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Ionization and recombination times of high-order harmonic generation with single-photon ionization

Optics Express 2025年第1期33卷 1497-1508页

作者： Liu, Jin Song, Siqi Han, Yongkang Yue, Shengjun Du, Hongchuan School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China

We theoretically study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) involving an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse and an intense infrared driving field, where the electron is ionized by absorbing a single XUV photon. Using a developed classical-trajectory model that includes Coulomb effects and the improved initial conditions, it is demonstrated that the resulting harmonic emission times match well with those obtained by applying the Gabor transform to data from numerical solutions of time-dependent Schrödinger equations for helium and hydrogen atoms. This confirms a classical HHG scheme under single-photon ionization: The electron, ionized by absorbing one XUV photon, oscillates in the infrared field and may recollide with the parent ion, emitting high-frequency radiation. Therefore, the classical model can determine the ionization and recombination times of the electron in single-photon-ionization HHG. Our work shows great promise for resolving electron dynamics using high-order harmonic spectroscopy under single-photon ionization. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Schrodinger equation

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Water corrosion mechanisms in ternary sodium borosilicate glass under varied pH conditions

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Ceramics International 2025年第12期51卷 15149-15159页

作者： Bai, Kai Qin, Kemian Jin, Zhaoxuan Zhang, Buyun Wang, Yuchuan Hu, Huashuai Ejaz, Ahsan Lv, Peng Wang, Tieshan Peng, Haibo MoE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Department of Physics University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir Kotli11100 Pakistan

Investigating glass leaching behavior is essential to ensure the safety of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) vitrification during long-term deep geological disposal. This study elucidates water corrosion mechanisms in ternary sodium borosilicate glass by leaching across varied pH conditions (pH 3, 4, 5, 6.5, 9, 11, and 12). The pH value was adjusted with HCl and KOH solutions and the leaching experiments through the MCC-1 method at 90°C. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer, Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were used to analyze the leachate and leached samples. The leaching behavior of silicon, boron, and sodium was meticulously assessed. Results indicate silicon's resistance to leaching under a wide range of pH levels, barring strong alkalinity where glass network integrity is compromised. Boron exhibited a pH-sensitive leaching pattern, the dominant mechanism is solid-liquid interdiffusion in acidic (pH 3 and 4), and neutral (pH 5 and 6.5) conditions, while the main mechanism changed into network hydrolysis at alkaline conditions (pH 9, 11, and 12). The leaching behavior of sodium was markedly affected by acidic conditions due to ion exchange. In strong alkaline conditions (pH 11 and 12), the glass network depolymerization increases the release of main elements in glass. This investigation sheds light on the complex interplay between glass composition and the environmental pH of water. It underscores the critical need to understand water corrosion mechanisms to ensure the long-term stability and safety of borosilicate glass used in HLW management. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi Lai Hua-Ping Wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

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基于共轭主链离子聚合策略的厚度不敏感型有机太阳能电池阴极界面材料（英文）

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Science China materials 2025年第5期68卷 1401-1407页

作者：秦怡国王文才孙文静王娅婷程世杰吴顺达甘胜民黄展孙佳时秋曈霍勇孟令贤张雅敏张浩力 State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University

在有机太阳能电池中,阴极界面层对电子传输与收集至关重要.然而,多数阴极界面材料对膜厚敏感,难以适应印刷制造.针对此,研究人员开发了一些基于n-型共轭骨架的阴极界面材料,其中萘二酰亚胺因其高电子迁移率备受关注,但其易过度聚集导致... 详细信息

在有机太阳能电池中,阴极界面层对电子传输与收集至关重要.然而,多数阴极界面材料对膜厚敏感,难以适应印刷制造.针对此,研究人员开发了一些基于n-型共轭骨架的阴极界面材料,其中萘二酰亚胺因其高电子迁移率备受关注,但其易过度聚集导致界面缺陷.区别于其他聚集打破策略,本文创新地在萘二酰亚胺共轭骨架位点进行氨基取代,并进一步将其聚合成PN-Pi、PN-Pe和PN-Eh三种自掺杂型界面材料.其中, PN-Pi可以降低银电极功函数、调整界面能级并抑制反向载流子注入.在PM6:L8-BO体系中, PN-Pi的光电转换效率可达18.33%,同时在127 nm膜厚下仍能保持最佳效率的90.4%,展现了极高的膜厚容忍性.本工作表明将共轭骨架取代策略与离子聚合策略相结合是极具潜力的阴极界面材料设计方法.

关键词： organic solar cells polymer cathode interfacial materials film-thickness tolerance

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Vinyl flanked amorphous conjugated polymer by Knoevenagel condensation of diketopyrrolopyrrole and indacenodithiophene for flexible transistor

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Science China materials 2025年第1期68卷 110-116页

作者： Yanlin Chen Pinyu Chen Shihong Zhou Zhiwei Yang Haijun Long Xianfeng Liang Tianwen Chen Jing Li Luxi Tan Haoli Zhang Lichun Dong Zitong Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry(SKLAOC) Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design(MOE)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

Conjugated polymers exhibit exceptional adaptability in flexible thin-film transistors,owing to their inherent flexibility and high charge ***,achieving conjugated polymers that demonstrate both high mobility and stability under mechanical stress,such as bending or stretching,remains a significant *** this study,we synthesized an ethylene-bridged conjugated polymer,PDPPVIDT,derived from methyl-side diketopyrrolopyrrole(DPP)and indacenodithiophene(IDT)aldehydes,using an environmentally friendly Knoevenagel condensation reaction under mild conditions,resulting in a moderate yield with promising *** characterization techniques revealed enhanced backbone planarity with stableπ-πstacking,while thin films of PDPPVIDT displayed a nearamorphous nature due to the conformational isomerism of the ethylene *** structure enables simultaneous charge transport and ***,flexible organic thinfilm transistor(OTFT)devices based on PDPPVIDT demonstrated excellent hole mobility(μh)reaching up to 1.70 cm^(2) V^(−1) s^(−1),along with high mechanical bending *** work underscores the potential of vinyl-bridged donor-acceptor conjugated polymers,highlighting the industrial adaptability of their production process and offering new insights for the design and synthesis of future flexible electronic materials.

关键词： D-A conjugated polymers diketopyrrolopyrrole flexible thin-film transistors indacenodithiophene Knoevenagel condensation

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Research on online monitoring methods for plutonium concentrations

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 2025年 1075卷

作者： Sun, Shuyi Li, Chang Lei, Yinqi Jin, Weiliang Lv, Liangliang Ding, Baowei Li, Gongping School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China

In recent years, with the increasing global demand for clean, low-carbon, and reliable energy, nuclear energy has gained more attention and investment as a crucial component. As nuclear power plants are being constructed and operated on a large scale, the amount of nuclear waste discharged from reactors is also increasing. Currently, the PUREX reprocessing method is commonly used for recycling nuclear waste, which requires real-time measurement of nuclide concentrations in the solution to calculate the amount of material to be added. The traditional method involves staff sampling and laboratory analysis. Although this method is highly accurate, the detection results are delayed, and there is a certain radiation risk. Therefore, designing an efficient online monitoring system for spent fuel solution concentration is important for the recycling of spent fuel. While the online monitoring technology for uranium solutions is relatively mature, research on online monitoring of plutonium solutions is scarce. Against this backdrop, this paper simulates and designs an online monitoring system for plutonium concentration. Using the Geant4 simulation software, a model is designed with a silicon drift detector to explore the relationship between different concentrations of plutonium solution and its spontaneous X-ray intensity. A method for measuring plutonium concentration using spontaneous X-ray emission is proposed and validated. The paper also provides reasonable suggestions regarding the sample tube and detector parameters. Based on research into plutonium's spontaneous alpha decay, a combination of an X-ray machine and uranyl nitrate solution is proposed as an equivalent substitute model for corresponding concentrations of plutonium solution. The appropriate energy, angle, and time parameters for this model are determined through simulation, and its accuracy is experimentally verified to meet market demands, offering a new feasible solution for the calibration of plutoniu

关键词： Spent fuels

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Equivalent electromagnetic parameters for microwave metamaterial absorber using a new symmetry model

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第5期28卷 350-354页

作者： Junming Zhang Donglin He Guowu Wang Peng Wang Liang Qiao Tao Wang Fashen Li Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (Ministry of Education) Lanzhou University Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (Ministry of Education) Lanzhou University

Transmission line theory uses the complex nature of permeability and permittivity of a conventional magnetic absorber to evaluate its absorption properties and mechanism. However, because there is no method to obtain the electromagnetic parameters of a metamaterial-absorber integrated layer(composed of a medium layer and a periodic metal array), this theory is seldom used to study the absorption properties of the metamaterial absorber. We propose a symmetry model to achieve an equivalent complex permittivity and permeability model for the integrated layer, which can be combined with the transmission line theory to calculate metamaterial absorption properties. The calculation results derived from both the transmission line theory and the high-frequency structure simulator are in good agreement. This method will be beneficial in practical investigations of the absorption mechanism of a metamaterial absorber.

关键词： metamaterial absorber equivalent electromagnetic parameters transmission line theory

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An outlook of rare-earth activated persistent luminescence mechanisms

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第3期34卷 245-250页

作者：韩少春王育华曾巍陈文波 Key Laboratory for Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University

By studying energy transfer and persistent energy transfer properties in Eu, Mn co-doped calcium aluminate CaAl_2O_4, it was found that traditional persistent luminescence mechanisms had difficulty in explaining persistent energy transfer property between Eu^（2＋） and Mn^（2＋） ions. Based on this question, a mechanism was suggested in which vibrational energy levels were considered as a Morse potential, and trap centers were distinguished into barriers and wells. Then, this phenomenon was explained by allowing energy transfer and persistent energy transfer could have different preference to different vibrational energy levels. Properties of trap centers were also discussed by using the concept of Madelung energy.

关键词： persistent luminescence rare earths phosphor aluminate

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Photoluminescence properties of color-tunable KLaSiO_4:Ce^(3+),Mn^(2+) phosphors

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第5期33卷 480-485页

作者：常文瑞王丹朋兴平王育华胡龄之王静 the Key Laboratory for Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education School of Physical Science and TechnologyLanzhou University

A series of color-tunable KLaSiO4：Ce3＋,Mn2＋phosphors were successfully prepared and the luminescent properties were investigated. Upon excitation at 290 nm, the emission spectra of KLaSiO4：Ce3＋,Mn2＋phosphors included a blue emission band and a red emission band. Increasing the doping concentration of Mn2＋ions, the red emission was strengthened considerably, and the blue emission of Ce3＋ was reduced, owing to the efficient energy transfer. The composition optimized KLa0.96SiO4：0.02Ce3＋,0.02Mn2＋sample exhibited the white light emission brightly with the chromaticity coordinates of （0.331, 0.337）. Therefore, KLaSiO4：Ce3＋, Mn2＋could be used as a white phosphor candidate for white light-emitting diodes devices.

关键词： KLaSiO4:Ce3+,Mn2+ energy transfer color-tunable rare earths

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Influence of additives on the magnetic damping constant of CoIr soft magnetic thin films with negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第5期28卷 312-317页

作者： Tianyong Ma Zhi Luo Zhiwei Li Liang Qiao Tao Wang Fashen Li Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou University

The oriented(CoIr)_(100-x)P_x(P = B, Ni, and SiO_2) soft magnetic films are prepared. Their morphology is measured using transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and reveals that these films exhibit good crystallinity and high degree of the c-axis orientation. The magnetic properties are thoroughly investigated as a function of doping x. Our results show that all of these films possess negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy as required by possible applications. Both the intrinsic and extrinsic contributions are considered to interpret the broadening of the ferromagnetic resonance spectral linewidth. The intrinsic Gilbert damping is identified as the main cause of the linewidth broadening, while the extrinsic part originating from inhomogeneities only plays a minor role. More interestingly, our results show that the damping constant can be controlled by using the doping method.

关键词： magnetic damping constant additives negative magnetocrystalline anisotropy

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