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Optimal Assimilation of Microwave Upper-Level Sounding Data in CMA-GFS

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第10期41卷 2043-2060页

作者： Changjiao DONG Hao HU Fuzhong WENG School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre(CEMC) China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

Various approaches have been proposed to minimize the upper-level systematic biases in global numerical weather prediction(NWP)models by using satellite upper-air sounding channels as ***,since the china meteorological administration Global Forecast System(CMA-GFS)has a model top near 0.1 hPa(60 km),the upper-level temperature bias may exceed 4 K near 1 hPa and further extend to 5 *** this study,channels 12–14 of the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A(AMSU-A)onboard five satellites of NOAA and METOP,whose weighting function peaks range from 10 to 2 hPa are all used as anchor observations in *** is shown that the new“Anchor”approach can effectively reduce the biases near the model top and their downward propagation in three-month assimilation *** bias growth rate of simulated upper-level channel observations is reduced to±0.001 K d^(–1),compared to–0.03 K d^(–1)derived from the current dynamic correction *** relatively stable bias significantly improves the upper-level analysis field and leads to better global medium-range forecasts up to 10 days with significant reductions in the temperature and geopotential forecast error above 10 hPa.

关键词： CMA-GFS upper-level model bias anchoring bias correction satellite microwave data assimilation

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cloud Water Resource in North china in 2017 Simulated by the CMA-CPEFS cloud Resolving Model:Validation and Quantification

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Journal of meteorological Research 2022年第3期36卷 520-538页

作者： Chao TAN Miao CAI Yuquan ZHOU Weiguo LIU Zhijin HU CMA Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics Weather Modification CenterChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081

Based on the concept of cloud water resource(CWR)and the cloud microphysical scheme developed by the Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences(CAMS),a coupled mesoscale and cloud-resolving model system is developed in the study for CWR numerical quantification(CWR-NQ)in North china for *** results show that(1)the model system is stable and capable for performing 1-yr continuous simulation with a water budget error of less than 0.2%,which indicates a good water balance.(2)Compared with the observational data,it is confirmed that the simulating capability of the CWR-NQ approach is decent for the spatial distribution of yearly cumulative precipitation,daily precipitation intensity,yearly average spatial distribution of water vapor.(3)Compared with the CWR diagnostic quantification(CWR-DQ),the results from the CWR-NQ differ mainly in cloud condensation and cloud ***,the deviation of the net condensation(condensation minus evaporation)between the two methods is less than 1%.For other composition variables,such as water vapor advection,surface evaporation,precipitation,cloud condensation,and total atmospheric water substances,the relative differences between the CWR-NQ and the CWR-DQ are less than 5%.(4)The spatiotemporal features of the CWR in North china are also *** positive correlation between water vapor convergence and precipitation on monthly and seasonal scales,and the lag of precipitation relative to water vapor convergence on hourly and daily scales are analyzed in detail,indicating the significance of the state term on hourly and daily *** effects of different spatial scales on the state term,advection term,source-sink term,and total amount are *** is shown that the advective term varies greatly at different spatiotemporal scales,which leads to differences at different spatiotemporal scales in CWR and related characteristic quantities.

关键词： cloud water resource atmospheric moisture budget long-term continuous simulation model validation spatiotemporal characteristics

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A rapid assessment of MWRI-RM/FY3G brightness temperature

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 42-46页

作者： Wenying He Xinran Xia Shengli Wu Peng Zhang Hongbin Chen Xiang'ao Xia Yuquan Zhou Miao Cai LAGEO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Hydrology and Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina National Satellite Meteorological Centure Chinese Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification CMABeijingChina

2023年4月发射的FY-3G上搭载17个频率的测雨微波成像仪(MWRI-RM),其业务定标的微波亮温(Tb)数据于2023年10月23日公开发布.本文比对了发布10天的MWRI-RM与全球降水测量(GPM)卫星上的微波成像仪(GMI)相匹配的Tb数据,并借助辐射传输模式... 详细信息

2023年4月发射的FY-3G上搭载17个频率的测雨微波成像仪(MWRI-RM),其业务定标的微波亮温(Tb)数据于2023年10月23日公开发布.本文比对了发布10天的MWRI-RM与全球降水测量(GPM)卫星上的微波成像仪(GMI)相匹配的Tb数据,并借助辐射传输模式进行双差分(DD)交叉定标分析,旨在快速评估新一代MWRI-RM观测数据质量.观测比较表明,MWR1-RM与GMI测量的Tb一致性很好,大多通道的平均偏差(MBE)和均方根误差(RMSE)均小于1K.两种传感器由于观测角度略有不同在水面产生约0.5 K差异.DD分析也展示出MWRI-RM的大多数通道性能与GMI相当接近,尤其是首次启用的高频166 GHz和183 GHz.

关键词： FY3G MWRI-RM GMI 亮度温度双差分方法

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Microphysical characteristics of precipitating cumulus cloud based on airborne Ka-band cloud radar and droplet measurements

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2022年第2期15卷 65-70页

作者： Lei Wei Mengyu Huang Rong Zhang Yuhuan Lü Tuanjie Hou Hengchi Lei Delong Zhao Wei Zhou Yuan Fu Beijing Weather Modification Center BeijingChina Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration BeijingChina Wuqing Meteorological Observatory of Tianjin TianjinChina Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory HangzhouChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Cloud Precipitation and Atmospheric Water ResourcesBeijingChina Beijing Meteorological Bureau BeijingChina

Based on cloud-probe data and airborne Ka-band cloud radar data collected in Baoding on 5 August 2018,the microphysical structural characteristics of cumulus(Cu)cloud at the precipitation stage were *** cloud droplets in the Cu cloud were found to be significantly larger than those in stratiform(STF)*** the Cu cloud,most cloud particles were between 7 and 10μm in diameter,while in the STF cloud the majority of cloud particles grew no larger than 2μ*** sensitivity of cloud properties to aerosols varied with *** cloud droplet effective radius showed a negative relationship with the aerosol number concentration(Na)in the cloud planetary boundary layer(PBL)and upper layer above the ***,the cloud droplet concentration(Nc)varied little with decreased Na in the high liquid water content region above 1500 *** Na values of between 300 and 1853 cm-3 were found in the PBL,and the maximum Na was sampled near the surface in August in the Hebei region,which was lower than that in autumn and *** radar reflectivity corresponded to large FCDP(fast cloud droplet probe)particle concentrations and small aerosol particle concentrations,and vice versa for low radar *** updrafts in the Cu cloud increased the peak radius and Nc,and broadened cloud droplet spectrum;lower air temperature was favorable for particle condensational growth and produced larger droplets.

关键词： Airplane observation Microphysical processes Ka-band cloud radar Cumulus

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Isotopic Analysis for Tracing Vertical Growth Trajectories of Hailstones

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第6期42卷 1195-1211页

作者： Xiangyu LIN Haifan ZHANG Xiaofei LI Qinghong ZHANG Andrew HEYMSFIELD Kai BI Chan-Pang NG Chong WU Dianli GONG Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Institute of Earth Surface System and HazardsCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710127China National Center for Atmospheric Science BoulderColoradoCO 80307United States Field Experiment Base of Cloud and Precipitation Research in North China China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 101200China State Key Lab of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological ScienceBeijing 100081China Weather Modification Office of Shandong Province People’s Government Ji’nan 250051China

The growth trajectory of hailstones within clouds has remained elusive due to the inability to trace them directly,impeding the comprehension of their underlying growth *** study investigated hailstone vertical growth trajectories by detecting the stable isotope signatures(2H and 18O compositions)of different shells in 27 hailstones from 9hailstorms,which allowed us to capture the ambient temperature during hailstone *** vertical growth trajectories were obtained by comparing the isotopic compositions of water condensate in clouds,derived from the Adiabatic Model,with those measured in *** hailstone growth was primarily observed in the–10°C to–30°C temperature layer,the embryo formation height and subsequent growth trajectories significantly varied among *** formed over a wide range of temperatures(–8.7°C to–33.4°C);four originated at temperatures above–15°C and 16originated at temperatures below–20°C,suggesting ice nuclei composed of bioproteins and mineral dust,*** the 27 measured hailstones,3 exhibited minimal vertical movement,16 exhibited a monotonic rise or fall,and the remaining 8 exhibited alternating up-down trajectories;only one experienced“recycling”during up-down *** analysis revealed that similar-sized hailstones from a single storm tended to form at similar heights,whereas those larger than 25 mm in diameter exhibited at least one period of upward *** trajectories derived from isotopic analysis were corroborated by radar hydrometeor observations.

关键词： growth trajectory hailstone hailstorm isotopic analysis radar

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FACT:An Air-Ground Communication Framework for Seeding Quality Control of Aircraft

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 539-555页

作者： Dequan Li Jiming Li Xu Zhou Jin Rong Hu Xin Wang Jing Duan State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing100081China Key Laboratory for Cloud Physics of China Meteorological Administration Beijing100081China Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu610225China Curacloud Corporation SeattleWA98104USA

A new type of air-ground communication application framework named FACT(framework for air-ground communication technology with weather-modification aircraft)is presented to track and command weather-modification aircraft to perform ideal cloud *** provides a set of solutions from three perspectives,namely,onboard,onground and air-to-ground,with the core purpose of solving the problems of the rapid exchange of information,contract analysis and identifying potential seeding areas when flight plans and meteorological conditions *** board,the observed data are processed centrally and transmitted downward through air-to-ground *** real-time application and sharing of aircraft detection data are strengthened on the ground,and potential areas of operation are automatically identified based on ground *** communication between the air and the ground achieves a technical breakthrough by realizing double satellite links,adaptive data transmission and VPN channel ***,an application based on FACT is designed and implemented for the real-time command of weather-modified *** approach has become the key air-to-ground communication system support for more than 40 Chinese aircraft and the big data service support center of airborne data to ensure improved operation of weather-modification aircraft in china.

关键词： Air-ground communication application framework aircraft operation data transmission and analysis

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Verification of Seasonal Prediction by the Upgraded china Multi-Model Ensemble Prediction System (CMMEv2.0)

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Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第5期38卷 880-900页

作者： Jie WU Hong-Li REN Jianghua WAN Jingpeng LIU Jinqing ZUO Changzheng LIU Ying LIU Yu NIE Chongbo ZHAO Li GUO Bo LU Lijuan CHEN Qing BAO Jingzhi SU Lin WANG Jing-Jia LUO Xiaolong JIA Qingchen CHAO CMA Key Laboratory of Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Based on a combination of six Chinese climate models and three international operational models,the china multimodel ensemble(CMME)prediction system has been upgraded into its version 2(CMMEv2.0)at the National Climate Centre(NCC)of the china meteorological administration(CMA)by including new model members and expanding prediction products.A comprehensive assessment of the performance of the upgraded CMME during its hindcast(1993–2016)and real-time prediction(2021–present)periods is conducted in this *** results demonstrate that CMMEv2.0 outperforms all the individual models by capturing more realistic equatorial sea surface temperature(SST)*** exhibits better prediction skills for precipitation and 2-m temperature anomalies,and the improvements in prediction skill of CMMEv2.0 are significant over East *** superiority of CMMEv2.0 can be attributed to its better projection of El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO;with the temporal correlation coefficient score for Niño3.4 index reaching 0.87 at 6-month lead)and ENSO-related *** for the real-time prediction in recent three years,CMMEv2.0 has also yielded relatively stable skills;it successfully predicted the primary rainbelt over northern china in summers of 2021–2023 and the warm conditions in winters of 2022/*** that,ensemble sampling experiments indicate that the CMMEv2.0 skills become saturated after the ensemble model number increased to 5–6,indicating that selection of only an optimal subgroup of ensemble models could benefit the prediction performance,especially over the extratropics,yet the underlying reasons await future investigation.

关键词： china multi-model ensemble(CMME)prediction system predictability source El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) real-time forecast verification

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The sensitivity of the Asian summer monsoon simulation to horizontal resolution and air-sea coupling in the FGOALS-f climate system model

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2025年第1期16卷 44-57页

作者： Xin-Yu HE Bian HE Qing BAO Yi-Min LIU Jian-Dong LI Xiao-Cong WANG Xiao-Chen CHEN Guo-Xiong WU National Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Straits Severe WeatherChina Meteorological AdministrationFuzhou 350008China Fujian Climate Center Fuzhou 350008China

The relative importance between horizontal resolution and air-sea coupling on improving Asian summer monsoon(ASM)simulation skill remains *** this study,we investigated the sensitivity of ASM to horizontal resolution and air-sea coupling via simulations using a series of versions of the FGOALS-f *** possible causes of bias are further *** results show that the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP)run of high model resolution(25 km)achieves the highest skill on capturing ASM pattern,while the AMIP run of low model resolution(100 km)appears the lowest *** analysis of the hydrological cycle and monsoon dynamics suggested that the simulation of the vertical moisture transport term was the primary contributor to excessive precipitation over the western *** addition,the excessive release of latent heat and strong ASM circulation are also responsible for the strong precipitation intensity in the AMIP ***,although the air-sea coupled simulation exhibited the higher skill level,the simulated sea surface temperature(SST)exhibited an overall cold *** cold bias partly counteracted excessive moisture transport after air-sea interaction is ***,increasing resolution could be helpful for more accurate simulation of advection,and together with the use of prescribed observed daily SST could play more important roles than only considering air-sea coupling on improving ASM simulations.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon High resolution Air-sea interaction FGOALS-f3 Hydrological cycle

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A Multi-Domain Compression Radiative Transfer Model for the Fengyun-4 Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS)

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第10期40卷 1844-1858页

作者： Mingyue SU Chao LIU Di DI Tianhao LE Yujia SUN Jun LI Feng LU Peng ZHANG Byung-Ju SOHN Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Key Laboratory School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather)Beijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea

Forward radiative transfer(RT)models are essential for atmospheric applications such as remote sensing and weather and climate models,where computational efficiency becomes equally as important as accuracy for high-resolution hyperspectral measurements that need rigorous RT simulations for thousands of *** study introduces a fast and accurate RT model for the hyperspectral infrared(HIR)sounder based on principal component analysis(PCA)or machine learning(i.e.,neural network,NN).The Geosynchronous Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS),the first HIR sounder onboard the geostationary Fengyun-4 satellites,is considered to be a candidate example for model development and *** method uses either PCA or NN(PCA/NN)twice for the atmospheric transmittance and radiance,respectively,to reduce the number of independent but similar simulations to accelerate RT simulations;thereby,it is referred to as a multi-domain compression *** first PCA/NN gives monochromatic gas transmittance in both spectral and atmospheric pressure domains for each gas *** second PCA/NN is performed in the traditional spectral radiance ***,a new method is introduced to choose representative variables for the PCA/NN scheme *** model is three orders of magnitude faster than the standard line-by-line-based simulations with averaged brightness temperature difference(BTD)less than 0.1 K,and the compressions based on PCA or NN methods result in comparable efficiency and *** fast model not only avoids an excessively complicated transmittance scheme by using PCA/NN but is also highly flexible for hyperspectral instruments with similar spectral ranges simply by updating the corresponding spectral response functions.

关键词： radiative transfer model principal component analysis machine learning GIIRS

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Visible and shortwave-infrared spectral characteristics of mixed-phase clouds in typical satellite radiometer channels

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第4期18卷 67-72页

作者： Lijun Hu Bin Yao Shiwen Teng Byung-Ju Sohn Hongchun Jin Chao Liu Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation Key Laboratory School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Innovation Center for FengYun Meteorological Satellite(FYSIC) National Satellite Meteorological Center(National Center for Space Weather)BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjingChina College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdaoChina KuWeather Science and Technology Co.Ltd. QingdaoChina

Mixed-phase clouds(MPCs)involve complex microphysical and dynamical processes of cloud formation and dissipation,which are crucial for numerical weather prediction and cloud-climate ***,satellite remote sensing of MPC properties is still challenging,and there is seldom MPC result inferred from passive spectral *** study examines the spectral characteristics of MPCs in the shortwave-infrared(SWIR)channels over the wavelength of 0.4–2.5μm,and evaluates the potential of current operational satellite spectroradiometer channels for MPC *** optical properties of MPCs based on the assumption of uniform mixing of both ice and liquid water particles,the effects of MPC ice optical thickness fraction(IOTF)and effective radius on associated optical properties are *** expected,results indicate that the MPC optical properties show features for ice and liquid water clouds,and their spectral variations show noticeable differences from those for homogeneous cases.A radiative transfer method is employed to examine the sensitivity of SWIR channels to given MPC cloud water path(CWP)and *** have unique signal characteristics in the SWIR *** 0.87-μm channel is most sensitive to ***,the 1.61-and 2.13-μm channels are more sensitive to water-dominated MPCs(IOTF approaching 0),and the 2.25-μm channel is sensitive to both water-dominated and ice-dominated MPCs(IOTF approaching 1).Such spectral differences are potentially possible to be used to infer MPC properties based on radiometer observations,which will be investigated in future studies.

关键词： Mixed-phase clouds Spectral characteristics Optical properties Satellite retrieval Shortwave infrared

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