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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Yueming Dou, Shihan Zou, Deqing Yang, Wei Qiang, Weizhong Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai200433 China University of Texas at Dallas Dallas United States National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Due to its open-source nature, Android operating system has been the main target of attackers to exploit. Malware creators always perform different code obfuscations on their apps to hide malicious activities. Features extracted from these obfuscated samples through program analysis contain many useless and disguised features, which leads to many false negatives. To address the issue, in this paper, we demonstrate that obfuscation-resilient malware family analysis can be achieved through contrastive learning. The key insight behind our analysis is that contrastive learning can be used to reduce the difference introduced by obfuscation while amplifying the difference between malware and other types of malware. Based on the proposed analysis, we design a system that can achieve robust and interpretable classification of Android malware. To achieve robust classification, we perform contrastive learning on malware samples to learn an encoder that can automatically extract robust features from malware samples. To achieve interpretable classification, we transform the function call graph of a sample into an image by centrality analysis. Then the corresponding heatmaps can be obtained by visualization techniques. These heatmaps can help users understand why the malware is classified as this family. We implement IFDroid and perform extensive evaluations on two datasets. Experimental results show that IFDroid is superior to state-of-the-art Android malware familial classification systems. Moreover, IFDroid is capable of maintaining a 98.4% F1 on classifying 69,421 obfuscated malware samples. © 2021, CC0.

关键词： Android (operating system)

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Drug3D-DTI: Improved Drug-target Interaction Prediction by Incorporating Spatial information of Small Molecules

Drug3D-DTI: Improved Drug-target Interaction Prediction by I...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2021

作者： Liao, Zhirui Huang, Xiaodi Mamitsuka, Hiroshi Zhu, Shanfeng Fudan University School of Computer Science Shanghai200433 China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Computing Mathematics and Engineering Charles Sturt University AlburyNSW2640 Australia Bioinformatics Center Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Kyoto Uji611-0011 Japan Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Ministry of Education China MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Shanghai200433 China Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing Fudan University Shanghai200433 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665401265

A number of machine learning (ML) approaches for drug discovery have been availab.e that rely only on sequential (1D) and planar (2D) information without effectively using the 3D information for generating features of drugs. However, 3D information of small molecules can reflect relative position of atoms more directly, which affects molecular properties. In this work, we present a new deep learning model called Drug3D-DTI for drug-target interaction prediction. Drug3D-DTI takes advantage of molecular spatial information, i.e., atom proximity in three-dimensional (3D) structures. We comprehensively evaluated the performance of Drug3D-DTI on two datasets with two tasks of regression and classification. In particular, we compared Drug3D-DTI with several existing methods including the two cutting-edge methods for compound-protein interaction prediction. From the experimental results, Drug3D-DTI clearly outperformed other methods under all settings. Further, this performance improvement was validated by ablation experiments and a case study. The implementation of Drug3D-DTI is availab.e at (https://***/zhiruiliao/Drug3D-DTI). © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Molecules

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CTSpine1K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Spinal Vertebrae Segmentation in Computed Tomography

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Deng, Yang Wang, Ce Hui, Yuan Li, Qian Li, Jun Luo, Shiwei Sun, Mengke Quan, Quan Yang, Shuxin Hao, You Liu, Pengbo Xiao, Honghu Zhao, Chunpeng Wu, Xinbao Zhou, S. Kevin Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou215028 China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Jiangsu Suzhou China Department of Radiology Guangzhou First People’s Hospital School of Medicine South China University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing100035 China

Spine-related diseases have high morbidity and cause a huge burden of social cost. Spine imaging is an essential tool for noninvasively visualizing and assessing spinal pathology. Segmenting vertebrae in computed tomography (CT) images has always been the base of quantitative medical image analysis for clinical diagnosis and surgery planning of spine diseases. Current publicly availab.e annotated datasets on spinal vertebrae are small in size. Due to the lack of a large-scale annotated spine image dataset, the mainstream deep learning-based segmentation methods, which are data-driven, are heavily restricted. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale spine CT dataset called CTSpine1K, curated from multiple sources for vertebra segmentation, which contains 1,005 CT volumes with over 500,000 lab.led vertebrae slices and 11,172 vertebrae belonging to different spinal conditions. Based on this dataset, we conducted several spinal vertebrae segmentation experiments to set the first benchmark. We believe that this large-scale dataset will facilitate further research in many spine-related image analysis tasks, including but not limited to vertebrae segmentation, lab.ling, 3D spine reconstruction from biplanar radiographs, and image superresolution and enhancement. Our dataset are publically availab.e at https://***/data/archive/projects/africai_miccai2024_ctspine1k and https://***/MIRACLE-Center/CTSpine1K. . © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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Exploring multi-loss function based attention framework for vehicle re-identification 10

Exploring multi-loss function based attention framework for ...

引用

10th International Conference on information Technology in Medicine and Education, ITME 2019

作者： Liu, Wei Zhang, Yi Luo, Zhiming Li, Shaozi East China Jiaotong University Jiangxi China Cognitive Science Department Xiamen University Fujian China Postdoc Center of Information and Communication Engineering Xiamen University China Key Lab. of Cogn. Computing and Intelligent Information Processing of Fujian Education Institutions Wuyishan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vision Based Monitoring for Hydroelectric Engineering Yi Chang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728139173

Vehicle Re-identification(Re-ID) refers to the task of matching a specific vehicle across multiple non-overlapping cameras. Precise vehicle Re-ID suffers from two main challenges: (1) different vehicle identities with a similar appearance of the same type have a subtle inter-instance discrepancy, (2) one vehicle usually has large intra-instance differences due to viewpoint and illumination variations. To address these challenges, in this paper, we proposed an Attention-based Framework for Vehicle Re-ID named AFVR, which combines the benefits of both the cross-entropy loss function and the triplet loss function. Experimental results on two popular vehicle Re-ID benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, compared with the state of the arts. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicles

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Interference-assisted kaleidoscopic meta-plexer for arbitrary spin-wavefront manipulation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 1141-1150页

作者： He-Xiu Xu Guangwei Hu Ying Li Lei Han Jianlin Zhao Yunming Sun Fang Yuan Guang-Ming Wang Zhi Hao Jiang Xiaohui Ling Tie Jun Cui Cheng-Wei Qiu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Air and Missile Defense College Air force Engineering University710051 Xi’anChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Applications College of Physics and Electronics EngineeringHengyang Normal University421008 HengyangChina School of Natural and Applied Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical University710072 Xi’anChina Advanced Technique Department Key Lab of Aeronautics Computing Technique710075 Xi’anChina State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University210096 NanjingChina

Achieving simultaneous polarization and wavefront control,especially circular polarization with the auxiliary degree of freedom of light and spin angular momentum,is of fundamental importance in many optical *** are typically undesirable in highly integrated photonic circuits and ***,we propose an interference-assisted metasurface-multiplexer(meta-plexer)that counterintuitively exploits constructive and destructive interferences between hybrid meta-atoms and realizes independent spin-selective wavefront *** kaleidoscopic meta-plexers are experimentally demonstrated via two types of single-layer spinwavefront multiplexers that are composed of spatially rotated anisotropic *** type generates a spinselective Bessel-beam wavefront for spin-down light and a low scattering cross-section for stealth for spin-up *** other type demonstrates versatile control of the vortex wavefront,which is also characterized by the orbital angular momentum of light,with frequency-switchable numbers of beams under linearly polarized wave *** findings offer a distinct interference-assisted concept for realizing advanced multifunctional photonics with arbitrary and independent spin-wavefront features.A variety of applications can be readily anticipated in optical diodes,isolators,and spin-Hall meta-devices without cascading bulky optical elements.

关键词： arbitrary momentum versatile

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A study on the uncertainty of convolutional layers in deep neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Shen, Haojing Chen, Sihong Wang, Ran Big Data Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Guangdong Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University ShenzhenGuangdong518060 China College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

This paper shows a Min-Max property existing in the connection weights of the convolutional layers in a neural network structure, i.e., the LeNet. Specifically, the Min-Max property means that, during the back propagation-based training for LeNet, the weights of the convolutional layers will become far away from their centers of intervals, i.e., decreasing to their minimum or increasing to their maximum. From the perspective of uncertainty, we demonstrate that the Min-Max property corresponds to minimizing the fuzziness of the model parameters through a simplified formulation of convolution. It is experimentally confirmed that the model with the Min-Max property has a stronger adversarial robustness, thus this property can be incorporated into the design of loss function. This paper points out a changing tendency of uncertainty in the convolutional layers of LeNet structure, and gives some insights to the interpretability of convolution. © 2020, CC-BY.

关键词： Convolution

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Incorporating Hidden Layer representation into Adversarial Attacks and Defences

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Shen, Haojing Chen, Sihong Wang, Ran Wang, Xizhao Big Data Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Guangdong Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Guangdong Shenzhen518060 China The College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

In this paper, we propose a defence strategy to improves adversarial robustness incorporating hidden layer representation. The key of this defence strategy aims to compress or filter input’s information including adversarial perturbation. And this defence strategy can be regarded as an activation function which can be applied any kind of neural networks. We also prove theoretically the effectiveness of this defense strategy under certain conditions. Besides, incorporating hidden layer representation we propose three types of adversarial attacks to generate three types of adversarial examples, respectively. The experiments show that our defence method can significantly improve the adversarial robustness of deep neural networks which achieves the state-of-the-art performance even though we do not adopt adversarial training. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Feature Selection for Data Classification based on Binary Brain Storm Optimization

Feature Selection for Data Classification based on Binary Br...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud computing and Intelligence Systems (CCIS)

作者： Farhad Pourpanah Ran Wang Xizhao Wang College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Key Lab. Of advanced machine learning and applications Shenzhen University China Guangdong Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University China

ISBN: (数字)9781728138633

ISBN: (纸本)9781728138640

Brain Storm Optimization (BSO) is an effective population-based optimization method inspired by human brainstorming process. This paper proposes a new binary BSO algorithm (BBSO) to develop a new feature selection approach in order to reduce the number of selected features and/or improve the classification accuracy. Specifically, a new update rule mechanism for generating new solutions is proposed, which improves the convergence speed and reduces the possibility of immature convergence in the algorithm. Furthermore, a fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM) neural network, which is an incremental learning model, is utilized as a classification approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the selected feature subsets. The performance of the proposed method is compared with those from the original BSO, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) on eight commonly used and well-known benchmark problems. The experimental results indicate the superiority of the BBSO as compared with other state-of-the-art feature selection methods.

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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Syntax-enhanced Pre-trained model

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Xu, Zenan Guo, Daya Tang, Duyu Su, Qinliang Shou, Linjun Gong, Ming Zhong, Wanjun Quan, Xiaojun Jiang, Daxin Duan, Nan School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China Microsoft Search Technology Center Asia Beijing China Guangdong Key Laboratory Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangzhou China Key Lab. of Machine Intelligence and Advanced Computing Ministry of Education China

We study the problem of leveraging the syntactic structure of text to enhance pre-trained models such as BERT and RoBERTa. Existing methods utilize syntax of text either in the pre-training stage or in the fine-tuning stage, so that they suffer from discrepancy between the two stages. Such a problem would lead to the necessity of having human-annotated syntactic information, which limits the application of existing methods to broader scenarios. To address this, we present a model that utilizes the syntax of text in both pre-training and fine-tuning stages. Our model is based on Transformer with a syntax-aware attention layer that considers the dependency tree of the text. We further introduce a new pre-training task of predicting the syntactic distance among tokens in the dependency tree. We evaluate the model on three downstream tasks, including relation classification, entity typing, and question answering. Results show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance on six public benchmark datasets. We have two major findings. First, we demonstrate that infusing automatically produced syntax of text improves pre-trained models. Second, global syntactic distances among tokens bring larger performance gains compared to local head relations between contiguous tokens. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Syntactics

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A Review of Generalized Zero-Shot Learning Methods

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Pourpanah, Farhad Abdar, Moloud Luo, Yuxuan Zhou, Xinlei Wang, Ran Lim, Chee Peng Wang, Xi-Zhao Jonathan Wu, Q.M. The Centre for Computer Vision and Deep Learning Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor WindsorONN9B 3P4 Canada Deakin University Australia The Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The College of Mathematics and Statistics Shenzhen Key Lab. of Advanced Machine Learning and Applications Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Guangdong Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

Generalized zero-shot learning (GZSL) aims to train a model for classifying data samples under the condition that some output classes are unknown during supervised learning. To address this challenging task, GZSL leverages semantic information of the seen (source) and unseen (target) classes to bridge the gap between both seen and unseen classes. Since its introduction, many GZSL models have been formulated. In this review paper, we present a comprehensive review on GZSL. Firstly, we provide an overview of GZSL including the problems and challenges. Then, we introduce a hierarchical categorization for the GZSL methods and discuss the representative methods in each category. In addition, we discuss the availab.e benchmark data sets and applications of GZSL, along with a discussion on the research gaps and directions for future investigations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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