching Noise Suppression

A Novel Broadband EBG Structure For Simultaneous Switching N...

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2023 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium, ACES-Monterey 2023

作者： Sun, Guoxing Yan, Yeqiang Ren, Xingang Cai, Xueyuan Wu, Bo Ju, Huping Tao, Wei Wang, Gang Zou, Bao Huang, Zhixiang Wu, Xianliang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Luan23700 China Engineering Technology Research Center of Specific Power Devices with Novel Semiconductor Materials Anhui Province Chizhou247100 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781733509633

In this paper, a compact electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure for suppressing simultaneous switching noise (SSN) in high-speed circuits is proposed. At the bandwidth level of 0.35GHz to 20GHz, an ultra-wideband SSN suppression feature with a suppression depth of -40dB is achieved. The basic unit structure of the presented EBG is formed by etching an annular groove in the square patch and connecting the separated patches inside and outside the groove with a bridge adjacent to the end. An improved L-type bridge is used between the EBG units to further improve the EBG performance. Compared with the traditional L-type bridge, the suppression depth of the proposed electromagnetic bandgap structure is improved from -30dB to - 40dB. In addition, the time domain eye simulation results show that the structure has good signal integrity. © 2023 ACES.

关键词： Energy gap

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Transient Electro-thermal Analysis of the Bipolar Transistor

Transient Electro-thermal Analysis of the Bipolar Transistor

引用

2023 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium, ACES-Monterey 2023

作者： Xiao, Hui Ren, Xingang Yan, Yeqiang Si, Junjie Cai, Xueyuan Wu, Bo Huang, Zhixiang Wu, Xianliang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Luan23700 China Engineering Technology Research Center of Specific Power Devices with Novel Semiconductor Materials Anhui Province Chizhou247100 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781733509633

This paper describes the transient electro-thermal properties of the bipolar transistor by a two-dimensional transient electro-thermal simulation, in which model the coupled heat conduction equation and drift-diffusion equations are solved. The backward difference scheme with the second-order accuracy was used to discretize the time derivative. The increment of bipolar transistor temperature will affect the drift and diffusion of carriers and thus its electrical characteristics. Through the transient study of electro-thermal characteristics of the bipolar transistor, the influence of the self-heating effect on bipolar transistor characteristic has considered in amplification mode. The developed model and results obtained in this work can be used to optimize the thermal design of bipolar transistor. © 2023 ACES.

关键词： Thermoanalysis

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A Tetrahedral Spectral Element Method for Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Electronic Devices

引用

IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 2025年

作者： Feng, Naixing Zhang, Shuai Huang, Zhixiang Liu, Qi Qiang Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Hefei China Hangzhou Dianzi University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hangzhou310018 China

For the coupled thermo-mechanical simulation of complex electronic devices, we propose a Tetrahedral Spectral Element Method (TSEM), which truly combines the high accuracy of spectral methods with the strong geometric adaptability of Finite Element Methods (FEMs). The TSEM employs a collapse transformation method and successfully converts the orthogonal Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre (GLL) basis functions from a hexahedron to a tetrahedral reference element. This ensures numerical accuracy and stability for arbitrary high-order interpolation. We also generate non-equidistant GLL spectral interpolation nodes for tetrahedral elements through Warp&Blend transformation, enabling direct nodal numerical integration calculation through Vandermonde matrices. This approach replaces the classical Gaussian quadrature in the FEM, not only significantly enhancing the computational efficiency of element matrix but also avoiding potential numerical dissipation and dispersion associated with Gaussian integration, thus achieving rapid convergence. In the TSEM thermo-mechanical coupling, we further construct a separate solver based on the implicit Newmark-β method, which realizes unconditional stability for temporal integration for arbitrary time step increment. Moreover, it supports independent inversion of system matrices for temperature and stress fields, without increasing computational resource consumption due to the coupling of multi-physics equations. By quantitatively comparing with the COMSOL Multiphysics software, several typical case studies are used to demonstrate the significant advantages of the TSEM in numerical accuracy, efficiency, and stability. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal functions

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High Energy Efficient In-Situ Storage computing Macro for Multiply-Accumulate Operations

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Peng, Chunyu Yan, Shengyuan Ding, Huayi Wang, Yana Lu, Wenjuan Dai, Chenghu Li, Xin Hu, Wei Wu, Xiulong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Anhui Hefei230601 China School of Integrated Circuits Anhui University Hefei230601 China

This study presents a fully digital CIM macro featuring a novel self-write-back 12T cell. This bitcell is capable of performing Boolean logic operations and autonomously writing back results into the in-situ cell, circumventing the need for peripheral circuits. It enables in-situ logic operations, such as AND, and facilitates a 4-bit×4-bit MAC operation through an adder tree and shift-and-add process, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and throughput while minimizing area overhead. Further, we propose an 18T full adder structure with lower delay and power consumption than current state-of-the-art full adders. The proposed CIM macro, designed and simulated using a 28 nm CMOS process with a 16 Kb static random access memory (SRAM), demonstrates promising results. At VDD = 0.9 V, the logic operation energy consumption is 31.71 fJ/bit with an energy efficiency of 31.53 TOPS/W, and at VDD = 0.6 V, it decreases to 8.85 fJ/bit with an efficiency of 112.99 TOPS/W. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Static random access storage

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