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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Shao, Liangying Zhang, Liang Peng, Minlong Ma, Guoqi Yue, Hao Sun, Mingming Su, Jinsong School of Informatics Xiamen University China Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Fujian and Taiwan Xiamen University Ministry of Culture and Tourism China Cognitive Computing Lab Baidu Research China Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

keyphrase generation (KPG) aims to automatically generate a collection of phrases representing the core concepts of a given document. The dominant paradigms in KPG include ONE2SEQ and ONE2SET. Recently, there has been increasing interest in applying large language models (LLMs) to KPG. Our preliminary experiments reveal that it is challenging for a single model to excel in both recall and precision. Further analysis shows that: 1) the ONE2SET paradigm owns the advantage of high recall, but suffers from improper assignments of supervision signals during training;2) LLMs are powerful in keyphrase selection, but existing selection methods often make redundant selections. Given these observations, we introduce a generate-then-select framework decomposing KPG into two steps, where we adopt a ONE2SET-based model as generator to produce candidates and then use an LLM as selector to select keyphrases from these candidates. Particularly, we make two important improvements on our generator and selector: 1) we design an Optimal Transport-based assignment strategy to address the above improper assignments;2) we model the keyphrase selection as a sequence labeling task to alleviate redundant selections. Experimental results on multiple benchmark datasets show that our framework significantly surpasses state-of-the-art models, especially in absent keyphrase prediction. We release our code at https://***/DeepLearnXMU/KPG-SetLLM. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Hexagonal Convolutional Neural Network for Spatial Transcriptomics Classification

Hexagonal Convolutional Neural Network for Spatial Transcrip...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Gao, Jing Zhang, Fa Hu, Kai Cui, Xuefeng Xiangtan University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Xiangnan University Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence of Hunan Province Chenzhou China Shandong University School of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics have enabled the comprehensive measurement of transcriptional profiles while retaining the spatial contextual information. Identifying spatial domains is a critical step in the analysis of spatially resolved transcriptomics. Existing unsupervised methods perform poorly on this task owing to the large amount of noise and dropout events in the transcriptomic profiles. To address this problem, we first extend an unsupervised algorithm to a supervised learning method that can identify useful features and reduce noise hindrance. Second, inspired by the classical convolution in convolutional neural networks (CNNs), we designed a regular hexagonal convolution to compensate for the missing gene expression patterns from adjacent nodes. Compared with the graph convolution in graph neural networks (GNNs), our hexagonal convolution can preserve the relative spatial location information of different nodes in graph-structured data. Third, based on the hexagonal convolution, a novel hexagonal Convolutional Neural Network (hexCNN) is proposed for spatial transcriptomics classification. Finally, we compared the proposed hexCNN with existing methods on the DLPFC dataset. The results show that hexCNN achieves a classification accuracy of 87.2% and an average Rand index (ARI) of 78.2% (1.9% and 3.3% higher than those of GNNs). © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Convolution

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Accelerating electron tomography reconstruction algorithm ICON with GPU

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Biophysics Reports 2017年第Z1期3卷 36-42页

作者： Yu Chen Zihao Wang Jingrong Zhang Lun Li Xiaohua Wan Fei Sun Fa Zhang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Biological Imaging Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electron tomography(ET) plays an important role in studying in situ cell ultrastructure in threedimensional space. Due to limited tilt angles, ET reconstruction always suffers from the "missing wedge" problem. With a validation procedure, iterative compressed-sensing optimized NUFFT reconstruction(ICON) demonstrates its power in the restoration of validated missing information for low SNR biological ET dataset. However, the huge computational demand has become a major problem for the application of ICON. In this work, we analyzed the framework of ICON and classified the operations of major steps of ICON reconstruction into three types. Accordingly, we designed parallel strategies and implemented them on graphics processing units(GPU) to generate a parallel program ICON-GPU. With high accuracy, ICON-GPU has a great acceleration compared to its CPU version, up to 83.7×, greatly relieving ICON’s dependence on computing resource.

关键词： Acceleration Electron tomography GPU ICON Missing wedge restoration

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Pseudo Multi-Source Domain Extension and Selective Pseudo-Labeling for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Medical Image Segmentation

Pseudo Multi-Source Domain Extension and Selective Pseudo-La...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Xiaokang Liu Zhiqiang Wang Kai Hu Xieping Gao Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Xiangtan China College of Medical Imaging Laboratory and Rehabilitation Xiangnan University Chenzhou China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Hunan Normal University Changsha China

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) attracts extra attention in medical image processing because no additional labels are required when adapting to different distributions. In this work, we propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation framework named as Domain Expansion and PseudoLabeling (DEPL). We extend the domain of a labeled source domain data to four different distributed domains and use adversarial learning to align the image appearance level and feature level from the four different domains to the unlabeled target domain. In addition, we propose a selective pseudolabeling mechanism, namely using strong confidence pseudolabeling to boost model performance. We evaluate our model for the MR to CT adaptation segmentation task on the public dataset MMWHS. Compared to seven other state-of-the-art segmentation methods, our DEPL achieves the best Dice similarity coefficient by 82.4%, which is at least 3.9% higher than the other UDA segmentation methods.

关键词： Image segmentation Adaptation models Computed tomography Distributed databases Signal processing Adversarial machine learning Biomedical image processing

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Adaptive discriminant analysis for face recognition from single sample per person

Adaptive discriminant analysis for face recognition from sin...

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IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： Kan, Meina Shan, Shiguang Su, Yu Chen, Xilin Gao, Wen Digital Media Research Center Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Caen France Institute for Digital Media Peking University Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424491407

Discriminant analysis, especially Fisherface and its numerous variants, have achieved great success in face recognition. However, these methods fail to work for face recognition from Single Sample per Person (SSPP), since they need more than one sample per person to estimate the within-class scatter matrix. To break this inability of traditional discriminant analysis, our paper proposes Adaptive Discriminant Analysis (ADA). In our method, the within-class scatter matrix of each enrolled subject is estimated from his/her single sample, by inferring from a generic training set with multiple samples per person. The inference is inspired by a simple intuition that similar person follows similar within-class variations. Specifically, both kNN regression and Lasso regression are explored for this purpose. We evaluate our method on FERET database and a large real-world face database. The results are very impressive compared with dominant traditional solutions to SSPP problem. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Discriminant analysis

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S2CCT: Self-Supervised Collaborative CNN-Transformer for Few-shot Medical Image Segmentation

S2CCT: Self-Supervised Collaborative CNN-Transformer for Few...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Zhou, Rongzhou Shu, Ziqi Xie, Weixing Yao, Junfeng Hong, Qingqi Xiamen University National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine China Xiamen University Center for Digital Media Computing School of Film School of Informatics Xiamen361005 China Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible Cultural Heritage Fujian and Taiwan Ministry of Culture and Tourism China Xiamen University Institute of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen361005 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Self-supervised pre-training followed by fine-tuning is a potent paradigm for few-shot learning, leveraging extensive unlabeled data with remarkable efficacy. Current self-supervised methods often lean towards Vision Transformers (ViTs) rather than CNN-Transformer hybrid architectures, which generally demonstrate superior performance. However, this reliance on ViTs can lead to poor perception of local features by the model. The challenge lies in designing a suitable proxy task for hybrid architectures like CNN-Transformers, which have significant structural differences. Additionally, the current organization of CNN-Transformer hybrid backbones is often sequential, hindering collaboration during pre-training and the acquisition of robust representations. To address these issues, we propose Self-Supervised Collaborative CNN-Transformer (S2CCT) for few-shot medical image segmentation. This framework introduces three innovative designs: (1) a composite proxy task based on image masking and image super-resolution tailored for CNN-Transformer hybrid architectures, enabling the backbone to acquire robust representations during pre-training that can be transferred to downstream tasks;(2) a parallel CNN-Transformer architecture that better attends to multi-scale features in images, making it more suitable for dense prediction tasks like image segmentation;(3) a sparse and dense feature fusion module to enhance collaboration between the two encoders. Experiments demonstrate that S2CCT outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods on two public medical image segmentation benchmarks, i.e., ACDC and KiTs19. The code and pretrained models will be released soon. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Automatic video genre categorization and event detection techniques on large-scale sports data 10

Automatic video genre categorization and event detection tec...

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Proceedings of the 2010 Conference of the Center for Advanced Studies on Collaborative Research

作者： Zhang, Ning Duan, Ling-Yu Huang, Qingming Li, Lingfang Gao, Wen Guan, Ling Ryerson Multimedia Research Laboratory Ryerson University Toronto ON Canada Institute of Digital Media Peking University Beijing 100871 China Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

This paper presents an efficient and robust automatic process for large-scale sports video analysis. The proposed system firstly identifies the genre of the query video, and then accomplishes the interesting event detection task. The significance of this framework is its automatic characteristic in testing with minimum human involvement in training, as well as the scalability and expansibility in dealing with a large-scale dataset. Domain-knowledge independent local features are extracted from an input video sequence and a histogram based distribution representation is created using the bag-of-visual-words (BoW) model. In genre categorization, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifiers with various dissimilarity measures are assessed and evaluated analytically. For the event detection, a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) structured prediction model is utilized. Overall, this framework demonstrates the efficiency and accuracy in processing voluminous data from sports collection and achieves various tasks in video analysis. It also demonstrates a potential technology transformation from the "laboratory bench" to commercial applications. © 2010 Ning Zhang, Ling-Yu Duan, Qing-ming Huang, Lingfang Li, Wen Gao and Ling Guan.

关键词： Sports

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BGRA-Net: Boundary-Guided and Region-Aware Convolutional Neural Network for the Segmentation of Breast Ultrasound Images

BGRA-Net: Boundary-Guided and Region-Aware Convolutional Neu...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Xiang Zhang Xuanya Li Kai Hu Xieping Gao Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Xiangtan China Baidu Inc. Beijing China Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging and Artifical Intelligence of Hunan Province Xiangnan University Chenzhou China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Language Information Processing Hunan Normal University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665429825

In this paper, we propose a novel convolutional neural network based on boundary-guided and region-aware (BGRA-Net) for breast tumor segmentation in ultrasound images. In particular, in the encoding stage, we propose a boundary-guided module (BGM) to guide the learning of boundary features in the decoding stage by explicitly strengthening the extracted boundary information. Meanwhile, in the decoding stage, we propose a region-aware module (RAM) to integrate different levels of detailed and semantic features to improve the comprehensive representation of tumor regional features. Besides, a scale-adaptive module (SAM) is further proposed to capture the characteristics of tumors with different sizes between the encoding and decoding stages. To evaluate the effectiveness of our BGRA-Net, we conduct extensive experiments on the UDIAT dataset and compare it with eight state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results show that our BGRA-Net outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and can achieve accurate segmentation of breast tumors with ambiguous boundaries.

关键词： Deep learning Image segmentation Breast tumors Ultrasonic imaging Semantics Feature extraction Visual effects

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Cross-Modality Perturbation Synergy Attack for Person Re-identification 38

Cross-Modality Perturbation Synergy Attack for Person Re-ide...

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38th Conference on Neural Information processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Gong, Yunpeng Zhong, Zhun Qu, Yansong Luo, Zhiming Ji, Rongrong Jiang, Min School of Informatics Xiamen University China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China The Department of Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing Ministry of Education of China School of Informatics Key Laboratory of Digital Protection and Intelligent Processing of Intangible CulturalHeritage of Fujian and Taiwan Ministry of Culture and Tourism Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen361005 China

In recent years, there has been significant research focusing on addressing security concerns in single-modal person re-identification (ReID) systems that are based on RGB images. However, the safety of cross-modality scenarios, which are more commonly encountered in practical applications involving images captured by infrared cameras, has not received adequate attention. The main challenge in cross-modality ReID lies in effectively dealing with visual differences between different modalities. For instance, infrared images are typically grayscale, unlike visible images that contain color information. Existing attack methods have primarily focused on the characteristics of the visible image modality, overlooking the features of other modalities and the variations in data distribution among different modalities. This oversight can potentially undermine the effectiveness of these methods in image retrieval across diverse modalities. This study represents the first exploration into the security of cross-modality ReID models and proposes a universal perturbation attack specifically designed for cross-modality ReID. This attack optimizes perturbations by leveraging gradients from diverse modality data, thereby disrupting the discriminator and reinforcing the differences between modalities. We conducted experiments on three widely used cross-modality datasets, namely RegDB, SYSU, and LLCM. The results not only demonstrate the effectiveness of our method but also provide insights for future improvements in the robustness of cross-modality ReID systems. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Mean-shift blob tracking with adaptive feature selection and scale adaptation

Mean-shift blob tracking with adaptive feature selection and...

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14th IEEE International Conference on Image processing, ICIP 2007

作者： Dawei, Liang Qingming, Huang Shuqiang, Jiang Hongxun, Yao Wen, Gao School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute of Digital Media Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)1424414377

When the appearances of the tracked object and surrounding background change during tracking, fixed feature space tends to cause tracking failure. To address this problem, we propose a method to embed adaptive feature selection into mean shift tracking framework. From a feature set, the most discriminative features are selected after ranking these features based on their Bayes error rates, which are estimated from object and background samples. For the selected features, a criterion is proposed to evaluate their stability for tracking and to guide feature reselection. The selected features are used to generate a weight image, in which mean shift is employed to locate the object. Moreover, a simple yet effective scale adaptation method is proposed to deal with object changing in size. Experiments on several video sequences show the effectiveness of the proposed method. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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