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2023 International Conference on Neuromorphic Computing, ICNC 2023

作者： Wu, Kaiyue Huang, Changwu Yao, Xin Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Intelligent Computation Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Southern University of Science and Technology Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Shenzhen518055 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316889

Estimating the confidence of a machine learning (ML) model plays an important role in minimizing undesirable outcomes and safety risks when using ML models in the real world, especially in high-stake application scenarios. However, the majority of existing confidence estimation methods do not work well without incorporating internal information from the model, such as the gradients, internal representations or checkpoints of its training process, which might compromise the security of the model. To alleviate such limitations, we intend to design a reliable confidence estimation method that requires as little internal model information as possible, yet precisely detecting uncertain samples for the model. In this work, we propose a confidence estimation approach that learns the confidence criterion (that is, the true class probability, TCP) based on the explanations of model's predictions. The proposed approach utilizes the knowledge learned in the model with the leverage of the explanations for model's prediction rather than directly extracting internal information of the model, so that it can be adopted in a wide range of applications. Several experiments, including experiments on different datasets, different models and non-IID (independent and identically distributed) test datasets, are conducted to examine the effectiveness of our confidence estimation method. The experimental results show that our proposed approach provides a reliable confidence estimation and generally performs better than the compared methods, especially in the capability of recognizing when a ML model makes errors. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Comprehensive understanding of guest compound intercalated layered double hydroxides: Design and applications in removal of potentially toxic elements

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Critical Reviews in Environmental science and Technology 2023年第4期53卷 457-482页

作者： Cui, Shihao Peng, Yutao Yang, Xiao Gao, Xing Guan, Chung-Yu Fan, Beibei Zhou, Xue Chen, Qing Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Shenzhen China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Environmental Engineering National I-Lan University Yilan Taiwan

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and LDHs-derived materials are emerging as potential engineered adsorbents for the protection of water environment. Particularly, LDHs intercalated with different guest compounds (GC-LDHs), which differ from traditional interlayer anions (such as Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, CO32−, and PO43−), are widely reported by recent studies showing their promising multifunctional roles in water purification. Herein, this review systematically presents the synthesis methods and characterization techniques of GC-LDHs and their application as adsorbents in removing potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from the aqueous phase. This review also elaborates on the important roles of complexation, chelation, precipitation, isomorphic substitution, and ion exchange in the process of PTE removal by GC-LDHs. Among them, compared with PTE cations, ion exchange is an additional mechanism for the removal of PTE oxyanions by GC-LDHs. Furthermore, the influence of pH, ionic strength, temperature, physiochemical properties of original LDHs and guest compounds on the GC-LDHs adsorption performance are also summarized. Finally, the development trends and future challenges related to GC-LDHs are proposed. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Ion exchange

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Decision Mamba: Reinforcement Learning via Hybrid Selective Sequence Modeling 38

Decision Mamba: Reinforcement Learning via Hybrid Selective ...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Huang, Sili Hu, Jifeng Yang, Zhejian Yang, Liwei Luo, Tao Chen, Hechang Sun, Lichao Yang, Bo Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education China School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Lehigh University BethlehemPA United States

Recent works have shown the remarkable superiority of transformer models in reinforcement learning (RL), where the decision-making problem is formulated as sequential generation. Transformer-based agents could emerge with self-improvement in online environments by providing task contexts, such as multiple trajectories, called in-context RL. However, due to the quadratic computation complexity of attention in transformers, current in-context RL methods suffer from huge computational costs as the task horizon increases. In contrast, the Mamba model is renowned for its efficient ability to process long-term dependencies, which provides an opportunity for in-context RL to solve tasks that require long-term memory. To this end, we first implement Decision Mamba (DM) by replacing the backbone of Decision Transformer (DT). Then, we propose a Decision Mamba-Hybrid (DM-H) with the merits of transformers and Mamba in high-quality prediction and long-term memory. Specifically, DM-H first generates high-value sub-goals from long-term memory through the Mamba model. Then, we use sub-goals to prompt the transformer, establishing high-quality predictions. Experimental results demonstrate that DM-H achieves state-of-the-art in long and short-term tasks, such as D4RL, Grid World, and Tmaze benchmarks. Regarding efficiency, the online testing of DM-H in the long-term task is 28× times faster than the transformer-based baselines. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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ABXI: Invariant Interest Adaptation for Task-Guided Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation 25

ABXI: Invariant Interest Adaptation for Task-Guided Cross-Do...

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34th ACM Web Conference, WWW 2025

作者： Bian, Qingtian de Carvalho, Marcus Li, Tieying Xu, Jiaxing Fang, Hui Ke, Yiping College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research of Computation and Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

Cross-Domain Sequential Recommendation (CDSR) has recently gained attention for countering data sparsity by transferring knowledge across domains. A common approach merges domain-specific sequences into cross-domain sequences, serving as bridges to connect domains. One key challenge is to correctly extract the shared knowledge among these sequences and appropriately transfer it. Most existing works directly transfer unfiltered cross-domain knowledge rather than extracting domain-invariant components and adaptively integrating them into domain-specific modelings. Another challenge lies in aligning the domain-specific and cross-domain sequences. Existing methods align these sequences based on timestamps, but this approach can cause prediction mismatches when the current tokens and their targets belong to different domains. In such cases, the domain-specific knowledge carried by the current tokens may degrade performance. To address these challenges, we propose the A-B-Cross-to-Invariant Learning Recommender (ABXI). Specifically, leveraging LoRA’s effectiveness for efficient adaptation, ABXI incorporates two types of LoRAs to facilitate knowledge adaptation. First, all sequences are processed through a shared encoder that employs a domain LoRA for each sequence, thereby preserving unique domain characteristics. Next, we introduce an invariant projector that extracts domain-invariant interests from cross-domain representations, utilizing an invariant LoRA to adapt these interests into modeling each specific domain. Besides, to avoid prediction mismatches, all domain-specific sequences are aligned to match the domains of the cross-domain ground truths. Experimental results on three datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms other CDSR counterparts by a large margin. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： cross-domain sequential recommendation

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Cs_(2)TiI_(6):A potential lead-free all-inorganic perovskite material for ultrahigh-performance photovoltaic cells and alpha-particle detection

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2697-2705页

作者： Peng Zhao Jie Su Yujia Guo Lu Wang Zhenhua Lin Yue Hao Xiaoping Ouyang Jingjing Chang State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of GrapheneSchool of MicroelectronicsXidian University2 South Taibai RoadXi’an 710071China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source School of ScienceXijing UniversityXi’an 710123China State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi’an 710024China

The lead contamination and long-term stability are the two important problems limiting the commercialization of organic–inorganic lead halide *** this study,through an innovative multi-scale simulation strategy based on the first-principle calculations coupling with drift-diffusion model and Monte Carlo method,a new discovery is shed on the vacancy-ordered double perovskite Cs_(2)TiI_(6),a potential nontoxic and stable perovskite material for high-performance solar cell andα-particle *** excellent photon absorption character and ultrahigh carrier mobility(μn=2.26×10^(4)cm^(2)/Vs,μp=7.38×10^(3)cm^(2)/Vs)of Cs_(2)TiI_(6)induce ultrahigh power conversion efficiency(PCE)for both single-junction solar cell(22.70%)and monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell(26.87%).Moreover,the outstanding device performance can be remained even in high energy charge particle detection(α-particle)with excellent charge collection efficiency(CCE=99.2%)and mobility-lifetime product(μτh=1×10^(–3)cm^(2)/V).Furthermore,to our surprise,the solar cell andα-particle detector based on Cs_(2)TiI_(6)material are able to withstand ultrahigh fluence proton beam up to 1013 and 1015 p/cm2 respectively,which strongly suggests that semiconductor devices based on Cs_(2)TiI_(6)material are able to apply in the *** multi-scale simulation connecting from material to device reveals that Cs_(2)TiI_(6)perovskite has the great potential for photovoltaic cells,α-particle detection and even their space application.

关键词： Cs_(2)TiI_(6) first-principle theory drift-diffusion model Monte Carlo method alpha-particle detection

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Multimodal Medical Image Feature Representation and Fusion for AD Early Diagnosis

Multimodal Medical Image Feature Representation and Fusion f...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Qu, Jing Qu, Ying Bai, Xueliang Xu, Lanxin Wang, Han Liu, Guixia Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Changchun China North China University of Science and Technology College of Science Tangshan China Institute of Computational Biology Northeast Normal University School of Information Science and Technology Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is progressive and gets worse with time. Early detection is an effective treatment for the disease, which can timely implement effective interventions. The multi-modal medical image contains more comprehensive and abundant information about the disease, which can reflect the different aspects of AD and reduce the potential bias in single-modal diagnosis. However, an effective and reliable solution is still lacking, which can integrate multimodal neuroimaging effectively for the precision diagnosis and treatment of AD. In this work, we proposed a feature representation and fusion model of MRI and PET scans based on a multiscale convolution network and cross-attention for AD early diagnosis, named camAD. Compared with the existing models, camAD performs better with fewer pre-processing steps. Using the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) datasets, we demonstrated that integrating multi-modality data outperforms single-modality models in accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, AUC, and F1 scores. Our models exhibited significantly good accuracy and generality in four classification tasks, which provided a promising way to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disorder's progression. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Shock wave and bubble characteristics of underwater array explosion of charges

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第8期18卷 1445-1453页

作者： Hong-Wei Hu Pu Song Shuang-feng Guo Hai-yun Feng Dao-kui Li College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073HunanChina Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an710065ShaanxiChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions Changsha410073HunanChina

In this study, we focused on the effect of the underwater explosion parameters of multi-point array explosion. The shock wave and bubble parameters of aggregate charge, two charges, and four charges were measured through an underwater explosion test, and their influence on the explosion power field of charge quantity and array distance was analyzed. Results show that the multi-shock wave collision of array explosion can be approximated to a linear superposition, and the interaction of delayed shock wave can be deemed as the increase of the shock wave baseline. Shock wave focusing and delayed superposition increase the shock wave peak pressure. Compared with the aggregate charge, the greater the number of array explosion points is, the higher the impulse and the gain of the bubble peak pressure are. At the same array distance, the smaller the charge quantity is, the higher the bubble impulse will be. At the same charge quantity, the smaller the array distance is, the higher the bubble impulse will be. The bubble period decreases gradually with the increase of the charge quantity, but the test orientation has little effect on the bubble period.

关键词： Explosion mechanics Underwater explosion Array explosion Shock waveBubble

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New WHO global air quality guidelines help prevent premature deaths in China

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National science Review 2022年第4期9卷 10-12页

作者： Tao Xue Guannan Geng Xia Meng Qingyang Xiao Yixuan Zheng Jicheng Gong Jun Liu Wei Wan Qiang Zhang Haidong Kan Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Clean Air Asia Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua University

The air quality guidelines （AQGs） issued by the World Health Organization （WHO） in 2005 are key references for the National Ambient Air Quality Standards （NAAQSs） in *** 22September 2021,the WHO issued new AQGs （NAQGs）[1],which propose more stringent targets to control exposure to multiple air pollutants,including fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone （O3）,to which,in 2019,451 million premature deaths,globally,were attributable [2].

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Measuring the urban sprawl based on economic-dominated perspective:the case of 31 municipalities and provincial capitals

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地球空间信息科学学报（英文版） 2024年第4期27卷 1272-1289页

作者： Qiqi Zhu Meizhi Zeng Pengfei Jia Mingqiang Guo Xun Liang Qingfeng Guan School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina National Engineering Research Center of GIS China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina National Engineering Research Center of GIS China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina National Engineering Research Center of GIS China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation Ministry of Natural ResourcesShenzhenChina

Accurate measurement of urban sprawl is vital for urban planning and *** planning-induced internal structure complexity affects the extent of urban *** addition,urban sprawl is closely linked to economic *** study attempts to explore the impact of urban sprawl from an economic-dominated *** a City-Ring road-County(CRC)scale framework based on top-down administrative divisions for urban sprawl measurement is proposed:1)the single-index measurement based on economic activity is applied to calculate urban sprawl;2)the spatiotemporal pattern of urban sprawl is investigated through a case study in 31 economy-dominated provincial capital cities across China from 2005 to 2015;3)the impact of economy and land on urban sprawl is explored using correlation *** results indicate that the degree of urban sprawl at the city scale shows an"inverted U-shaped"curve from 2005 to 2015,which represents that the phenomenon of urban sprawl was most severe in *** finds that urban sprawl was more severe in the east and central regions relative to the provincial capitals in the western region,with the situation being most severe in the northeast *** that have been transformed from suburban to urban built-up areas need to be given priority attention by the local government,including population movement,land layout,and fiscal policy,to meet the criteria of the urbanization *** correlation analysis,we also found that urban sprawl was influenced by the industry structure and the form of built-up *** outcome of the study suggests that the data scale is sufficiently small in granularity to provide geographic boundaries for systematic analysis of urban sprawl in multiple administrative ***,the study helps provide a reference for differential planning policy formulation by governments at diverse economic levels.

关键词： China urban sprawl urban planning economy land finance 31 municipalities and provincial capitals

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Eutrophication in cold-arid lakes: molecular characteristics and transformation mechanism of DOM under microbial action at the ice-water interface

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Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-17页

作者： Wang, Tengke Feng, Weiying Liu, Jing Fan, Wenhong Li, Tingting Song, Fanhao Yang, Fang Liao, Haiqing Leppäranta, Matti School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Environment Research Institute Shandong University Qingdao266273 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of Helsinki Helsinki00014 Finland

During freezing periods, nutrients (carbon and organic matter, etc.) are enriched in the water and sediment of lakes in cold-arid regions, leading to potential algal bloom outbreaks and other health risks to the ecosystem. Particularly, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a critical component of the nutrients and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. However, the mechanisms of DOM transfer between ice and water remain unclear. This study analyzed the influence of microbial community on DOM composition using 16 s RNA, 3DEEM, and FT-ICR MS in Daihai Lake and Wuliangsuhai Lake in the Yellow River Basin, China. According to the spectral analysis, the content of endogenous organic matter, such as humus, accounted for 40% of the total DOM in water, while the content of tryptophan and tyrosine accounted for 80% of the total DOM in ice. The results of mass spectrometry showed that lignin was the main component, and the content of organic matter in the ice was less than that in the water. Molecular structures of seven DOM coexisting in the lake ice and water were elucidated with adapted Kendrick-analogous network visualization, which clearly illustrates that long-chain DOM molecules are derived from small molecules, while other heteroatoms are complexed with the side groups. The positive correlations between CHO, CHNO, CHOS, CHOS and Actinomyces indicate that DOM actively interacted with the microbial community. 44% of CHO compounds have the same molecular formula in water, the content of CHOS in the water of the two lakes was closed to 7% higher than that in the ice. Meanwhile, DOM dynamically migrate between ice and water via interstitial water because of the solubility changes under microbial transformation, which has been proved by the decrease in the contents of the humus and tryptophan-like substances in the ice from the bottom to the surface and lower contents of carbohydrate and unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon in the water than the ice. This study helps

关键词： Aromatization

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