The coupling effects of low grade heat source on thermodynamic performances of both the basic and regenerative sub-critical Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems are investigated and compared. Turbine inlet pressure and...
The coupling effects of low grade heat source on thermodynamic performances of both the basic and regenerative sub-critical Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems are investigated and compared. Turbine inlet pressure and turbine inlet temperature are treated as independent variables. The system exergy efficiency is selected as the thermodynamic performance criterion. The waste hot water with temperature range of 373.15K to 423.15K is selected as the low grade heat source. Optimization studies are carried out by using eight common organic working fluids to recover heat energy, and relevant operating conditions are obtained respectively. The results indicate that both hot fluid inlet temperature and the allowable minimum hot fluid outlet temperature influence the optimal working fluid, relevant turbine inlet condition and system exergy efficiency. Optimal system exergy efficiency increases monotonously with increasing of hot fluid temperature for both ORC systems above. In comparison to the basic cycle configuration, optimal system exergy efficiency for the regenerative system using the same working fluid is not changed if relevant turbine inlet vapor is saturated, but is significantly improved if relevant turbine inlet vapor is overheating. Besides, the optimal working fluid is dependent on the heat source temperature and specific cycle configuration.
In this paper, a typical cylindrical hole with contoured craters is investigated in terms of the downstream flow field by numerical method at blowing ratios of 0.5, 1 and 1.5. The flow field and the cooling effectiven...
In this paper, a typical cylindrical hole with contoured craters is investigated in terms of the downstream flow field by numerical method at blowing ratios of 0.5, 1 and 1.5. The flow field and the cooling effectiveness are analyzed using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the shear stress transport turbulence model. In comparison to the cylindrical hole, the cratered hole shows a wider coolant coverage in lateral direction and a lower penetration into the mainstream flow due to the larger hole exit area. Moreover, the interaction between the coolant and the curved protrusion induces a new anti-kidney-shaped vortex pair, which can obviously improve the cooling coverage and thus the cooling effectiveness. The area-averaged cooling effectiveness for the cratered hole is always higher than that for the cylindrical hole at all three blowing ratios.
The micro-mechanism of the silicon-based waveguide surface smoothing is investigated systematically to explore the effects of silicon-hydrogen bonds on high-temperature hydrogen annealing waveguides. The effect of sil...
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The micro-mechanism of the silicon-based waveguide surface smoothing is investigated systematically to explore the effects of silicon-hydrogen bonds on high-temperature hydrogen annealing waveguides. The effect of silicon- hydrogen bonds on the surface migration movement of silicon atoms and the waveguide surface topography are revealed. The micro-migration from an upper state to a lower state of silicon atoms is driven by silicon- hydrogen bonding, which is the key to ameliorate the rough surface morphology of the silicon-based waveguide. The process of hydrogen annealing is experimentally validated based on the simulated parameters. The surface roughness declines from 1.523nm to 0.461 nm.
Silk fibroin-type II collagen scaffold was made by 3D printing technique and freeze-drying method, and its mechanical properties were studied by experiments and theoretical prediction. The results show that the three-...
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The micro-texture on the tool surface is an effective way to improve the quality of the drilling. While high-performance micro-texture plays an important role in improving the quality of working surface and prolonging...
The micro-texture on the tool surface is an effective way to improve the quality of the drilling. While high-performance micro-texture plays an important role in improving the quality of working surface and prolonging the life of tool. In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model was established to study the relationship between drilling thrust, torque and microstructure parameters (micro-pit depth, micro-pit diameter and micro-pit spacing) during drilling of cortical bone. The model was validated by cortical bone drilling using a micro-structured tool. On basis of this, the thrust and torque prediction models of the micro-texture parameters were obtained. The results indicate that the thrust and torque increased with the increase of micro-pit diameter; while the increase of the micro-pit spacing caused the thrust and torque to decrease. When the depth of the micro-pit increased, the thrust and torque decreased first and then increased, and we found that the effect of micro-pit spacing and micro-pit depth on force and torque is insignificant.
Trajectory generation is a prerequisite for robot controlsystem and is divided into two regions, Cartesian space and joint space. This paper presents an approach to generate the trajectory in joint-space. This method...
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Trajectory generation is a prerequisite for robot controlsystem and is divided into two regions, Cartesian space and joint space. This paper presents an approach to generate the trajectory in joint-space. This method uses normalization and transformation of the sine function to generate the desired trajectory, which is more smooth and continuous than the parabolic method in multiple time derivatives of the joint parameter. Compared with the third order polynomial method, this approach can depress the unacceptable infinite spikes in the jerk, which is the derivative of acceleration. Besides, the using of normalization in this approach is to make it more convenient and efficient be applied.
To address the incomplete problem in pulmonary parenchyma segmentation based on the traditional methods, a novel automated segmentation method based on an eight- neighbor region growing algorithm with left-right scann...
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To address the incomplete problem in pulmonary parenchyma segmentation based on the traditional methods, a novel automated segmentation method based on an eight- neighbor region growing algorithm with left-right scanning and four-corner rotating and scanning is proposed in this pa- per. The proposed method consists of four main stages: image binarization, rough segmentation of lung, image denoising and lung contour refining. First, the binarization of images is done and the regions of interest are extracted. After that, the rough segmentation of lung is performed through a general region growing method. Then the improved eight-neighbor region growing is used to remove noise for the upper, mid- dle, and bottom region of lung. Finally, corrosion and ex- pansion operations are utilized to smooth the lung boundary. The proposed method was validated on chest positron emis- sion tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) data of 30 cases from a hospital in Shanxi, China. Experimental results show that our method can achieve an average volume overlap ratio of 96.21 ± 0.39% with the manual segmentation results. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed algorithm segments the lung in PET-CT images more efficiently and ac- curately.
The network structure and functional properties of gene regulatory system and their relationships arc an important research field in systems biology. In this paper, a new improved model is proposed based on the study ...
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The network structure and functional properties of gene regulatory system and their relationships arc an important research field in systems biology. In this paper, a new improved model is proposed based on the study of gene expression process. The model takes into account the effect of protein concentration on the gene expression, so as to obtain a new bifurcation point and improve the performance of the system. The validity of the model is verified by theoretical analysis and data simulation.
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