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arXiv 2019年

作者： Ju, Fusong Zhu, Jianwei Wei, Guozheng Zhang, Qi Sun, Shiwei Bu, Dongbo Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Sequence set is a widely-used type of data source in a large variety of fields. A typical example is protein structure prediction, which takes an multiple sequence alignment (MSA) as input and aims to infer structural information from it. Almost all of the existing approaches exploit MSAs in an indirect fashion, i.e., they transform MSAs into position-specific scoring matrices (PSSM) that represent the distribution of amino acid types at each column. PSSM could capture columnwise characteristics of MSA, however, the column-wise characteristics embedded in each individual component sequence were nearly totally neglected. The drawback of PSSM is rooted in the fact that an MSA is essentially an unordered sequence set rather than a matrix. Specifically, the interchange of any two sequences will not affect the whole MSA. In contrast, the pixels in an image essentially form a matrix since any two rows of pixels cannot be interchanged. Therefore, the traditional deep neural networks designed for image processing cannot be directly applied on sequence sets. Here, we proposed a novel deep neural network framework (called Seq-SetNet) for sequence set processing. By employing a symmetric function module to integrate features calculated from preceding layers, Seq-SetNet are immune to the order of sequences in the input MSA. This advantage enables us to directly and fully exploit MSAs by considering each component protein individually. We evaluated Seq-SetNet by using it to extract structural information from MSA for protein secondary structure prediction. Experimental results on popular benchmark sets suggests that Seq-SetNet outperforms the stateof- the-art approaches by 3.6% in precision. These results clearly suggest the advantages of Seq-SetNet in sequence set processing and it can be readily used in a wide range of fields, say natural language processing. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Learning Target-Oriented Dual Attention for Robust RGB-T Tracking

Learning Target-Oriented Dual Attention for Robust RGB-T Tra...

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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： Rui Yang Yabin Zhu Xiao Wang Chenglong Li Jin Tang Key Lab of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538662502;9781538662496

RGB-Thermal object tracking attempts to locate target object using complementary visual and thermal infrared data. Existing RGB-T trackers fuse different modalities by robust feature representation learning or adaptive modal weighting. However, how to integrate dual attention mechanism for visual tracking is still a subject that has not been studied yet. In this paper, we propose two visual attention mechanisms for robust RGB-T object tracking. Specifically, the local attention is implemented by exploiting the common visual attention of RGB and thermal data to train deep classifiers. We also introduce the global attention, which is a multimodal target-driven attention estimation network. It can provide global proposals for the classifier together with local proposals extracted from previous tracking result. Extensive experiments on two RGB-T benchmark datasets validated the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.

关键词： Target tracking Visualization Training Feature extraction Proposals Object tracking Estimation

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Cascaded partial decoder for fast and accurate salient object detection

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Wu, Zhe Su, Li Huang, Qingming Beijing China Key Lab of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management UCAS Beijing China Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Existing state-of-the-art salient object detection networks rely on aggregating multi-level features of pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Compared to high-level features, low-level features contribute less to performance but cost more computations because of their larger spatial resolutions. In this paper, we propose a novel Cascaded Partial Decoder (CPD) framework for fast and accurate salient object detection. On the one hand, the framework constructs partial decoder which discards larger resolution features of shallower layers for acceleration. On the other hand, we observe that integrating features of deeper layers obtain relatively precise saliency map. Therefore we directly utilize generated saliency map to refine the features of backbone network. This strategy efficiently suppresses distractors in the features and significantly improves their representation ability. Experiments conducted on five benchmark datasets exhibit that the proposed model not only achieves state-of-the-art performance but also runs much faster than existing models. Besides, the proposed framework is further applied to improve existing multi-level feature aggregation models and significantly improve their efficiency and accuracy. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decoding

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Exploiting interpretable patterns for flow prediction in dockless bike sharing systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gu, Jingjing Zhou, Qiang Yang, Jingyuan Liu, Yanchi Zhuang, Fuzhen Zhao, Yanchao Xiong, Hui Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics China George Mason University United States Rutgers University United States Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Henan Institutes of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University China

Unlike the traditional dock-based systems, dockless bike-sharing systems are more convenient for users in terms of flexibility. However, the flexibility of these dockless systems comes at the cost of management and operation complexity. Indeed, the imbalanced and dynamic use of bikes leads to mandatory rebalancing operations, which impose a critical need for effective bike traffic flow prediction. While efforts have been made in developing traffic flow prediction models, existing approaches lack interpretability, and thus have limited value in practical deployment. To this end, we propose an Interpretable Bike Flow Prediction (IBFP) framework, which can provide effective bike flow prediction with interpretable traffic patterns. Specifically, by dividing the urban area into regions according to flow density, we first model the spatio-temporal bike flows between regions with graph regularized sparse representation, where graph Laplacian is used as a smooth operator to preserve the commonalities of the periodic data structure. Then, we extract traffic patterns from bike flows using subspace clustering with sparse representation to construct interpretable base matrices. Moreover, the bike flows can be predicted with the interpretable base matrices and learned parameters. Finally, experimental results on real-world data show the advantages of the IBFP method for flow prediction in dockless bike sharing systems. In addition, the interpretability of our flow pattern exploitation is further illustrated through a case study where IBFP provides valuable insights into bike flow analysis. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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False news detection on social media

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Cao, Juan Sheng, Qiang Qi, Peng Zhong, Lei Wang, Yanyan Zhang, Xueyao Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Center for Advanced Computing Research Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Social media has become an important information platform where people consume and share news. However, it has also enabled the wide dissemination of false news, i.e., news posts published on social media that are verifiably false, causing significant negative effects on society. To help prevent further propagation of false news on social media, we set up this competition to motivate the development of automated real-time false news detection approaches. Specifically, this competition includes three subtasks: false-news text detection, false-news image detection, and falsenews multi-modal detection, which aims to motivate participants to further explore the efficiency of multiple modalities in detecting false news and effective fusion approaches of multi-modal contents. To better support this competition, we also construct and release a multi-modal data repository about False News on Weibo Social platform(MCG-FNeWS) to help evaluate the performance of different approaches from participants. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Social networking (online)

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SEBF: A single-chain based extension model of blockchain for fintech 29

SEBF: A single-chain based extension model of blockchain for...

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29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2020

作者： Ji, Yimu Gu, Weiheng Chen, Fei Xiao, Xiaoying Sun, Jing Liu, Shangdong He, Jing Li, Yunyao Zhang, Kaixiang Mei, Fen Wu, Fei School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks Nanjing China Institue of High Performance Computing and Bigdata Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China Nanjing Center of HPC China Nanjing China Jiangsu HPC and Intelligent Processing Engineer Research Center Nanjing China Institute of Information Technology Nanjing University of Finance and Economics Nanjing China School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Australia WeBank Co. Ltd. Shenzhen China College of Automation Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780999241165

The traditional blockchain has the shortcoming that a single-chain can only deal with one or a few specific data types. The research question of how to make blockchain be able to deal with various data types has not been well studied. In this paper, we propose a single-chain based extension model of blockchain for fintech (SEBF). In the financial environment, we design a four-layer architecture for this model. By employing the external trusted oracle group and a financial regulator agency, a variety types of data can be effectively stored in the blockchain, such that the data type extension based on a single-chain is realized. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model can improve the efficiency of simplified payment verification. © 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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Warm up cold-start advertisements: Improving CTR predictions via learning to learn ID embeddings

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Pan, Feiyang Li, Shuokai Ao, Xiang Tang, Pingzhong He, Qing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences IIIS Tsinghua University Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction has been one of the most central problems in computational advertising. Lately, embedding techniques that produce low-dimensional representations of ad IDs drastically improve CTR prediction accuracies. However, such learning techniques are data demanding and work poorly on new ads with little logging data, which is known as the cold-start problem. In this paper, we aim to improve CTR predictions during both the cold-start phase and the warm-up phase when a new ad is added to the candidate pool. We propose Meta-Embedding, a meta-learningbased approach that learns to generate desirable initial embeddings for new ad IDs. The proposed method trains an embedding generator for new ad IDs by making use of previously learned ads through gradient-based meta-learning. In other words, our method learns how to learn better embeddings. When a new ad comes, the trained generator initializes the embedding of its ID by feeding its contents and attributes. Next, the generated embedding can speed up the model fitting during the warm-up phase when a few lab.led examples are availab.e, compared to the existing initialization methods. Experimental results on three real-world datasets showed that Meta-Embedding can significantly improve both the cold-start and warm-up performances for six existing CTR prediction models, ranging from lightweight models such as Factorization Machines to complicated deep models such as PNN and DeepFM. All of the above apply to conversion rate (CVR) predictions as well. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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Learning data-adaptive non-parametric kernels

The Journal of Machine Learning Research

引用

The Journal of Machine Learning Research 2020年第1期21卷 8590-8628页

作者： Fanghui Liu Xiaolin Huang Chen Gong Jie Yang Li Li Department of Electrical Engineering ESAT-STADIUS KU Leuven Belgium Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China PCA Lab Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology China and Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR China Department of Automation BNRist Tsinghua University China

In this paper, we propose a data-adaptive non-parametric kernel learning framework in margin based kernel methods. In model formulation, given an initial kernel matrix, a data-adaptive matrix with two constraints is imposed in an entry-wise scheme. Learning this data-adaptive matrix in a formulation-free strategy enlarges the margin between classes and thus improves the model flexibility. The introduced two constraints are imposed either exactly (on small data sets) or approximately (on large data sets) in our model, which provides a controllab.e trade-off between model flexibility and complexity with theoretical demonstration. In algorithm optimization, the objective function of our learning framework is proven to be gradient-Lipschitz continuous. Thereby, kernel and classifier/regressor learning can be efficiently optimized in a unified framework via Nesterov's acceleration. For the scalab.lity issue, we study a decomposition-based approach to our model in the large sample case. The effectiveness of this approximation is illustrated by both empirical studies and theoretical guarantees. Experimental results on various classification and regression benchmark data sets demonstrate that our non-parametric kernel learning framework achieves good performance when compared with other representative kernel learning based algorithms.

关键词： support vector machines non-parametric kernel learning gradient-Lipschitz continuous

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Local Relationship Learning with Person-specific Shape Regularization for Facial Action Unit Detection

Local Relationship Learning with Person-specific Shape Regul...

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IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Xuesong Niu Hu Han Songfan Yang Yan Huang Shiguang Shan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Institute of Computing Technology College of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University TAL Education Group

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132945

Encoding individual facial expressions via action units (AUs) coded by the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) has been found to be an effective approach in resolving the ambiguity issue among different expressions. While a number of methods have been proposed for AU detection, robust AU detection in the wild remains a challenging problem because of the diverse baseline AU intensities across individual subjects, and the weakness of appearance signal of AUs. To resolve these issues, in this work, we propose a novel AU detection method by utilizing local information and the relationship of individual local face regions. Through such a local relationship learning, we expect to utilize rich local information to improve the AU detection robustness against the potential perceptual inconsistency of individual local regions. In addition, considering the diversity in the baseline AU intensities of individual subjects, we further regularize local relationship learning via person-specific face shape information, i.e., reducing the influence of person-specific shape information, and obtaining more AU discriminative features. The proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on two widely used AU detection datasets in the public domain (BP4D and DISFA).

关键词： Gold African Union ASTRONOMICAL UNIT shape information Australia Face local information. Hypodynamia

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Leaf Recognition Based on Capsule Network 15th

Leaf Recognition Based on Capsule Network

引用

15th International Conference on intelligent computing, ICIC 2019

作者： Zheng, Yang Yuan, Chang-An Shang, Li Huang, Zhi-Kai Institute of Machine Learning and Systems Biology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Science Computing and Intelligent Information Processing of GuangXi Higher Education Key Laboratory Nanning Normal University NanningGuangxi China Department of Communication Technology College of Electronic Information Engineering Suzhou Vocational University SuzhouJiangsu215104 China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanchang Institute of Technology NanchangJiangxi330099 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030267629

Plant is an indispensable part of human life, so it is very important to identify and protect plants. Convolutional neural network is a commonly used neural network for image recognition. However, convolutional neural network has huge defects. In order to avoid the defects of convolutional neural network, this paper adopts a new type of neural network: capsule neural network to complete plant leaf recognition. The experiment shows that the capsule neural network has a more effective recognition rate than the common neural network in plant leaf recognition. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Convolution

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